what it is conventionally called in the documentation
(up to 20 words)
people mainly responsible
directing or sponsoring the work
in which developed
the work area and activity to which this is relevant.
Try and be as specific as possible. e.g.: Electronic
Design, Financial Analysis, Legal Drafting, Medical
Diagnosis. General descriptions such as CAD or Decision
Support should be used only if the product is directly
useful for several work areas.
Name of someone who can answer questions, with
and
and
address (or fax number) for the contact (if known)
(up to150 words)
Name of interpreter/compiler(s) used
Hardware / operating system(s) (development / delivery)
or systems used, with approximate extent
Approximate number of lines of Prolog
Approximate number of Prolog predicates
Number of person-months for initial system
Number of person-months since, including enhancements
1=Prototype, 2=Evaluation, 3=Released,
4=No longer supported, 5=Dead
This ends the entry.
------------------------------------------------------------
3TAP
454
Hardware Verification, Natural Language Processing.
Tableau-Based Automated Theorem Prover for arbitrary
finitely-valued first-order logics including the handling
of equality and sorts.
Tableau-Based Automated Theorem Prover for
arbitrary
finitely-valued first-order logics including the handling
of equality and sorts.
Reiner Haehnle, Wolfgang Wernecke.
IBM Germany, University of Karlsruhe, DFG.
Germany.
Quintus Prolog, runs on versions 2.4 and later.
C / 5%
17,500 incl comments.
910
Sun 3, Sun Sparcstations, IBM PS/2, IBM RS/6000 all Unix.
Released
May 1992
7 - 10
Oct 1992
@TECHREPORT{Beckert92a,
AUTHOR = {Bernhard Beckert},
INSTITUTION = {IBM Germany, Institute for
Knowledge Based Systems},
MONTH = {jan},
NUMBER = {208},
TITLE = {Konzeption und {I}mplementierung von
{G}leichheit f\"{u}r einen
tableau--basierten
{T}heorembeweiser},
TYPE = {{IWBS} {R}eport},
YEAR = {1992}}
@INPROCEEDINGS{BeckertHaehnle91,
AUTHOR = {Bernhard Beckert and Reiner H\"{a}hnle},
BOOKTITLE = {Proc.~$11^{th}$ Conference on Automated Deduction {CADE}, Albany/NY},
EDITOR = {D.~Kapur},
PAGES = {507 -- 521},
PUBLISHER = {Springer Verlag},
SERIES = {{LNCS}},
TITLE = {An Improved Method for Adding
Equality to Free Variable Semantic
Tableau},
VOLUME = {607},
YEAR = {1992}}
@TECHREPORT{Haehnle89,
AUTHOR = {Reiner H\"{a}hnle},
INSTITUTION = {Wissenschaftliches {Z}entrum,
{IWBS}, {IBM} {D}eutschland}
,
NUMBER = {136},
TITLE = {Spezifikation eines
{T}heorembeweisers f\"{u}r dreiwertige {F}ir
st--{O}rder {L}ogik},
TYPE = {{IWBS} Report},
YEAR = {1990}}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Haehnle90,
AUTHOR = {Reiner H\"{a}hnle},
BOOKTITLE = {Proceedings Workshop on Computer
Science Logic, Heidelberg},
PAGES = {248 -- 260},
PUBLISHER = {Springer, {LNCS} 533},
TITLE = {Towards an Efficient Tableau Proof
Procedure for Multiple--Value
d Logics},
@INPROCEEDINGS{Haehnle91,
AUTHOR = {Reiner H\"{a}hnle},
BOOKTITLE = {Proc. International Symposium on
Multiple--Valued Logic, Vic
toria},
PAGES = {238 -- 245},
PUBLISHER = {{IEEE} Press},
TITLE = {Uniform Notation of Tableaux Rules
for Multiple--Valued Logics},
@BOOK{Haehnle92f,
AUTHOR = {Reiner H\"{a}hnle},
MONTH = {To appear},
PUBLISHER = {Oxford University Press},
TITLE = {Automated Proof Search in Multiple--
Valued Logics}, @ARTICLE{HaehnleSchmitt91,
AUTHOR = {Reiner H\"{a}hnle and Peter H.
Schmitt},
JOURNAL = {Journal of Automated Reasoning, to
appear},
TITLE = {The liberalized $\delta$--rule in
free variable semantic tableau
x},
YEAR = {1993}}
@TECHREPORT{Schoepke91,
AUTHOR = {Gisela Sch\"{o}pke},
INSTITUTION = {Wissenschaftliches {Z}entrum,
{IWBS}, {IBM} {D}eutschland}
,
MONTH = {October},
NUMBER = {188},
TITLE = {{M}\"{o}glichkeiten des {E}insatzes
eines dreiwertigen {T}heorem
beweisers},
TYPE = {{IWBS} Report},
YEAR = {1991}}
YEAR = {1993}}
YEAR = {1991}}
YEAR = {1990}}
@TECHREPORT{TAP92,
AUTHOR = {Reiner H\"{a}hnle and Bernhard
Beckert and Stefan Gerberding an
d Werner Kernig},
INSTITUTION = {Wissenschaftliches {Z}entrum
{H}eidelberg, {IWBS}, {IBM} {
D}eutschland},
MONTH = {July},
NUMBER = {227},
TITLE = {{T}he {M}any--{V}alued {T}ableau--
{B}ased {T}heorem {P}rover {\T
AP}},
TYPE = {{IWBS} {R}eport},
YEAR = {1992}}
A Code Generator for Database Applications in Prolog.
297
CASE Tools
Use of Prolog as a specification language for transactional
systems and as a tool for automating software cycle.
The project consists of the development of a source code
generator (implemented in Prolog) for DB transactional applications. The
underlying Information System makes use of Prolog as a specification
language to describe an extended Entity-Relationship model. Two
applications have been developed, producing source code in dBASEIV and RPG.
S. Dulli - R. Sprugnoli - L. Veronese.
University of Padova
Italy
Prolog - 2 E.S.I.
1,000 (130K memory)
300
P.C. MSDOS
Prototype
Dec. 1990
4
25/11/91
S. Dulli, R. Sprugnoli, L. Veronese "A Code
Generator for Database Applications in Prolog" Proceedings of
Information Technology Interface, June 1991, Yugoslavia.
S. Dulli, R. Sprugnoli, L. Veronese "Un generatore di codice sorgente per
applicazioni transazionali su basi di dati realizzato in Prolog" Atti del
VI convegno sulla programmazione logica, giugno 1991, Pisa Italy.
AALPS
198
Aircraft planning
A load planning system for aircraft cargo
The Automated Air Load Planning System provides a
flexible spatial representation and knowledge base techniques to reduce the
time taken for planning by an expert from weeks to two hours. It
incorporates the expertise of loadmasters with extensive cargo and aircraft
data.
SRI International, XVII Airborne Corps, Military Aircraft
Command
USA
Quintus
C
SUN workstation
ACACIA
243
Nuclear power
a knowledge-based framework for the on-line dynamic synthesis
of emergency operating procedures in a nuclear power plant
It's hard to see the status of this
CEA, Electricite de France
France
SPIRAL
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long ***È
A.
Poujou, B. Papin, R. Soldermann: Dynamic Synthesis of Emergency operating
procedures based on the generalized state approach. International Working
Group on Machine-machine communication for emergency operation in Nuclear
Power PLants, IAEA Schliersee, RFA, Oc 1988.
ACAPS Loan Printing System
458
loan paperwork production.
Expert system to create loan documentation from ACAPS main
frame loan system.
Took raw IBM mainframe data from a loan analysis &
approval package and produced all the relevant paperwork, including
attempted reconstruction of upper/lower case text. The system spooled
was made fault tolerant and
controlled a bank of laser printers and fax modems. It replaced a
(basically) manual system.
John Grant.
Security Pacific National Bank.
USA
Arity Prolog
C - 5 lines
10000
200
IBM PC - OS/2 v 1.3
In-house
Released
March 1990
100
1991
ADAM
437
General purpose object-oriented database, with emphasis
on extensibility with new modelling constructs by using
metaclasses. Comes with simple persistent store.
Object-Oriented Database.
Adds the ability to structure prolog programs and data
using the object-oriented paradigm.
Norman Paton.
Heriot-Watt University.
UK
SICStus + Sepia (Quintus,MegaLog).
C (1000 lines)
4000
Sun + UNIX
Free/Public Domain
Prototype
March 1989
Sites = 4; People = 50
April 1992
Paton, N.W. and Diaz, O., Object-oriented Databases
and Frame-Based Systems: A Comparison, Information and Software
Technology, Vol 33, No 5, 357-365, 1991.
Gray, P.M.D., Kulkarni, K.G. and Paton, N.W., Object-Oriented
Databases: A Semantic Data Model Approach, Prentice-Hall, March,
1992.
Paton, N.W., ADAM: An Object-oriented Database System Implemented In
Prolog, Proc 7th British National Conference On Databases, Williams
(ed), CUP, 147-161, 1989
Paton, N.W. and Diaz, O., Metaclasses in Object-Oriented Databases, in
Object-Oriented Databases: Analysis, Design and Construction (DS-4), W.
Meersman et al.(eds), North-Holland, 331-348, 1991.
ADAN
375
Aquisition of knowledge from data analysis.
Conceptual clustering of data bases.
A generic product for the conceptual clustering of
relevant
database through a non supervised learning technique.
Antoni Trias, Xavier Fustero.
AIA
Spain.
PDC Prolog 3.3 for Windows.
Turbo C, Microsoft C.
6235
534
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS,Delivery PC 386 or 486 / MS DOS and
Windows.
Sold Product
Released
August 1992.
07/1992.
AIA/ Software product description.
ADAS
106
Digital design
Application-driven Design Automation for Microprocessor Design
Submitted to PAC. Paper 194
Iksoo Pyo et al
USA
Subset of standard Prolog
VLSI Microprocessor
17/10/91
ADES (ATP Design Expert System)
425
Logic Circuit Design.
Automatic design of the logic circuits constituting an
Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system, starting from the station
topography.
ADES (ATP Design Expert System) is an expert system
for automatically designing the logic circuits which constitute an
Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system
of stations belonging to a certain class determined by the Italian
Railway Station Authority. Starting from the drawing of the station
topography, introduced through a
graphic input interface, ADES determines the circuit design for the
ATP system of the station, and finally presents the user the logic
circuits through a graphic
output interface. The user can adjust the resulting design through
the interface, and finally plot it. Moreover, several intermediate
documents - usually adopted by the Italian
Railway Station Authority for validating the project, are also
automatically produced by ADES.
ADES inference engine has been implemented by using the Prolog
language, and meta-interpretation techniques in particular.
Implementing both the expert system and some of its environment tools
in Prolog has led to the rapid prototyping of the overall system.
Optimization techniques, and partial evaluation in particular, have also
been applied in order to obtain efficient execution.
Roberto Cremonini, Evelina Lamma, Paola Mello, Augusto
Torchi.
SASIB S.p.a. Bologna, jointly with Dipartimento di
Elettronica, Informatica e Sistemistica (University of Bologna).
Italy.
Quintus Prolog.
Fortran, Graphic Kernel System.
5000
800
microVAX Digital VMS
In-house
Released
1990
10
January 1991
Cremonini, R., Lamma, E. Lamma, Mello, P.,
ADES: An Expert System for ATP Design
AI EDAM Journal, 1989, Vol. 3, N. 1, pages 1-21.
Aditi Compiler
44
Deductive Databases
Query and rule compilation of Aditi Prolog to the base
relational language RL for the Aditi Deductive Database.
The Aditi Compiler consists of three main stages;
(purish) Prolog to
High Level Data Structure; High Level to Low Level Data Structure and
Low Level Data Structure to relational operations.
A number of different optimizations/transformations are available at each
level; including magic set transformations; standard relational
optimizations and peephole optimization. The resulting relational code is
directly executed by the Aditi deductive database.
Peter Stuckey (the current version)
Department of Computer Science; University of Melbourne
Australia
NU-Prolog
Aditi relational engine is written in C.
7000 -- lines of code (including blanks)
550
Silicon Graphics R3000 based multiprocessors / Unix System 5
In-house
Evaluation
June 90
8
Feb 92
J. Vaghani; K. Ramamohanarao; D.B. Kemp; Z. Somogyi
and P.J. Stuckey.
Design Overview of the Aditi deductive database system. Procs.
Seventh International Conference on Data Engineering. pages 240--247;
1991.
J. Vaghani; K. Ramamohanarao; D.B. Kemp; Z. Somogyi and P.J. Stuckey.
An introduction to the Aditi deductive database system. Australian
Computer Journal 23(2); pages 37--52. 1991.
D.B. Kemp; D. Srivastava and P.J. Stuckey. Magic Sets and Bottom up
computation of Well-Founded Models. Procs. International Symposium on Logic
Programming. San Diego; pages 337--354; 1991.
ADP (Arc Welding Diagnosis and Planning System.
309
Design Manufacturing Systems
Diagnosis and planning of technological parameters for gas-
shielded metal arc welding applications.
The ADP system consists of two distinct knowledge
bases supplying welding engineers in the diagnosis and the planning
of technological parameters for gas-shielded welding applications.
Welding knowledge is modeled in terms of objects and rules. For
diagnosis purposes hypotheses have been implemented connecting system
symptoms with a set of applyable error recovery
measures. For planning a set of rules has been defined deriving the values
of a welding schedule.
Fraunhofer-Institute for Production Systems and Design
Technology
Dep. Robot System Technology
Germany
IF-PROLOG 4.0
C - extensions
~ 1 MByte source
VAX station 3100
VMS 5.4
In-house
Prototype
11/05/92
IFAC/IFIP/IMACS Symposium on Robot Control SYROCO Sept.
16-18, 1991, Vienna, Austria. Preprint pp. 39.
ADRAM (after an ICL program of the same name).
406
Data Conversion.
Syntax-directed data converter.
Originally developed for porting files of
Government and other economic data from ICL 1900, ICL 2900, and IBM
tapes to VAX VMS. We wanted to change the file structures as we did
this (e.g. swap fields within records), rather than
translating them verbatim. Therefore decided to write a general
purpose converter, whose inputs were (1)syntactic description of file
layouts at the record and field level, in a notation which looked
like a mixture of Cobol data definitions and Pascal record
structures; (2) a description of the machine architectures: word
sizes, byte directions,
and so on. ADRAM generated from these an Algol68
program which when ran, did the actual conversion.
Jocelyn Paine.
Institute of Fiscal Studies.
England.
Poplog.
Algol68.
3000.
600.
VAX/VMS.
In-house
No longer supported
12/1987.
1 (organisation).
3/1992.
None.
ADW Knowledge Coordinator
215
Systems development
Tools to help developers to formalize, design and implement
information systems
The Application Development Workbench uses various
diagramming techniques to help users develop and view their systems. The
information the tools develop is pooled dynamically in an encyclopedia,
consistency being ensured through a Knowledge Coordinator; this information
will be stored later on in the IBM Repository Manager.
KnowledgeWare, Inc
USA ?
IBM Prolog for OS/2, IBM MVS Prolog
C code for screen graphics
130 KLOC
IBM PS/2 with OS/2, IBM 370
B. Robinet: Logic Programming at IBM from the Lab to the
customer. Proc ICLP8. pp912-921. 1991
AFARS - Asset Forfeiture advisor and reporting system
104
Criminal Justice; Law enforcement
Assists federal, state and local law enforecement agencies in
conducting effective asset forfeiture programs to process seized criminal
assets
AFARS is designed to assist law enforcement and
prosecution elements at the federal, state and local levels in the
asset forfeiture process. The system includes:
- Asset forfeiture training modules
- A knowledge based expert system advisor for both federal and
local law enforcement
- A reference library library of federal and state statutes
(criminal and civil), US Department of Justice Guides and Federal
Rules with search capability
- A system for preparing asset forfeiture documents and court
petititions
- An intelligence system to assist in link analysis to match
offenders, crimes, drugs of choice, habits and locations
- A statistical capability to create reports identifying totals and
percentiles of various types of seizures by number of occurrences and
monetary value
Planned: Graphics capability to depict statistical information
Release planned for May 1992.
Dennis M. Scott, Presdent and Project manager
Scott Enterprises
USA
PDC Prolog
Some Microsoft Quick Basic, which will be reprogrammed in
PDC Prolog in the near future
IBM XT compatible, 640K RAM, Hard drive, CGA, EGA or SVGA
Color
monitor with 512K Graphics. Requires approximately 3MB disk space which
will grow as data bases expand
Licensed
Evaluation
8 Apr 1992
AGATHA
3
Electronic Diagnosis
Expert System to test and diagnose complex printed circuit
boards
Agatha uses a suite of mini expert systems; each
customized (optimized) to diagnose a particular kind of test -- this
necessary due to the diversity and complexity of the various tests. Agatha
reasons about the test results as well as suggesting further tests to run.
Agatha runs the tester directly. It provides an improved; friendly
interface to the user; using X windows.
Daryl Allred; Mike Bennett; Chris Preist; Yossi
Lichtenstein;
Ajay Gupta
Hewlett-Packard Co.
USA and UK
Quintus Prolog
C & YACC (13 K lines); scripts (830 lines)
26 K lines (all lines are UN-commented)
2650
HP 9000/370; HP-UX (Un*x)
In-house
Released
Jan 1990
3 sites internally
Oct. 1991
Agatha: An Integrated Expert System to Test and Diagnose,
Complex PC Boards Innovative Applications of Artificial, Intelligence 3
1991 AAAI Press"
AIA-TRANS
381
Freight distribution.
Automation of the information/management system for a
transportation and freight company (packages distribution).
Integral management system for freight companies working
with packages for the company Jet Way. It was developed in Prolog to be
executable in a local network with Novel Netware software. Includes export
documents and sea tranportion as well.
Antoni Trias, Patricias Llopis, Xavier Fustero, Paqui
Cabezas and programmers team.
AIA
Spain.
PDC Prolog 3.31
void
void
void
Developed PC 386 /MS DOS
Delivery local Novel network.
Sold Product
Released
1991
07/1992
AiGerm
107
Database design
A Logic Programming Front End for Germ
Submitted to PAC. Paper 210
Safaa H. Hashim
USA
"Quintus, BIM, LDL"
17/10/91
Air Pollution ControlSystem
264
Pollution Control
To advise on air pollution levels of county districts
The system handles data about the basic
concentration of several industrial pollutants in
Budapest and other counties of Hungary with each county having 15-20
districts. The system checks whether the air pollution of working or
planned plants is below the permitted level. If permitted levels are
exceeded the system recommends appropriate filtering equipment. The system
is designed for a variety of users (managers, research workers etc)
J. Bendl, Gy. Lugosi, Z. Markusz
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
I. Futo, F. Darvas, P. Szeredi (1978)
The application of Prolog to the development of QA and DBM systems.
In Logic and Databases, pp.347-376
H. Gallaire and J. Minker (eds)
J. Bendl, Gy. Lugosi, Z. Markusz (1979)
An interactive system for checking air pollution - the information
system.
Infromacio-Electronica, XIV, No 1, 1979. pp. 55-58.
Air Sheduler
483
Automatisation of aerodrome air traffic control service.
Independent software section for air traffic control
system embeded real-time conflict detection, and optimum safe air traffic
planning.
Prof. Stanislav Timokhin. post-graduate Serge
Ivanets
post-graduate Michail Krylov.
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute.
Russia.
Turbo Prolog 2.0
not used
4300
175
MS DOS
1992
State Institute "AirNavigation"
Airport Mineralnye Vody (international code UUWW)
AJAX
229
Payroll administration
Administering payments for civil servants
The Automated Job Assembly eXpert provides an
intelligent PC-based front-end to a large mainframe payroll system.
Given a specification of what is required, it generates all the
necessary instructions for jobs to be run, with all the parameters
correctly set.
A further product 'Coordinate' arose out of this project.
Jonathan Souster
Telecomputing
UK
LPA Prolog Professional
flex
IBM PC 286 with 2MB
ALBERTUS
362
Computer based training of Physics.
Training Physics in Highschool and College.
A graphics program which can be used for training
Physics.
Package contains students program, separate editor for making
lessonwork and modifying lessonworks that come with package. Program
has tree level help function for student in each question. Student
can use graphs of mathematical functions and a calculator to solve
problems. Program checks answers of student and tells reasonable
precision for answers if student gives for example too
many digits in his or her answer.
Osmo Miettinen, Antti Miettinen and Tapio Okkola.
Taosan Ky, supported by Finnish School Department.
Finland.
PDC Prolog 3.20 - 3.30
Assembler.
5831 + 2311
445 + 150
IBM-PC/AP/PS2 and compatibles, PC-DOS or MS-DOS
Sold Product
Released
3/1989
4/1/1992
Taosan Ky and MFKA OY.
ALIEN
222
Equipment documentation
Documentation aid for equipment
Dassault Electronique
France
Emicat
Prototype
Dassault Electronique report: Les Techniques
Informatiques avancees et leurs applications. NE 485 352, 30th Apr 1991.
ALTES
446
Mainframe Tuning.
Real Time Expert System Diagnosis and Help for tuning
Bull/GCOS8/TP8 mainframe.
Connected to the mainframe, ALTES collect in real
time a lot of system informations about jobs, dispatching, buffers,
files access, disks, response times ... and analyse them to product
diagnosis, alerts, journal and graphs. A synoptic resume the session
alerts, so the user could immediatly see what's previously append.
The knowledge base contains a set of parameters which could be
modified during the session (without recompiling)
.
The user can consult an historic, rebuild the context, replay the
analyse and see why a diagnosis was product (facts values and rules
used). He can modify the knowledge base with ALTES compiler and test
it with an old journalized context to verify new rules. This allows
specifics uses.
Graphs and journal generated by ALTES are a real help for understanding and
tuning the mainframe.
Stephane Gratepanche.
GFI / CdFi
France
PDC Prolog
C, Pascal
More than 10 thousands.
80386, 486 / MsDos
Licensed
Released
1990
10
March 1992
An Automated Legal Reasoning System on
Indian Governement's Reservation Policy for
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
436
Legal Reasoning.
Assists in the decision making on various issues related to
Reservation Policy for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are the most
backward and economically weaker segments of the Indian society.
Historically they have been neglected and discriminated against
through the centuries. Government of
India brought in a special legislation for their uplift and development.
Orders and instructions have been issued from time to time promulgating
concessions to encourage their employment in the civil services of the
Government and to safeguard their interests while in service. A logic
programming based expert system has been developed for giving advice on
this piece of legislation , called Reservation Policy of Scheduled Castes
and Scheduled Tribes.
Srinivas Pavuluri, S.B.Yadavalli,K.K.Bajaj.
National Informatics Centre,Government of India, Lodhi
Road, CGO Complex, New Delhi-3,India.
India.
LPA Prolog Professional.
Nil
1000
7
DOS
Licensed
Evaluation
All Ministries/Departments in Government of India.
April 16, 1992
Communicated to Second Pacific RIM International
Conference On AI, Scheduled to be held in Seoul,Korea in September 1992.
APACHE
321
Interactive Scheduling.
Assignment of airplanes to gates at international airports.
The APACHE scheduling system is an interactive
resource utilisation system for the assignment of airplanes to gates
at international airports while respecting many of the operational
constraints found in such airports.
The system allows to reschedule the assignments and tailor the automatic
incremental scheduler. The system connects to an airports conventional and
operating database via CHIP'S SQL link.
COSYTEC
CPL Software and Services
France
CHIP
C X11
3000
SUN/HP/IBM/DIGITAL workstations
PC 386/486 UNIX DOS
Sold Product
Prototype
03/92
M. Dincbas, P. Van Hentenryck, H. Simonis, A.
Aggoun, T. Graf, F. Berthier, The Constraint Logic Programming
Language CHIP.
In Proc. of The Int. Conf. on Fifth Generation computer Systems, p693-702.
Tokyo, Japan, November 1988.
APEX
440
Presentation for prospective customer of modular house.
Automatic living-room layout system for modular house.
To satisfy the requirements of each customer,APEX
automatically layouts rooms for a type of modular house
within the constraints of the legal regulations.
ISAC, Inc.
Sekisui Chemical Corporation.
Japan.
K-Prolog.
C (50%)
50,000 lines.
5,000 predicates.
SONY NEWS; 4.2/4.3BSD (development / delivery).
Licensed
Released
April 28, 1990
100 persons (at 50 sites).
April 15, 1992
NIKKEI ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE No.105, pp.2-3 May 7,
1990.
ARCHON
108
Information systems
Cooperation in Industrial Systems
Submitted to PAC. Paper 405
Jennings
UK
ARIES
508
M.I.S.
Using Prolog to access relational databases with natural
language.
Access to computer based MIS is typically gained via pre-
requested reports or SQL. Many managers find these too restrictive. An
industry based project was started in 1988 to implement a natural language
interface to management information. The project demonstrated the
feasibility and practicality of implementing NLIS to databases and revealed
many interesting insights concerning the style and range of English used by
computer users.
Alan Burton.
City University.
U.K.
Quintus Prolog.
Keyling Database Interface.
Del Vax Ivms.
In-house
Released
1990
Spring 1992.
Burton and Steward-A NLI to Management Information.
ASIGNA
59
Chemical processes scheduling
This program is meant to schedule chemical processes sharing
resources. It handles disjunctive constraints and large time periods.
Resource-allocation problems occur frequently in
chemical plans. Different processes often share pieces of equipment
such as reactors and filters. The program ASIGNA allocates equipment
to some given set of processes. Each process is described as a
sequence of stages. At each stage, a process uses some piece of
equipment for a certain time period.
The problems solved with our program resemble critical-path problems that
can be solved with commercial packages. Unlike some of these packages, our
program can handle disjunctive constraints. To handle such constraints, we
use a generalization of the " domains" pioneered by the CHIP language. We
have modified these domains to efficiently represent numerous elements, as
happens in practical resource-allocation problems.
David A. Rosenblueth
IIMAS-UNAM
Mexico
Arity Prolog
none
1900
211
PC/MSDOS
Personal
Prototype
5/1992
3/1992
ASK (Associative System Kentek)
327
Industrial Data Analysis and Management Information Systems.
Knowledge retrieval and data analysis.
A hybride knowledge retrieval and analyses system with
machine-learning and neural network simulation, rule based inference
mechanism, dynamic graphical presentation of decision trees.
K. van Goor; R. F. Jansen.
Kentek Expertise.
The Netherlands.
PDC prolog 3.30
Turbo-C Program shell.
25000.
1000.
Windows 3.1, Ms-dos.
Licensed
Released
01/06/92
ASTROLIZA / Aastro Brain Base
328
Is used in Holland, Belgium, Germany, Austria and Switzerland
by professional astrologs who use it both for analysis and interpretaion of
birth charts.
Astrological Expert System.
Astrological expert system with built-in AI and word
processing facilities. Makes use of all kinds of different input files and
produces a unique personal report for each chart.
Ole Eshuis, Amsterdam.
E.O. Eshuis Astrological Software.
Holland.
First developed with Turbo Prolog, now running under PDC
Prolog 3.30.
Astro Brain Base uses a calculation module written in
Turbo C++.
2420 lines of source code divided over 5 modules.
186 local predicates and 26 global predicates.
MS DOS 640 KB.
Sold Product
Released
Spring 1988.
07/08/92.
In the autumn of 1992 there will be an article on Astro
Brain Base in the German magazine "Meridian".
ATMI
109
NL
A Natural Language Interface to Management Information
Submitted to PAC. Paper 164
Dr A. P. Steward
UK
Quintus
Vax
19/10/91
ATR Trainer
213
Training
Authoring language for training
In training mode the material appears to a trainee
as hypertext style browsing environment. The user is able to learn
by examing information which is structured as a set of related
topics. They can also request illustrative examples and ask to be
tested on the subject matter, using tests devised by the system
according to the fats in the rulebase. The system maintains a model
of the performance of each trainee for assessing progress.
In the advisory mode, the system behaves like a conventional expert system,
with an inference engine and explanation facility using text and pictures.
Paul French
Kingston Polytechnic
UK
LPA Prolog professional
PC AT with 640K
Sold Product
Released
AUNT
196
Electronics Design
Universal hardware description language translator for
electronics design
This allows an electronic design expressed in any of six
hardware design languages (SPICE, EXT, ABCD, NET, HILO, GEMINI) to be
translated into any of the others.
Peter Reintjes
Microelectronics Center of North Carolina
USA
Quintus
Unix, VAX workstation
P.B. Reintjes: A VLSI Design Environment in Prolog.
ICLP5, 1988, pp70-81
Automatic Porting DNS -> CNS
424
Automatic translating of specific software.
It's an automatic porting tool enabling the simultaneous
manufacture of the DNS and CNS communication software versions.
The tool translates intructions for Bull's Datanet
system in
Bull's Microfep system. The tool can be used for automatic porting of 500
000 compiler instructions, reducing the maintenance costs on all the common
functions.
Franc,oise Barichello, Francis Jeandel & Ge'rard Simon.
Internal work for Bull S.A.
France.
SP-Prolog (Bull S.A. registered trademark).
1500
104
DPX 5000 Ros 4.1
Licensed
Released
1988
5
March 1992
AUTOPROLOG
262
Legal drafting
Generates an expert system for a specific set of rules
corresponding to an interpretation of a legal statute.
Charles S. Saxon, Layman E. Allen
Eastern Michican University, U of Michigan Law School
USA
Turbo Prolog
IBM PC
Free/Public Domain
Released
1987
1988
Layman E. Allen, Charles S. Saxon: Multiple
interpretation of the structure of legal rules: Impediment or boon to
legal expert systems. ICLP5 pp1609-1623, 1988
Layman E. Allen, Charles S. Saxon: Automatic generation of a legal expert
system of Section 7 (2) of the United Kingdom Data Protection Act 1984, in
4th Congresso Internatzionale sui tem, Informatica e Regolamentazioni
Giuridiche, Roma, May 1988.
BAMBI
110
Intelligent front end
Intelligent aid to submission of several hundred
interdependant jobs which update a fares database on a MVS system.
BAMBI is a KBS running on a PC linked to a large foures
database on an IBM mainframe MVS system. It uses knowledge of the batch
jobs, of their parameters and of their mutual dependencies to simplify and
speed the preparation of run requests, and automates their submission. It
allows the users to edit and maintain most of the knowledge for themselves,
and requires very little other maintenance. It has enabled its users to
handle an increased workload with no increase in time nor decrease in
accuracy, but improvement in both.
David Barnard
British Airways
UK
LPA Prolog Professional
Gresham Telecomputing's CONNEX software to link to
mainframe.
11000
736
IBM PS2 + DOS
~ June 1990
3
92/9/16
1. Proceedings 1st International Conference on the
Practical Application of PROLOG 2/3 April 1992. Short paper by David
Barnard, title: BAMBI- etc.
2. Expert Systems User - Article by Dr. Toshio Nomura, 1991 approx. Aug.
or Sept.
BARBARA THE SYLLOGIZER.
464
Logic exercises in syllogistic (monadic) logic.
Exercises in syllogistic reasoning.
BARBARA provides exercises in syllogistic
reasoning. The instructor can provide the examples that he or she
wishes to use in drilling students; examples are kept in a separate
ASCII file which the instructor can edit with a wordprocessor or
editor. This file contains the sentences which are the premises of a
particular example, the logical form of these sentences, and the
lexicon of terms which appear in the premises.
The student may choose to use either the traditional or the modern
rules for the syllogism and can change which rules are being used at
any time. The student enters, in English, a conclusion which
follows. Barbara parses the student's sentence and identifies the
sentence's logical form. Barbara checks to see if that logical form
follows by first-order logic
from the form of the premises, and responds accordingly,
seeking to give the strongest possible reply for both correct and incorrect
answers.
R. G. Wengert
University of Illinois and IBM.
U.S.A.
Arity Prolog interpreter and compiler.
None.
924 Lines (goals).
112 Predicates.
IBM PCs and clones, 8088s and up.
Licensed
Released
April, 1989.
Several hundred at this university, unknown at others.
November, 1992.
BATEX
295
Building Design
It is an expert system which helps to make the preliminary
studies for the offices buildings, at the stage of the draft.
Batex is an expert system for global design, intended for
initiators to avoid costly errors. The recommendations of Batex relate to
our conditioning, acoustics, outside walls , glazed bays, possible window-
blind, energy consumption, etc. It takes into account parameters of
different fields such as geographical and topographical environment,
climate, pollutions, seismicity, ground lift, noise sources. It works
either with forward chaining or backward chaining. Betex gives the
explanations of its conclusions in clear language (regulations, rules of
the art...). Batex ensures that nothing important is forgotten and permits
simulations.
Charles MENET - Marc MORO (expert)
DIALEC
France
Prolog II +
Microsoft C
6500
315
PC 386 - Windows 3
-MS- DOS
Licensed
Released
07/1988
2 (SNCF)_ the french railway company.
30/03/92
Systems Expert No.51-23 March 1992 ( A Jour, publisher -
11, rue du Marche - St. Homore, 75001, France).
BEACON
202
Computer manufacture
Configuration of computer systems
The Browser/Editor and Automated CONfigurator is
designed to configure hard disks and tape drives to the user's
particular needs. The assembly of the configuration is tedious and
error-prone and is governed by a complex set of rules.
It is based on a knowledge environment called KNET which is a semantic
network with inheritance. The configurator performs an "ordered walk"
through the knowledge base, where component configurations are defined by
experts. At each stage the user can revise configuration specifications
since the system is interactive. The system does not permit invalid choices
regarding items and quantities. The system is also linked tothe products
database which contains pricing and bundling information.
Unisys, Paoli Research Center
USA
Quintus
Unisys 5000/70
BEARING
42
Mechanical Engineering
The BEARING program provides a mechanical engineer with
computer-aided selection of rolling bearings.
The BEARING program is a mechanical engineer's
workplace. This program asks bearing working conditions and selects
the most suitable bearings. Its database includes data of the widely-
used bearings in the world (FAG; NTN; SKF; TIMKEN). The BEARING
program has graphical interface; mouse support and help features.
The BEARING program consists of 70 seperate bearing selection programs (one
for each type). The engineer can select suitable bearing of the given bore
diameter for defined load and working conditions.
Andres Lomp
J/V IE Software.
Estonia
LPA Prolog Professional 3.0.
C; dbase III
40 000 lines in PROLOG
150 new predicates
IBM PC
Sold Product
Released
1990
Mechanical engineers
Magazine"Design News"
BinProlog
78
Programming Language Implementation
Prolog Compiler
BinProlog is a fast (180 KLIPS on Sparc ELC) and small
(49K emulator) Prolog compiler, written in a side-effect-free subset of
Prolog, based on the transformation of Prolog to binary definite clauses.
The compilation technique is similar to the Continuation Passing Style
transformation used in some ML implementations.
Dr. Paul Tarau
Universite de Moncton
Canada
BinProlog 1.24
C (30%)
2675
242
sparc,sun3 (SunOs), 386 with go32 DOS-extender
Free/Public Domain
Released
10/91
200
Mars 10, 1992
@inproceedings{Tarau90:PLILP,
title={{E}lementary {L}ogic {P}rograms},
author={Paul Tarau and Michel Boyer},
pages={159--173},
editor={P. Deransart and J. Ma{\l}uszy{\'n}ski},
booktitle={Proceedings of Programming Language Implementation and
Logic Programming},
year=1990,
month=Aug,
publisher={Springer},
series={Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
keywords={Logic Programming},
number=456}
@inproceedings{Tarau91:JAP,
title={A Simplified Abstract Machine for the Execution of
Binary Metaprograms},
author={Paul Tarau},
pages={119--128},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Logic Programming Conference'91},
year=1991,
month=Sep,
publisher={ICOT, Tokyo}}
@inproceedings{Tarau91:RU,
title={Program Transformations and {WAM-support} for the
Compilation of Definite Metaprograms},
author={Paul Tarau},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Russian Conference of Logic
Programming},
year=1991,
month=Sep,
publisher= {Springer}}
Biomarker
426
Geochemistry for Oil Exploration.
Expert system to help geochemists determine the
depositional environment of a rock or oil sample.
This is an expert system designed to help
geochemists
determine what environment, e.g. marine or delta, existed when the
source rock for a sample was laid down. This is based on gas
chromatography/mass spectrometry data. The system provides extensive
hierarchical window-based
explanations. The knowledge is represented in a strictly logical way;
great use is made of meta-level representation and reasoning.
Dave Wolstenholme (Computing), Nigel Goodwin
(Geochemistry).
BP Research.
UK.
LPA MacProlog.
5000
252
Macintosh II
In-house
Released
9/90
10
4/92
Wolstenholme, D.E. and Goodwin, N.,
Identification of geological environment taking an
explanation-intensive and meta-level approach. In: Procs. Avignon 91 -
11th International Conference on Expert Systems and their Applications.
EC2, 1991.
BIS/Estimator System
92
Data Processing management
The BIS/Estimator system provides estimates for all
phases of development of a data processing application from the initial
feasibility study down to the fielding of the implemented system.
BIS/estimator allows the use of five different estimating methods, which
can be divided into two main categories: soft and hard. Each phase of the
project can be analysed in detail at different levels. This makes it
possible to produce cost estimates for the whole project, the individual
phases or any task within a particular phase. The output from the program
is a set of reports which include high-level project summaries, estimates
at project, phase and task levels and reports which contain the data on
which the estimates are based. These estimates can be loaded directly into
other systems such as Lotus 1-2-3 or Project Manager Workbench (PMW). There
is a close relationship between the number of outputs the system produces
and the effor required to produce these reports. This makes it possible to
produce a high-level, soft, cost estimate before carrying out even a
feasibility study. The hard estimates which allow easy comparisons between
the new project and a selection of old projects can provide a useful
framework for calibrating the costing of new projects. BIS/Estimator can
explain its estimates using heuristic knowledge encoded in rules associated
with each task. It also draws expertise from a number of other sources,
including statistical knowledge, scheduling, and mathematical techniques
such as the Function Point Analysis method.
BIS Applied Systems Ltd.
UK
LPA Prolog Professional
C
IBM PC
Sold Product
Released
BUP
248
computational linguistics
parsing of natural language
A bottom-up parser for natural language.
GALOP was developed from this (see Fuchi, Furukawa, 1986)
Y. Matsumoto et al
ICOT
Japan
Y. Matsumoto, H. Tanak, H. Hirakawa, H. Miyoshi, H.
Yasukawa: BUP A Bottom-up parser embedded in Prolog. New Generation
Computing.
Bus-guide
111
Transport information
An interactive information terminal for Public Transport users
Submitted to PAC. Paper 504
Le Dizes
France
Prolog II
"Sun, Mac IICX"
6/11/91
BUT
112
PLAN
A Prolog-Based Expert System for Underground Illumination in
Coal Mines
Submitted to PAC. Paper 251
Burgard, Luttrinhaus, Plumer
Germany
LPA Prolog.
PC MS-DOS
25/10/91
CAD tools in electronic engineering
289
To apply logic programming for CAD tools in electronic
engineering
The system consists of two main modules:
- a module for supporting the design and checking of printed circuit
boards;
- a module that synthesises circuits for given Boole-functions.
K. Pastrone-Varga
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
K. Pastrone-Varga (1981)
A solution of a CAD problem in PROLOG.
In Workshop of Logic Programming for Intelligent Systems, 1981
Los Angeles,California,US.
CAD tools in mechanical engineering
287
CAD
To provide a set of CAD tools for mechanical engineering
The system explores PROLOG for the following
submodules:
-modelling machine parts with the aim of helping classification of
machine parts;
-supporting design of production control system: scheduling a shop-
floor level production control of an integrated manufacturing system;
-designing fixtures from a bounded set of elements.
J. Farkas, J.Fileman, A. Markus, Z. Markusz
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
J. Farkas, J.Fileman, A. Markus, Z. Markusz (1982)
Fixture design by PROLOG.
MICAD-82,Paris,France.
B.E. Molnar, A. Markus (1981)
Logic programming in the modelling of machine parts.
Proc. of Compcontrol'81, Varna,Bulgaria.
CADRAN
311
CAD.
Transformation of CAD Data.
The systems transforms data between different CAD
systems.
Complex design projects often require the combination of several CAD
systems (Design, simulation, Finite Elements). The transformation of data
between these CAD systems is crucial to the success of the design project.
Due to the lack of standard-interfaces, especially in 3D Systems, an
automatical transfer of data was not possible. With the CADRAN system it
is now possible to transfer data from one CAD system to another without the
loss of information, even if both systems do not have the same
functionality and complexity. The core of CADRAN is a knowledge -based
system written in PROLOG. It incorporates transformation rules how to
represent objects in various CAD systems.
Dr. Uwe Crenze.
Interface Computer GmbH.
Germany.
IF/PROLOG.
FORTRAN.
DEC 3100
Sold Product
Released
10/90
5
14/02/92
Wissensbasierter Datenaustausch zwischen CAD-
Systemen CIM 5/92.
R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich.
Calculation of Physico-chemical Parameters
275
Pharmaceutical industry
To calculate the physico-chemical parameters for drug design
purposes
The system calculates the physico-chemical parameters for
drug design purposes. In computer aided drug design, a considerable part of
the calculations is based on the so-called logP value of components, a
value indicating their lipophillic character.
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
F. Darvas, I.Futo, P. Szeredi (1978)
Some application of theorem proving based in QSAR: automatic
calculation of molecular properties and automatic interpretation of
quantitative structure-activity relationships.
Proc. of the symposium on Chemical Structure -
Biological activity: Quantitative approaches, Suhl, Germany,
Akademie Verlag, Berlin, 1978, pp. 251-257.
CAPS - Computer Aided process Scheduling
24
Intelligent Databases
Shop Floor planning; scheduling and monitoring
CAPS is a system for production shop floor planning. It
operates as an intelligent front end to MRP/MPS production planning systems
for Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM); with an interface to shop
floor data aquisition equipment. CAPS Represents a new development in
production shop floor planning; where logical constraints on processes and
resources are combined with rules from an expert system. These rules are
suited for each production plant and represent specific knowledge of how to
create and revise production plans.
Kim Thorshoej; Lars Henrik Jacobsen
Prolog Development Center
Denmark
PDC Prolog
>10.000
<100.000
OS/2 PM
Sold Product
Released
09/91
10
01/92
CAPTAINS
476
Scheduling.
Pilot scheduling for airlines.
Scheduling of Pilots, instructors and other critical
resources, like simulators, on a medium to long-term scale. The program is
capable of incorporating large numbers of constraints, such as flight
staff union rules, safety regulations and annual leave rights.
Large team effort.
Syllogic.
Netherlands.
BIM Prolog (OEMed by IBM).
SQL (Oracle), Xwindows + motif, Syllogic Knowledge Sheet,
C, Operations Research Lib.
110.000
4.500
IBM RISC System 6000.
Licensed
Released
September 1992.
10
25 november 1992.
CARE-X25 (version included in RETAT)
512
Telecom Network Design & Planning.
Propose minimal cost equipments for nodes and links an X25
private network according to X25 needs and engineering constraints.
A network study with CARE-X25 (included in RETAT
tool) to:
-verify the X25 market equipments and data transmission links
characteristics and tariffs,
-verify the engineering constraints : minimal equipment and
estension, maximal load,
-choose minimal cost links and X25 switch equipments according to
nodes and links loads,
-list links and X25 equipments proposed for the network with their cost.
H. FREI
H. FREI
France.
Prolog II+-Prolog 1A
9400
680
MacOS-Syst7 on MacII (68030)
Windows 3.1 on PC-386
Licensed
Released
5/91
50
2/93
L'echo des recherches No 141-3eme trimestre 1990
"Planification du reseau interne de France Telecom" Pages 51 -60.
DICET/SMG - Centre National d'Etudes des Telecommunications 38-40, rue du
General Leclerc - 92 131 Issy-les Moulineaux.
CAS/FPS - Computer-Aided Synthesis of Flexible Production
Scheduling.
488
Production Planning and Scheduling of Multiproduct (Batch)
Plants.
Multicriteria design and control of flexible
multiproduct
(batch) plants by computer-aided synthesis of the production plans and
schedules from the possible building elements.
In the traditional methods of synthesizing the
multicriteria
suboptimal production plans and schedules, the possible variants are
represented by the partial structures of a previously defined
superstructure. The problem size is limited by the combinatorial
explosion accompanying the heuristically controlled systematic
search. Exact optimization is generally addressed using various
methods of the operational research. The multicriteria situations
should be described by a single aggregated goal function,
supplemented by optional limiting constraints.
In the PROLOG represented structural models the various
solutions are synthesized from the "free" active and passive
elements of the structural model. The memory requirement and the
combinatorial complexity can be reduced by the use of prototypes,
describing "blank" activities and variable or virtual storage.
The multicriteria evaluation can be carried out without any a
priori aggregation or ranking of the individual goals and
constraints. A set of flexibly modifiable suboptimal variants can be
synthesized and the subjective human decisions can also be taken
into consideration.
The structural models are described by dynamically declared clauses
determining the activities and storage, while the various tasks are
executed by the general kernel definitions of the metainterpreter
operating above these databases. The activities and storage functions can
be created, modified and deleted either through a user-friendly
interface or by the support of a full-screen editor. The core
definitions can be supplemented by the user-defined includes.
Bela Csukas, Zoltan Kozar, Rozalia Lakner, Gabor
Wittinger
University of Veszprem, supported by the Hungarian
Basic Research Grant N OTKA-2550.
Hungary.
TURBOPROLOG 2.0 ; PDC PROLOG 3.31
Can also be implemented in object oriented languages.
4000
500
PC/AT 386
Evaluation
12/1989
20
12/1993
Csukas B., Kozar Z., Arva P.: Multicriteria
Evaluated PROLOG
Synthesizing Algorithms, Comput. Chem. Engng., 13, 595-602 (1989).
Csukas B., Lakner R., Wittinger G.: Multicriteria Suboptimal
Design and Control of Flexible (Batch) Plants. In: L. Puigjaner
and A. Espuna Eds.: Computer Oriented Process Engineering,
Process Technology Proceedings 10, Elsevier, Amsterdam-London-New
York-Tokio, 1991, pp. 341-346
CASEy
82
expert system, manufacturing
Expert System that guides shop floor personnel in the
correct usage of electrical process specifications.
Connector Assembly Specifications Expert provides
the detailed assembly instructions for terminating wire into
electrical interconnects such as connectors, terminal lugs, splices,
etc. It provides a prioritized list of authorized tools, settings,
materials and procedures (with graphics) needed to perform the task.
In practice the system reduces the time for an operator to assemble a set
of instructions from 42 to 5 minutes.
Bill McClay, G. Craig Johnson, R. Howard Mitchell,
Dennis Hegedus, Michael Easter, Steve Miller,
Max Robinson
Boeing Computer Services
USA
Quintus 3.1
1,000 lines of C
104,000 lines of Prolog
approximately 25,000
Sun 4, VAX, RS6000
In-house
Released
November 1986
Shop floor personnel
March 18, 1992
"Harnessing Detailed Assembly Process Knowledge"
presented at the Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial
Intelligence, March 1989, sponsored by the American Association of
Artificial Intelligence
Cast Component
210
Manufacturing design
Optimise component design time in motor industry and check
casting
The system works on a 3-dimensional grid
representation of a component to check manufacturing requirements. It
simulates the component cooling, predicts possible casting defects
which are diplayed in 3-D. The operator can then modify the casting's
characteristics to eliminate the defects, or the expert system can
indicate this automatically.
The original conventional computerised method required several days to run,
but recent progress has reduced this to just a few minutes.
Renault Motor Co.
France
Delphia
13,000 lines C
12,000
work station
CAT2
452
Fully automatic translation of informative texts;
emphasis has been on European Commission texts, as well as general purpose
texts.
Multilingual machine translation.
CAT2 is a unification-based natural language
processing (NLP) system, designed for analysis, generation and
translation of natural language sentences. It embodies a particular
formalism for NLP, as well as a grammar development environment. The
formalism is similar to PATR-II, in which linguistic information is
represented by sets of attribute-value pairs, in positive, negative,
disjunctive, or implicative relation. Translations are defined as
tree-to-tree transductions. As a development tool, it includes means
for loading and unloading grammars, reading/writing
texts/translations from/to terminal or file, creating linguistic
objects as well as displaying,
deleting, storing, retrieving and comparing them. Grammars have been
written for English, German, French, Spanish, with experimental versions
for Russian, Greek, and Japanese.
Randall Sharp.
IAI (Institute for Applied Informatics).
Germany.
SICStus 2.1
Approximate number of lines of Prolog.
350
UNIX; system has been developed on SUN Workstations.
Prototype
October 26, 1992.
Sharp, R. (1988). "CAT2-- Implementing a Formalism
for Multi-Lingual MT". Proceedings of the 2nd
International Conference on Theoretical & Methodological Issues in
Machine Translation of Natural Language, Pittsburgh, PA.
Sharp, R. (1991). "CAT2: An Experimental Eurotra
Alternative". Machine Translation 6:215--228.
CATS/DIANA
230
Electronic diagnosis
diagnosis of analog electronic circuits
The system uses model based diagnosis, in which a
model of the correct behaviour of different components of the system
using a structural description of the system is compared with
observations. Any conflicts between these two can be analysed,
without needing explicit lists of possible faults.
CATS is a general conflict recognition program designed for
continuous dynamic systems: values of physical quantities are
represented by interval arrays to take into account both dynamic
aspects and uncertainty.
DIANA is the application to analog electronic circuits, providing a
library of models of electronic components, an incremental
description interface and a connection to CATS entry points.
Conclusive industrial experiments have been carried out on hybrid
(digital/analog) boards and on the electric power subsystem of a satellite.
IBM Paris Scientific Center, Dassault Electronique
France
IBM Prolog and IPW
370, OS/2
In-house
Evaluation
CELLBUILDER. It comprises several programs, the main one of
which (and the only one using Prolog) was called cellmapper.
482
Communications
To generate optimal cell layouts for the cell library of the
Crosspoint CP20K family of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), starting
from a transistor- or gate-level schematic.
Of me, or the program?
Howard A. Landman
One translator program was written by John McDonald.
At time of program development: Crosspoint
Solutions, Inc.
Currently: HaL Computer Systems, Inc.
USA
Initial feasibility testing was done using public domain
Prolog on an IBM PC. When the limits of this systems were reached, I
switched to CProlog on a SPARCstation.
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long ***È
Somewhat over half the system was written in Perl. The
cellmapper program is structured as an "oracle machine", with a Perl
top level communicating with a Prolog "oracle" through a pair of
pipes. This was a nice mix of languages: The fabulous I/O and text
processing capabilities of Perl allowed me to ignore the rather lame
I/O of Prolog to a large extent and focus the Prolog engine entirely
on search problems. Meanwhile, Perl took care of all the file
munging, text
formatting, error handling, etc.
This division of labor not only enforced a clear modular structure, but had
the minor advantage that on a multiprocessor, the Perl portion and the
Prolog portion could run on different processors. This gives a speedup
which ranges from negligible (for large cells with few solutions, which are
compute-bound in Prolog) to perhaps 25% (for small cells with many
solutions, which exercise the Perl portion more).
A couple thousand each of hand-coded Perl and Prolog, plus a
fair amount of Prolog "facts" which were generated automatically by Perl
scripts from various databases.
A reasonably complete description of the system is
available inside Crosspoint, but unfortunately it is proprietary at the
moment. I may try to write this up for publication soon.
SPARC + Sunos.
First prototype, June or July 1991.
Replaced human cell designer, August 1991
First customer ship of cell library built with system, February
1992
The author, and other members of Crosspoint's Design
Technology group.
Chemical Information System
272
Chemistry
Provide logic based tools for the chemical domain
The system used in combination with fortran programs that
aid statistical calculations on chemical structures. Prolog is then used to
supply inference based on the properties of these chemical and biological
structures. The system provides an environment for uniform knowledge
representation and information handling of structures and properties.
F. Darvas, I. Futo, J.Szeredi, J. Redei, J. Bendl, P.
Koves.
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
F. Darvas, I. Futo, J.Szeredi, J. Bendl, P. Koves
(1978)
A PROLOG based drug design system.
Proc. of the Conf. of Programming Systems '78.
Szeged (Hungary), 1978, pp.119-126.
F. Darvas, I. Futo, J.Szeredi, J. Redei (1979)
A Logic based chemical Information System -
theoretical considerations and experiences.
Proc. of National Conf of Von Neumann Computer Science Society,
Szeged (Hungary), 1979, pp. 92-96.
Chemical resource allocation
257
Manufacturing planning
resource allocation in chemical plants
The system allocates equipment to some given set of
processes. This performs orders of magnitude faster than some other
constraint satisfaction techniques.
David A. Rosenblueth
IIMAS ?
Mexico
D.A. Rosenblueth: Intervals as Domains for solving
Resource-Allocation problems in a chemical plant. Abstracts of poster
sessions, Int. Conference on Practical Application of Prolog, London 1992.
ChemiSafe
23
Intelligent Databases
Handling of directions for use for hazardous chemicals
ChemiSafe is used to produce directions-for-use and
labels for hazardous chemicals according to the complex rules for
standardized risk and safty marking.
Henrik Zangenberg
Prolog Development Center
Denmark
PDC Prolog
10.000
<100.000??
DOS
Sold Product
Released
05/88
100
01/92
CK Expert Modeller
186
Design
To interpret and manipulate data from the CK cognitive Modeller
system
Rodney Myers
Hodgson Myers Associates
UK
LPA Prolog Professional
IBM PC
Sold Product
Released
CLARE/CLE
360
Natural Language Processing, particularly interactive.
A research system for the interactive analysis and generation
of natural language.
contact SRI for further details.
Researchers at SRI International Cambridge.
SRI International, DTI, BP, BP and DRA.
UK.
Quintus 3.1, 2.5.
C (
< 1%).
100,000.
5000.
Sun and other.
Licensed
Prototype
6/1991
3
4/1992
Alshawi, H. (ed.) "The Core Language Engine", MIT
Press,
Cambridge, Mass. 1992.
CLIENT RISK MANAGEMENT
389
Risk handling in Bank front office, middle office and central
office.
Minimize risk in Day-to-Day operations with client companies in
banking institution.
Expert system for global treatment of risk under
development for Banc Sabadell.
Xavier Fustero, Xavier Orteu.
AIA
Spain
PDC Prolog 3.31 for Windows.
C
unknown.
unknown.
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS
Delivery PC 386 / MS DOS and Windows
Sold Product
07/92
CLINT
113
Learning
An Overview of the Interactive concept-Learner Theory Revisor
Submitted to PAC. Paper 375
Raedt, and Bruynooghe
Belgium
LPA MacProlog
Apple Macintosh II
6/11/91
Cobol Program Generator
279
Software applications
To generate Cobol Programs for data processing
The system generates Cobol Programs according to
the standards of SZKI. The generated programs solve data processing
problems of the following types:
-listing data files
-data maintenance
-merging two data files
-validation of primary input data
The structure of the input/output data maintained by the generated Cobol
programs and the work to be done can be specified by uniform parameters.
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
I. Futo, J.Szeredi, J. Redei (1979)
Generating COBOL programs complying with the COLAMI standards.
User's manual.
SzKI report, 1979.
COMANDOS
114
OO
A Prolog Object Oriented Persistent Environment
Submitted to PAC. Paper 244
A. El Habbash et al
Ireland
C-Prolog
25/10/91
COMBAT
319
Simulation.
Simulation of a ground-air battle.
This application uses CHIP to assign missile launchers to
attacking planes in a simulation of a ground-air battle. A scenario is
generated graphically by the user by placing radar units and defence
batteries around a target. Then, the user places attacking planes
configurations with their anticipated strike paths. The system is then
able to simulate the attack scenario based upon this configuration.
COSYTEC
CLP Software and Services.
France
C X11
SUN/HP/IBM/DIGITAL workstations
PC 386/486 UNIX DOS
In-house
Evaluation
12/91
03/92
M. Dincbas, P. VAn Hentenryck, H. Simonis, A.
Aggoun, T. Graf, F. Berthier, The Constraint Logic Programming
Language CHIP.
In Proc. of The Int. Conf. on Fifth Generation Computer Systems, p693-702.
Tokyo, Japan, November 1988.
COMMUNAL
115
The COMMUNAL Project
Submitted to PAC. Paper 82
Tim F O'Donoghue
Conceptual Graph Editor (CGE)
417
Knowledge Representation.
To easily edit and build conceptual graph knowledge bases.
CGE is a graphical interface to the Conceptual
Graph Tools (see the CGT entry) for X Windows environments.
Multiple windows may be opened on the same graph
database. Each window is an editor which uses
simultaneously the graphical and linear notation. CGE makes use of
the mouse, menus, buttons, dialog boxes,
etc. to provide the user *only* with the operations
supported by CGT, which are higher-level than primitive
operations like "draw an arrow". As such, at any given
time, the displayed graphs are canonical (in the sense of
Sowa's theory). CGE can be considered to be a "syntax-oriented"
editor.
CGE uses the Graph Widget which is responsible for the
actual display of the graphs. CGE only works with X
Prolog which provides declarative access to the X Windows
Toolkit through the Widget Description Language (widget =
window gadget; X Windows terminology for "graphical
object").
Michel Wermelinger.
AI Centre/UNINOVA.
Portugal.
Quintus X Prolog 2.4
C (used to program the Graph Widget and X Prolog).
1700 (not including CGT code).
106
VAX, Ultrix 3.1
Personal
Prototype
February 1991
1
February 1992
Salvador Abreu
ALPES X-Prolog Programming Manual,
Centro de Intelig\^encia Artificial, UNINOVA, 1989
Paulo Quaresma,
Graph Widget: A Tool for Automatic Data Visualization, Technical
Report RT-6/91-CIUNL, April 1991
Centro de Informatica da Universidade Nova de Lisboa
see also CGT entry
Conceptual Graph Tools (CGT)
416
Knowledge Representation.
to have a partial implementation of Sowa's Conceptual
Structures.
As Sowa puts it, Conceptual Structures "are a
system of
logic with a graph based formalism that aims for a very wide
expressive power. Its primary purpose is to serve as an intermediate
language between natural language and other
formalisms including database query languages [...] and
predicate calculus."
CGT includes predicates to implement the most important
operations on conceptual graphs, like the canonical
formation rules and the propositional inference rules. CGT
reads and writes conceptual graphs using their linear
notation. It also provides facilities to manipulate graph
databases. A sample one comes with CGT.
Michel Wermelinger.
AI Centre/UNINOVA
Portugal.
Quintus Prolog 2.4
(should work with any "Edinburgh" Prolog with minor
modifications).
none.
3679 (including comments;
193
VAX, Ultrix 3.1 (or any other having a fairly "standard" Prolog
system)
Personal
Prototype
February 1991
1
February 1992
John F. Sowa,
Conceptual Structures: Information Processing in Mind
and Machine, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1984.
Michel Wermelinger,
GET: Graph Editor and Tools---The Incomplete Reference, Tecnical
Report RT-3/91-CIUNL, January 1991,
Centro de Informatica da Universidade Nova de Lisboa.
Michel Wermelinger,
GET - Some Notes on the Implementation, Tecnical Report RT-4/91-
CIUNL, January 1991, Centro de Informatica da Universidade Nova de
Lisboa
Michel Wermelinger,
GET: An Implementation of Conceptual Graphs, Tecnical Report RT-5/91-
CIUNL, January 1991,
Centro de Informatica da Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Michel Wermelinger and Gabriel Pereira Lopes,
A Tool for Knowledge Acquisition and Representation
based on Conceptual Graphs, Published in Portuguese in the
Proceedings of the Eighth Brazilian AI Symposium,
November 1991.
CONSULT
116
CAD
Object-Oriented Interactive CAD/CAM Programming in Prolog
Submitted to PAC. Paper 502
Jarmo T Alander
Finland
Turbo
PC
31/10/91
Contralto
117
Transport
Constraint Reasoning applied to Logistics of Transport
Organisations
Submitted to PAC. Paper 503
Le Dizes
France
Prolog III
6/11/91
CONTRALTO
172
Transport planning
To help freight transporters find a solution which best matches
demand and usage constraints
CONsTraint Reaasoning Appliged to Logistics for
Transport Organisations
Demand constraints are specified by the physical characteristics
(type, weight, height) and other characteristics such as delivery
date, cost, origin-destination.
Bidding constraints include the loading of vehicles, routing, as
well as other constraints such as departure times, with respective
delays, the compatibility of loads, the availability of material and
personnel, regulations.
C. Guimaraes, J-M Le Dizes
Cete-Méditerranée
France
Prolog III
In-house
Evaluation
Coronary Network reconstruction
237
Medical investigation
3-D reconstruction and labelling of coronary networks from X-
ray projections
The program reconstructs a three-dimensional image
of coronary networks from two simultaneous X-Ray projections. The
procedures in the reconstruction-labelling process deal with the
correction of distortion, the detection of centre-lines and
boundaries, the derivation of 2-D branch segments whose extremities
are branching, crossing or end points and the 3-D reconstruction and
display.
All algorithmic components of the reconstruction were written in the C
language, whereas the model and resolution processes were represented by
predicates and production rules in Prolog. The user interface, which
includes a main panel with associtated control items, was developed using
Carmen, the Prolog by BIM user interface generator.
M. Garreau, C. Chardenon, A. Rougée, J.L. Coatrieux
General Electric, University of ?
France
Prolog by BIM
In-house
Prototype
COTORRA
383
Train dispatching.
Assistance for the operator in charge of trains line
information in order to improve the service quality.
System for assisting the dispatching information operator
at the Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat Catalunya. System under installation.
Xavier Orteu and programmers team.
AIA
Spain
PDC Prolog 3.3 for Windows.
C
5205
150
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS
Delivery PC 386 /MS DOS and WIndows
Sold Product
Evaluation
8/92
07/1992
CPE
41
Knowledge Based Programming
Automation of Programming
Engineering Problems
CPE is a knowledge programming environment. It supports
different programming styles: logic programming; constraint
programming;
object-oriented programming; database programming; etc.
CPE (Conceptual Programming Environment) includes
tools for representing; interpreting; intergrating and testing the
different knowledge sources: graphical objects; deterministic
constraints; production rules; data tables; online help; diagrams;
reports; etc. The knowledge listed above are represented in PROLOG;
interpreted by metaprograms and integrated by a blackboard.
CPE is being used in the J/V IE Software.
The conceptual programming method in PROLOG was developed in 1987. CPE was
designed in 1988 and its prototype was implemented in 1989. Versions 1. and
2. were implemented in 1990 and 1991. CPE was developed and it is supported
by one programmer.
Andres Lomp
J/V IE Software joint venture between the Institute of
Cybernetics (Estonia) and the TIW Systems (USA)
Estonia
LPA Prolog Professional 3.0.
C
15000 lines in PROLOG
150 new predicates
IBM PC; MS DOS
In-house
Evaluation
02.04.1990
Andres Lomp; Peep Eomois. Object-Oriented Programming in
CPE. In: Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Programming Languages and
Software Tools. Pirkkala; Finland; August 21-23; 1991.
CPLAN
317
Planning.
Project management system.
CPLAN is an intelligent decision support system for
solving project managment tasks. The system takes into account precedence
and distance constraints between tasks as well as the complex resource
constraints induced by scarce resources.
COSYTEC
CLP Software and Services.
France.
CHIP
C X11
2000
SUN/HP/IBM/DIGITAL workstations
PC 386/486 UNIX DOS
In-house
Prototype
01/92
2
03/92
M. Dincbas, P. Van Hentenryck, H. Simonis, A.
Aggoun, T. Graf, F. Berthier, The Constraint Logic Programming
Language CHIP.
In Proc. of The Int. Conf. on Fifth Generation Computer Systems, p693-702.
Tokyo, November 1989.
CPPRO
478
Test Engineering - diagnosis and repair recommendation of
faulty PBX circuit boards.
Circuit Board Diagnostic Troubleshooter Tool.
CPPRO allows a circuit board test engineer to
graphically
build a diagnostic tree composed of nodes and arcs to aid in the
diagnosis and repair of PBX circuit boards. Nodes of the tree
specify diagnostic tasks a technician must perform on the board when
it is plugged into a troubleshooting test set. Nodes also contain
automatic messages sent to the test set to exercise board circuitry.
Leaf nodes contain recommended board repair actions. Arcs emanating from
nodes are labelled with possible answers to the questions asked at the
nodes. When used by the technician, CPPRO executes the diagnostic tree,
asking questions of the technician, specifying probe actions, graphically
displaying valid scope traces and component and pin locations on the
circuit board, and making repair action recommendations.
Dan M. Wages, Russell G. Bulsis, Kevin B. Tanguay, Kent
D. Fishman
AT&T - Denver Works, Denver, Colorado.
U.S.A.
Quintus Prolog Release 3.1.1
Quintus ProWindows 1.2 - SunView Version.
10000
1000
Sun SPARCstation 1+ running SunOS 4.1.1
In-house
Released
9/90
5
11/25/92
CVE
203
Digital design
A tool for symbolic verification of digital circuits
The Circuit Verification Environment is a tool
which applies symbolic techniques to the verification of a digital
circuit. It is based on a new principles that make it completely
reliable and much faster than conventional simulators. The
verification procedure realised by CVE computes the output behaviour
of a digital circuit as boolean functions of the inputs. Sequential
circuits are treated as finite automata.
At present CVE can handle ASICs with up to several tens of thousands
of cells - typical for the functional blocks in today's ASICs, or up
to approximately 15,000 transistors in full custom circuits.
CVE includes a compiler for EDIF netlists and for the CN format of SIGRAPH-
EL as well as several cell library descriptions.
R Schmid, E. Tidén
Germany
SNI (Siemens)
C
SICOMP WS30 workstation under SR 10
R. Schmid, E. Tidén. Verifying ASICs by Symbolic
simulation. in European ASIC 90 Conference proceedings, IEEE order no.
2066. Paris 1990.
D- PROLOG
298
Prolog interpreter with Edinburgh syntax
D-Prolog is a prolog interpreter with Edinburgh syntax
developed inside DCL to allow full interoperability among C, common Lisp,
Clos and Prolog.
Delphi S.p.A.
Delphi S.p.A.
Italy
C/CL/CLOS
Sun with Sundos 4.x
PC 386/486 with SCO/ODT 1.0
Sold Product
Released
1/1/91
80
02/12/91
Article by Messrs. Saracco & Gaspari
DACH (Datenverarbeitung am Computer zu Hause)
470
Training
Tutorial for office communication and long distance training.
Dr Hans Juergen Schlaesser.
German Ministry of Education and Science.
Germany.
PDC Prolog 3.3 (Windows).
C
10.000
80286, MSDOS 4.0
Licensed
Evaluation
8/92
DAMOCLES - Damage Monitoring and Control Expert System.
329
Damage control, fire-fighting, stability and buoyancy.
Damocles is supposed to aid a damage control officer aboard a
Standard frigate of the Royal Netherlands Navy.
TNO Physics and Electronics Laboratory, in collaboration
with the NBCD School of the Royal Netherlands Navy, has developed Damocles,
a Damage Monitoring and Control Expert System. The main purpose of the
Damocles project has been the development of a prototype expert system
which supports the damage control (DC) officer aboard Standard frigates in
maintaining the operational availability of the vessel by safeguarding it
and its crew from the effects of weopons, collisions, extreme weather
conditions and other calamities. Basically DC-management includes the
classical command and control cycle: status maintenance, situation
assessment, planning, tasking and evaluation. An important way of making
the total DC-organisation more effective is to improve the quality of the
decisionmaking process by providing automated decision aids to the DC-
officer in addition to the information processing and presentation
facilities already available. This applies especially to damage assessment
and planning.
Command and Control Group of the TNO Physics and
Electronics Laboratory.
Sponsored by the Royal Netherlands Navy.
The Netherlands.
Quintus Prolog 3.1, Quintus ProWINDOWS 1.2
None.
68,997
2,069
Sun
In-house
Prototype
1988
07/92
Bruin, J., M. Perre and J.J.C.R. Rutten, Damocles,
een relationeel expertsysteem, In: Proceedings AI Toepassingen '88,
w.pl., 1988, NGI-SIC, p. 217-219, Dutch.
Bruin, J., and J.J.C.R. Rutten, Intelligent Decision Support for
Warship Damage Control, In: Expert systems and their applications,
Avignon, 1988, European Coordinating Committee for Artificial
Intelligence.
Leeuwen, E.W.A. van, and J.J.C.R. Rutten, Beslissingsondersteuning
met kennissystemen, In: Syllabus studiedag 'Instrumentele
procesbeveiliging', w.pl.,1991, NIRIA/Kivi, Dutch.
Leeuwen, E.W.A. van, DAMOCLES hulpmiddel bij calamiteiten aan boord
van schepen, In: TNO Magazine Toegepaste Wetenschap, w.pl., 1991,
TNO, volume 7, p. 40-43, Dutch.
Leeuwen, Ing. E.W.A. van, and ir. J.J.C.R. Rutten, Het zwaard van
Damocles gekeerd, In: i2- Procestechnologie, Amsterdam, 1991
Ingenieurspers B.V., volume 10, p. V1-V6, Dutch.
Leeuwen BSc, Ed W.A. van, and Michael Perre MA, DAMOCLES: an expert
system for damage control management aboard standard frigates, In:
Proceedings Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge-based Systems for
Space, Noordwijk, 1991, ESA/ESTEC, volume1.
Leeuwen, Ed van, Kennissystemen om het hoofd boven water te kunnen
houden, In: Kennissystemen, Rijswijk, 1992, Stam Tijdschriften BV,
volume 7/8, p. 19-21, Dutch.
Perre, M., and J.J.C.R. Rutten, Damocles voor de 'damage control'
organisatie op een marineschip, In Kennissystemen, Rijswijk, 1990,
Stam Tijdschriften BV, volume 4, p. 15- 17, Dutch.
Perre, M., J.J.C.R. Rutten and D.L. Mols, Damocles: An expert system for
damage control aboard Standard frigates, In: Proceedings Ninth Ship
Control Systems Symposium, Bethesda (USA), 1990, p. 2.101-2.109.
DART
7
Analysis of concurrent programs
To facilitate the deadlock analysis of concurrent programs.
Concurrent programs often have a huge number of
states; a fact that makes their analysis extremely difficult and
sometimes impossible. DART is a system that has been developed in
order to reduce the effort required for a specific analysis problem;
namely deadlock detection. The system transforms the concurrent
program into a Petri net model and uses techniques from Petri net
theory to reduce the size of the model. The new model of the initial
program; contains the same deadlock information but has substantially
less states. DART has been
implemented in Prolog and has been used to efficiently analyze programs
that have several millions of states
P. Rondogiannis and M.H.M. Cheng
University of Victoria
Canada
ALS-Prolog; version 1.01.
1080
140
Sun3/280S; SunOS Unix; release 4.1.1
Personal
Evaluation
July 1991
2 (Has also been requested by another research
institution).
October 25; 1991
P. Rondogiannis and M.H.M. Cheng; "Using Petri net
reduction
techniques to detect Ada static deadlocks"; to appear in The 10th
Annual
National Conference on Ada Technology; Virginia; February 1992.
P. Rondogiannis "Detecting Deadlocks in CCS Agents using Petri net
reduction techniques"; Master's thesis; Dept. of Computer Science;
University of Victoria; 1991.
DAS
224
Financial statistics
Performing statical analysis of financial information
The Data Analysis system includes a visual programming
interface that allows research analysts to build complete 'programs' for
performing statistical analysis of financial information residing in
historical databases. It incorporates a highly integrated programming
environment including maths libraries, a statisical package and a
spreadsheet. Its key component is a declarative graphicsal programming
interface for adding new calculation components to the system during
execution. This entails configuration screens, data translation mechanisms
and module specification and viewing algorithms.
O'Connor Associates, Chicago
USA
Prolog by BIM
C, C++, Fortran maths libraries, S statistical package,
Sybase, graphics package and spreadsheets
Data flow in Parlog
218
Systems design
To model and animate dataflow diagrams to produce a prototype
system
A prototype program can automatically be generated
from an object model of a Data Flow diagram and translated into
Parlog (a declarative parallel logic programming language).
The analyst can then reason about the proposed system using multi-window
trace and debug facilities available in the Parlog environment.
Kevin Steer
Artificial Intelligence Ltd (now Strand?)
UK
Parlog
Unix
Personal
Prototype
K. Steer: Testing Data Flow diagrams with Parlog. ICLP5,
1988, pp96-110.
DATIN
471
Social scientific dataretrieval. Instead of filling data
into
questionaeres it can be done direstly into the computer.
The program can be used in any area where a person
is filing
data on other persons (e.g. like a teacher does on the pupils) and
works instead of a questionaere. After input and retrieval of data
from a disk the data are ready for statistical analysis: ASCII data
and command data are made for SPSS. The program only contains few
features which on the other hand
makes it very stable and easy to use. No specific training is necessary.
DATIN is e.g. being used in residential homes for elderly people.
Hermann Vierke.
Netherlands.
PDC Prolog (formaerly Turbo Prolog 2.0).
1400.
150.
MS-DOS.
Evaluation
August 1989.
August 1992.
DBKUNDAR
352
Customer support and follow-up, for sales people.
Customer database for logging sales of a commercial program.
To log sales of a program, with separately sold
accessories, enable searching in the database, and producing mailinglists
and financial statistics.
Sigve B_
SigveSaker
Norway.
Turbo Prolog 2.0 / PDC Prolog 3.21 + PDC Toolbox.
None.
700
16
MS-DOS.
In-house
Released
12/90
12/08/92
DECIBAC
181
Expert systems
A hybrid expert system tool
The DECIBAC workshop allows a combination of
hierarchically organized objects, multiple inheritance and reflexes
(daemons) with a rulebase, which allows forward and backwards
chaining.
It has a friendly user interface and X-system openness including the
ability to lin Prolog, C or Assembler routines.
France
C, Assembler (including user modules)
PC with MS-DOS and Unix SCO, soon OS/2
Declarative graphics
246
computer graphics
a grammar-based approach to representing graphics declaratively
A set of tools a programming environment for
generating, combining and recognizing pictures. The recognition
process uses constraint techniques.
Tools include a window manager, an interactive picture editor, system for
program animation.
Richard Helm, Kim Marriott
Univ. of Melbourne, Dept Computer Science
Australia
MU-Prolog
Richard Helm, Kim Marriott: Declarative Graphics. ICLP3,
1986. pp513-527
DedChem
84
Organic chemistry
Synthesis planning based on name reactions in organic chemistry
In organic chemistry, syntheses need to be planned
carefully prior to being performed. A synthesis plan contains all the
information that is needed to synthesize a given substance, i.e. the
reactions involved, the order in which the individual reactions are
to be performed, the intermediate substances which are synthesized as
by-products, etc.
DedChem is a system for synthesis planning in organic chemistry. In
DedChem, a deduction component implemented in Prolog computes
synthesis plans from name reactions and substance classes stored in
external databases. DedChem differs from other synthesis planning
systems in two important respects:
- it is based on name reactions instead of concrete reactions, and
- it is designed as a coupled system which accesses a variety of
external relational or higher databases.
DedChem is designed to be able to access a variety of external
databases for practical and legal reasons.
The current version of DedChem features a graphical user interface, a
simple synthesis tree browser, and user-friendly access to the reactions,
substance class and superclass databases.
Christoph Draxler (1)
Roland Kunz (2)
(1) Centre fuer Information- and Speechprocessing
Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich
Leopoldstr. 139
D 8000 Munich
(2) Organic Chemistry Institute
University of Zurich
Winterthurerstr. 190
CH 8057 Zurich
(1) Germany
(2) Switzerland
LPA MacProlog 3.5
Database access languages: SQL and proprietary database
languages
approx. 2000 lines incl. empty lines, one literal per line
Database 20
User Interface 49
Synthesis Planning 7
Auxiliary 8
---
Total 84
Macintosh 1 MB minimum
In-house
Evaluation
Oct 91
prototype versions delivered to
Organic Chemistry Institute Zurich (Kunz)
Polytechnic of North London (Solomonides)
University of California San Diego (Wibke)
Technical University of Vienna (Gottlob)
[Draxler/Bauknecht 90] C. Draxler, K.
Bauknecht: Name Reactions in Organic Chemistry - A New Application
Domain for Deductive Databases DEXA 90 Conf. Vienna, Springer Verlag
1990
[Draxler 91] C. Draxler: DedChem v2.5 Short Reference Manual
CIS, LMU Munich, 1991
[Draxler 92] C. Draxler: DedChem - Synthesis Planning in Organic Chemistry
Poster Session, Practical Applications of Prolog Conference, London 1992
DEFINE BENEFIT STRUCTURE/MODULE of PENSION FUND
VALUATION
PROGRAM
325
Pension Fund Variation.
Selection and Definition of Pension Benefits.
The PROLOG module interacts with an end-user to select
benefits applicable for a category of members. The benefits are defined by
selecting and assigning values to a set of parameters based on information
obtained by user interaction. The resulting benefit structure is written
to an Information database. The PROLOG knowledge base is structured around
a benefit classification tree (frames). The knowledge interpreter is a
standard frames/rules inference engine with an extra layer of domain
specific functionality added.
Gavan Duffy, Andrew Collins, Andrew Langdon.
Bacon and Woudrow.
U.K.
Interface Prolog (IF)
Informix 46L 50%
'C' 25%
UNIX 1%
50,000
2200
Howlett Packard Unix Box
In-house
Released
Not yet/ 07/92
30
23/04/92
DELBOLISM
282
Computer architecture design
Evaluates and tests high level architectures
The system provides computerised support to the
design process of language oriented computer architecture. It can be
used for:
- measuring quantitative factors characterising the effectiveness of
the given architecture;
-the experimental validation of the specified architecture by means
of running test programs;
-measuring the dynamic statistics of the use of the source language.
V. Kiss and G. Simor
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
V. Kiss and G. Simor (1979)
Evaluating the design and experimental testing of high level
architectures -DELBOLISM.
SzKI report, 1979.
DES
200
Electronic manufacture
Diagnostic system to provide early detection of errors in
integrated circuits
The Diagnostic Expert System is used to provide
early detection of errors because of the complexity of the diagnostic
problem and the need to capture the expertise of highly experienced
troubleshooters. It is built using Lirov and Yue's Semantic Control
Paradigm and consists of identifier, goal selector and adaptor
modules. The test engineer specifies the signal path, failure
probabilities and test costs using the identifier. The goal selector
derives the optimal diagnostic/replacement tree. Finally the adaptor
traverses the diagnostic tree and recommends the measurements or
replaces accordingly.
A color display is used to highlight errors of missing or failing parts of
a signal path.
AT&T
USA
Quintus
ProWindows
Unix workstation
In-house
Evaluation
Y. Lirov, O. Yue. Circuit Pack Troubleshooting via
semantic control and goal selection. Proc. Int. Workshop on AI for
Industrial Applications. pp118-122, 1988
DESA - Desassembler of VSLI circuits
418
CAD of VLSI circuits.
Structural abstraction of VLSI. This circuit
desassembler is fully written in prolog and it is part of a set
of programs that perform the abstraction and the
verification of the VLSI circuits.
CAD verification tools employed in BULL make use of
an abstraction process that extracts the structural and functional
specifications of a design from its layout level. A VHDL description
can be obtained at the ending stage of the process.
The recognition of all the basic parts of the design such as
inverters, switches, nand, nor, latches, and others is provided.
Management of the great diversity of models is accuratly
done thanks to an independent base of models.
All the basic cells to be recognized are depicted in the models. The
syntax of these models is the one of prolog and the mechanisms of
recognition are closely linked to the prolog mechanisms of
unification and resolution.
Models can be recursive and are applied on sequence until saturation
on the transistor netlist.
The validity of this approach has been proved as realistic and the
program has been employed for several years on real projects in the
company. An efficient control of the recognition process allows very
large quantities of data to be easily processed.
J.B.Guignet.
BULL S.A.
France
SP-PROLOG
C language (5000 lines).
17000 lines well documented.
5000.
SUN3,SUN4 and all BULL UNIX platforms.
In-house
Released
1986
more than 30 person in 2 Internal projects
26/03/92
AFCET : "Les Utilisations Industrielles du Langage
Prolog"
PARIS FRANCE - 5 Apr 90
EDAC : "The European Conference on Design Automation"
BRUSSELS BELGIUM - 19 March 92
DESBAT
175
Architectural design
Architectural design system
J. Autran, M. Florenzano
Ministre de l"Equipment et du Logement
France
Prolog II
VERSO database developed by INRIA
Macintosh Plus, II, Unix
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long ***È
J.
Autran, M. Florenzano, N. Khayat-Mellah, J. le Maitre, C. Palisser.
Realisation du prototype d'un systme d'aide ˆ la gestion de données pour
l'architecture et le b‰timent. DESBAT - Application ˆ la rédaction du devis
descriptif de b‰timent. Rapport final de recherce GAMSAU - IN.PRO.BAT,
Juillet 1988
Detect5.pro
54
Natural language processing
Didactic tool for second-language teaching
Detect.pro is an error detector and corrector of
badly formed natural language sentences that are entered by a user in
French. The parser is a top-down implementation of Definite Clause
Grammar (DCG) rules. It can identify errors of three types: order of
words, agreement errors and ambiguities. When the parser has detected
an error, it sends an error message and provides a correction for
that error. In the case of ambiguous sentences, the system gives all
possible meanings of that sentence. It also gives the syntactic
structure of the sentence (in parenthetic form), as well as its
optional tree representation.
In second language learning, the student must not only find out where he
made a mistake, but he must also understand why he made that mistake.
André Linden
University of Geneva, Faculty of Humanities
Switzerland
PDC Prolog (version 3.21) and SICstus Prolog
1000
80
AST 386SX and 286 PC under DOS 5.0
In-house
Released
7/91
2/92
DFT Spectral Analysis.
467
Digital Signal Processing Analysis and Simulation.
Compute Power Spectral Density of Complex Sequences.
This program demonstrates the utility and
expressive power
of the Prolog language for digital signal processing analysis and
simulation. At its present state, the program accepts a list of complex
numbers (list of dotted pairs) and produces its power spectral density for
a specified number of frequency points. Underlying the implementation is a
short, clear, and efficient recursive form of the Radix-2 FFT that
implicitly incorporates correct ordering of the spectral output. Of
significance is the fact that this Prolog system supports numerical
computation efficiently not only via is/2, but also by means of real and
complex scalar and vector primitives. In fact, the efficiency of this
program ranges from 0.3 to 0.6 compared to C, depending on how the
arithmetic is implemented.
Sam M. Daniel.
Motorola.
U.S.A.
ALS Prolog.
None.
200.
40.
Motorola 88K Unix V Delta System.
In-house
Evaluation
12/87
3
11/92
DFT Spectral Analysis in Prolog, Motorola Project
Memorandum, PM-70304-0130-01, May 5, 1990.
DIANA
503
Technical Diagnosis (Fault finding in technical
installations).
Diagnostics of technical installations.
A knowledgebased application with the aim of
educating in
technicalfaultfinding.
Rainer Knauf, Thomas Abel.
Germany.
PDC Prolog 3.30
Top Speed Modula 2.0
5300 lines of Prolog, 15300 Lines of Modula.
486 AT, MSDOS 5.0
In-house
Released
mid 1989 (in Turbo Prolog version)
DIAVOLA
372
Mechanical Engineering:Failure Diagnosis,Product Training.
Diagnosis of failed or damaged rolling bearings.
Diavola permits a systematically structured
summarizing of
symptomes and damages on rolling bearings and parts thereof,
summarizing of
operating and assembling conditions. Evidence for failure is deducted
from those symptoms. Evidence and additional questions which the
system may ask are used to perform
hypothesis. Hypothesis belonging to the same field of problems are
collected in a listing together with values for probability.
Explanations as well as recommandations
to prevent from further damage are available on request together with
extensively explained theorie to fiels of problem in question.
Hypothesis are classified in accordance with a treasure value always
being calculated depending on the values of all hypothesis kept in
memory. Hypothesis
have to pass this treasure value in order to be monitored on screen. A
context sensitive help system is provided. Some fotos ease the task to
identify a symptom.
Horst Koehler.
none.
Germany(West).
PDC 3.2 / 3.21 / 3.3 and Toolbox 2.01.
none.
About 1850 lines of PDC Prolog.
About 90.
MS-DOS 3.3 and 5.0,PC-AT,80286/80386DX,true compatible.
Released
1991
August,16th,
1992.
Not yet published,but by the end of 1992 eventually.
DINSA HPP and Stocks
387
Decision support for stocks management.
Optimization of stock management.
Expert system for sales forecasting and optimal stock
management for a product distribution company. Project developed for a firm
of the holding Banesto STA (Servicios de Technologia Avanzada).
Regina Llopis, Frederic Casanovas and programmers team.
AIA
Spain.
PDC Prolog 3.31 for Windows.
C++, Microsoft C
11113
377
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS
Delivery PC 386 / MS DOS and Windows
Sold Product
07/1992
Direct Guide Insurance System
363
Insurance administration.
Administration of private insurance policies issued
through banks.
An insurance system which guides an employee into finding
the best insurance for the client, calculates the premium, and if accepted
transmits the data through a dial-up line to DanGarant, where the main
database is kept. The system does the collection of premiums.
Rune Tendal Kock (primarily).
DanGarant international insurance brokers.
Denmark.
PDC Prolog 3.3
In a very few cases, C, Pascal, and 8086-assembler
have
been used.
23,000
1,100
DOS and OS/2
Released
September 1989
200
July 1st, 1992
DME(Distance Measuring Equipment)SIMULATOR
330
Real Time simulation.
Simulation of single-channel air navigation aid (ATCsystem).
Programs provide for control of DMA hardware simulator.
Interactive PC interface (Prolog) controls 8052 board to simulate
proprietary (antique) real-time bus.
Jai Hakim, Duncan Campbell.
Canadian Marconi Corporation.
Canada.
PDC Prolog.
C, BASIC.
700
100
MSDOS
In-house
Released
01/91
08/92
DOFLEX (Dortmund Flexible Legal Expert System Environment)
310
Exploration of techniques of knowledge based systems to the
legal and planning domain, also hypertext.
The shell DOFLEX has been developed to support creation
and maintanence of legal knowledge bases that have to be updated
frequently. The knowledge base therefore is restricted to propositional
logic. It can be outputted in PROLOG. An interface to JURIS lagerndan
online full text database has been implemented as well as to ORACLE
(amongst other features).
Klans Witulski
University of Dortmund, Dept. of Urban Planning
Germany
IF-PROLOG, ARCLY-P, C-P, QUINTUS-P
~3000
> 100
PC, Workstations
In-house
Prototype
Nov. 1989
~ 5
5/92
K. Witulski: Entwickhing einer Experten system
umgebang, Deutscher Universitats
Verleg, 1989. (English dissertation).
K. Witulski: Improving Access to Legal Information in Document Database in
: M. Schader, Analyzing and Modeling Data and Knowledge, Springer Virlag,
1992.
DOKSI
269
Documentation support
A documentation support system
The system helps in the production of program
documentation or other textual objects according to some preset standards.
It provides means for handling various forms of requirements (e.g. on the
form or content of the text) and the stepwise refinement of the structure
of a document in accordance with the requirements.
I. Fidrich
SzKI
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
I. Fidrich (1980)
User's Guide to program documentation system DOKSI.
SzKI Report, 1980.
Drug interactions system
273
Pharmaceutical Industry
To predict drug interactions in medical treatment
Modification of clinical effects may arise when drugs are
given simultaneously. The so-called drug-interaction constitute an aspect
of medical treatment. The system considers the physico-chemical,
pharmacological and chemical properties of drugs and, starting from these,
infers the possible drug-interactions.
F. Darvas, I.Futo, P.Szeredi
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
F. Darvas, I.Futo, P.Szeredi (1976)
A program for automatic filtering of drug interactions.
Proc. of Cool. on the application of Computing in Medicine and
Biology.
1976, pp 413-422.
F. Darvas, I.Futo, P.Szeredi (1978)
A logic-based system for predicting drug interactions.
International Journal of Biomedical Computing, Vol. 9., 1978, pp.259-
271.
DtoP
234
Manufacturing design
provide an integrated product description through all phases of
manufacturing from conception to manufacture
Design to Product was a demonstrator for AI
techniques in all aspects of manufacturing.
The total project used 200 man years and £9m funding.
Edinburgh University, Loughborough, GEC, Lucas CAV
UK
POPLOG
Common Lisp, Pop-11, C, Fortran
DUALS
250
linguistics
discourse understanding in natural language
A discourse understanding system based on situation
semantics which can analyze short stories taken from a textbook for
elementary school students and answer questions
Yasukawa
ICOT
Japan
DEC-10 Prolog, CIL
H. Yasukawa, H. Hirakawa, K. Mukai, H. Miyoshi, Y.
Tanaka: The outline of discourse understanding system DUALS. Tech.
Mem. TM-0118, ICOT, 1985 (in Japanese)
K. Fuchi, K. Furukawa: The Role of Logic Programming in the Fifth
Generation Computer Project. ICLP3, 1986. pp1-24.
DUST-EXPERT
430
Design of Vents for explosion relief.
Design and obtain the venting requirements for the relief of
dust explosions.
The use of explosion relief vents to provide the
ultimate
protection against the effect of an explosion is very
often recommended for the equipment within which the ignition of a
flammable dust is possible.DUST-EXPERT provides most of the design
methods recommended in the I.Chem.Eng. guidelines for the venting of
dust explosions. The system provides completeexplanations when a
method is applicable, and when it is not applicable. It's novel
features include the calculations that are actually used to obtain an
answer, and a backward calculation feature that aids
design. The developmentstrategy adopted is also novel in that the experts,
from the Health and Safety Executive, represented the methods and knowledge
using a Prolog developed shell. DUST-EXPERT also includes access and use
of a database of dust properties.
HSE,Salford University Business Services Ltd.
British Materials Handling Board, and HSE.
UK
Expert Systems Ltd's Prolog-2 386
Small procedures in Micro-Soft C.
over 10,000 lines (incl comments).
??
PC-386 under MS-DOS 4.0
Evaluation
Under evaluation.
Currently being evaluated by about 16 users.
February 1992
R. Santon et. al. 1991,
"A feasibilty study into the use of expert systems for
Explosion Relief Vent Design", Proc. of HAZARDS XI, I. Chem. Eng. No
124.
S. Vadera, and S. Nechab, 1991,
"Are Expert System Shells and toolkits too general?",
Proc. IMACS International Workshop on Decision Support
Systems and Qualitative Reasoning, North-Holland.
DYNAMIC - system
331
Locking and physical access control to buildings and
facilities.
Locking.
DYNAMIC is a general purpose system for controlling
the physical access to buildings.
The locks are computer based and off-line. The smart card is used as
the key and the communication media. DYNAMIC -system also includes
AI based software packages for computer aided system design and
management. The design software is for planning new installations
and for maintaining the old ones. The management software is used
for key management and for controlling the communication with the
locks.
The system is programmed in Prolog. Abstract descriptions of the
access rights and the knowledge distribution concept are based on
ACL, an in-house AI language for access control.
DYNAMIC-system is a versatile and high performance solution for access
control. It also is inexpensive and easy to install and use.
A. Saksa, T. Merinen, O. Koskimaa.
Traditor Ltd.
Finland.
PDC Prolog 3.30 and home ACL inference mechanism.
ACL (20%), C++ (10%), ASM (5%)
50,000
1000
DOS, Windows with embedded computers.
Licensed
Released
1992
20/07/92
DynaPay Payroll Awards Interpreter.
505
Payroll.
Calculates employees pays and allowances using user - specified
rules.
Calculation of employees gross pay and allowances
is in many industries the most difficult and error-prone part of
payroll calculation. In large organisations with employees engaged in
diverse activities many different "payroll rules" (i.e. award
Conditions) may be in use. There is also
considerable scope for individual interpretation of the meaning of
the conditions specified in various awards. The DynaPay Awards
Interpreter enables an infinite number of sets of Award Rules to be
specified; each set is allocated to one or more employees, The system
takes as input each
employees daily starting and ending times (optionally gathered
directly from a time clock) and calculated for each employee all
necessary ordinary, overtime and penalty payments together with any
allowances and leave payments
which may be required producing an explanation of the "Reasoning" used in
the payroll calculations.
Tony Burnell.
Dynamation Services Pyt Ltd.
Australia.
PDC Prolog Version 3.20
Data-entry functions are written in Microsoft C
Version 6.0 -
these represent about 20% of the system.
12.000 lines of PDC Prolog, 1.500 lines of C.
800
MSDOS 3.30 and above.
Sold Product
Released
July 1989
8/2/93
EDF
212
Power generation
Real-time centralised control and maintenance of hydro-electric
power plants
Remote power plant data is measured by
microcomputers and local transdusers and transmitted to the control
room and stored in an Oracle database. The expert sytem continuously
analyses any changes in these parameters and decides on changes to be
made to the settings at the power plants. The instructions are then
formulated and sent to the power plants via a remote data link.
The system also allows the operator to monitor the state of the power
plants at all times and to use mimetic diagrams to monitor changes in
parameters, or to formulate and send instructions directly.
Due to the system, power plants which were for the most part left unused in
winter can be operated continuously at all times, and their operation
optimized at other times.
Delphia Engineering Centre, L'Enterprise Industrielle
France
Delphia
ORACLE
work station
In-house
Released
2 (20 planned)
EhLogico.
468
Automated Theorem Proving, Cooperative Interfaces for
Knowledge-Based Systems.
Natural Deduction Automatic Theorem Prover for Knowledge-Based
Systems with an Explanations-Generating Cooperative User Interface.
A complete and consistent automatic theorem prover
for classical logic. Designed to be the inference module for
knowledge-based systems which use classical logic as the language for
domain description. It produces Natural
Deduction proofs in the Normal form that can be translated to natural
language explanations of the inferences. The prover is designed to
produce direct proofs (easier to understand, since they do not use
contradiction) whenever possible.
When the prover is unable to reach a conclusion, because of lack of
information it allows the identification of the pieces of information that
may complete the proof, enabling the system to complete proofs by directing
questions to the user, or to the world in the case of autonomous systems.
Denise A. S. OLIVEIRA
Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro -
PUC/RJ and Universidade Catolica de Petropolis - UCP.
Brazil
PDC Prolog (formaerly Turbo PROLOG 2.0
None. C language may be used in the future in some parts.
6000 lines.
400 predicates.
IBM PC-XT or compatible, with 640k memory.
Personal
Prototype
May/1991.
November 05, 1992.
On the generation of explanations based on Natural
Deduction
proofs: "Explanatory Text Planning in Logic-Based Systems"
Souza, C.S.; Nunes, M.G.V.
14th. International Conference on Computational Linguistics
Nantes, France, July 1992.>
Unpublished:
"Um Provador de Teoremas em Deducao Natural Capaz de Complementar seu
Conhecimento" (A Natural Deduction Theorem Prover Capable of
Complementing its Knowledge) Oliveira, D.A.S.
Master degree dissertation, Depto. de Informatica, PUC/RJ, April
1992.
Also, on generation of explanations:
"Planning Explanations from Natural Deduction based reasoning" Nunes,
M.G.V.
Notas do ICMSC-USP (Brasil) no. 118, August 1992, 13p.
Electronic Catalog Construction Kit for Windows v1.0
448
Electronic marketing and sales.
Permits vendors to create their own interactive electronic
catalog.
Kit permits vendors to create their own electronic
catalog and order form. The output of the kit is an electronic catalog exe
file and database that vendors can distribute freely.
Mark Garber.
Cerebral Software.
USA
PDC Prolog.
20% Multiscope Modula-2
40,000
1000
Windows.
Sold Product
Prototype
OCT 1992
11 MAY 1992
None.
Electronic Catalog Construction Kit v3.04
447
Electronic marketing and sales.
Permits users to create their own electronic catalog ordering
system.
The electronic catalog construction kit allows user to
create their own electronic catalog and ordering system. The catalog
generated is an exe program together with a database which the vendor can
distribute freely.
Mark Garber.
Cerebral Software.
USA
PDC prolog.
None.
6600
800
MS-DOS/OCT 1991, WINDOWS/OCT 1992.
Sold Product
Released
1 March 1990
22
11 May 1992
None.
ELKARLAN
380
Train maintenance centres and parts replacement floor shop.
Optimization, revisions and maintenance of scheduling of
trains.
Optimization of revision and maintenance planning for
trains of the Basque railroad company. Project developed for Eusko
Trenbideak.
Antoni Trias, Frederic Casanovas and programmers team.
AIA
Spain
PDC Prolog 3.31
Microsoft C
2385
55
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS
Delivery PC 386 / MS DOS and MS Windows
Sold Product
Released
10/199
07/1992
ELMA
69
Library Management
Organizing educational media (books, videos, films, etc)
for
the planning of courses, seminars, and personal professional development
A kind of hyperbase with many-to-many relationships
between different topics and titles, making the retrieval of relevant
educational media an intuitive search. Searches can be "hyper-like," or
"conventional" using a search-language. Context sensitive help.
Audun Toennesen, Bjoern Bolstad
STATOIL - The Norwegian National Oil Company
Norway
PDC PROLOG
IBM PC/ DOS
Free/Public Domain
Dead
June 1988
approx 5-10
March 1992
EMANON
118
CASE
A CASE-tool for Developing Knowledge-Based Systems for
Constructive Problems
Submitted to PAC. Paper 396
Peter Nordin & Sundin
Sweden
6/11/91
EMEX
63
Strategic Marketing.
Assist in building single equation econometric models.
EMEX is intended to assist someone with a good
qualitative knowledge of a market to build a quantitative model of that
market. It supplies the model building expertise; the user indicates the
basic structure of the market and supplies historical data. The system is
composed of a Prolog program that interacts with the user, and which then
issues commands to, and interprets results from, a FORTRAN statistics
package. The user is thus shielded from the complexities of the model
building process. The resulting model is used to quantify the relationship
between factors operating in the market; eg. a 1% rise in price will reduce
sales by 2%, or an advertising campaign produced a 2% increase in sales.
It can also be used for making forecasts of future behaviour.
Ted Walker, Simon McAllister, Mike Greenwell.
Expert Systems Ltd, Henley Centre for Forecasting,
initially Alvey funded.
UK
Prolog-2, ESL.
FORTRAN for statistical operations
25300
977
PC/DOS, SUN/SunView.
Sold Product
Released
1987
100+
24 March 1992
EMICAT
55
CASE Tool
KBS development environment
EMICAT is an object-oriented language extensionof
prolog for the acquisition of complex knowledgeusing mechanisms such
as frames, inheritance, demons and production rules.
In addition EMICAT facilitates the way this knowledge is used thanks
to the original methods of applying rules and mechanisms of
hypothetical reasoning such as state memorisation.
EMICAT is used not only to develop expert systems or to generate
them, but also to develop "conventional" programs while taking
advantage of the object representation facilities. EMICAT is used
both for prototyping and for implementation of operational systems.
EMICAT is sufficiently integrated within Prolog that all the advantages of
logic programming can be used. It is a basic software program that has been
marketed as such, and has brought the cost of developing KBS in industry
down considerably.
Dassault Electronique
DASSAULT ELECTRONIQUE
France
C
30000
>1000
SUN, HP, IBM RS/6000 under UNIX
PS40S2
IBM S390/VM
Licensed
Released
1986
200
27/2/92
P. TAILLIBERT "EMICAT: un environnement de
developpement de systemes experts" 10eme journee Francophone sur
l'informatique, Janvier 1988
A. VIVANCOS "Utilisation d'une extension objet de Prolog pour le
developpement de systems experts aerospatiaux". 55eme symposium AGARD/AVP
sur 4 Genie logiciel et son application Avril 1988
EMS
57
Manufacturing Scheduling
Dynamic Scheduling of Flexible Manifacturing Systems
The modular program is designed for dynamic scheduling of
flexible manifacturing systems. The system is developed on the basis of
blackboard concepts which incorporate several functional modules (Prolog)
in conjunction with different algorithmic interface (Fortran) for support.
Constraints on resources allocation are formulated in the search
strategies.
Vincent K.M. CHING
Imperial College London Center for Robotics and Automated
Systems
UK
QUINTUS PROLOG
FORTRAN as foreign language module for interface/support
7000
4500
DEC VAX/VMS min-VAX 2000
(QUINTUS PROLOG)
In-house
Prototype
1/7/89
2
13/4/92
ENDELON
500
Project management.
ENDELON helps a project manager in estimating and planning
projects of any kind, assuming that a methodology is used.
ENDELON produces global indicators for the project:
man-days required for project completion: estimated delivery time:
the best staff size for each one of the project phases: the GANTT
schedule for project activities with resources automatically
levelled: the profiles of the manpower to be used in the project; the
cost and the economic risk of the project; the planned quality
scores; automatic cancellation of
unapplicable activities. ENDELON is delivered with a set of knowledge bases
that can be easily modified by the user. They contains the following
information's: activities dictated by the methodology: finish to start
relationships among activities; questions to be answered by the user;
formulas; risk and quality parameters; profiles of the manpower: There is a
function for exporting the project planning to MS Project for Windows.
Maurilio Vehturini.
Engineering - Ingegneria Informatica spa.
Italy.
PDC Prolog 3.30 Windows.
9200
500
Development : PS2 L40SX 80 Mbyte disk, 4 Mbyte RAM, DOS 5.0
andWindows 3.1; Delivery: any platform running Window 3.0, Windows 3.1 or
OS/2 2.0 (thru WIN-OS2).
Sold Product
Released
November 1990
January 1993
ENZYME SEQUENCER
290
Biochemistry
To search for analogous sub-structures of enzyme sequences
The system serves as a means of finding the substructures
of enzymes with known sequences and a similar functioning mechanism. The
system is suitable for the search of analogous primary sequence units of
any size and any number of error points.
G. Matrai
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
G. Matrai (1979)
The application of PROLOG for search of similar substructures of
enzyme sequences.
MTA SZBK report, 1980.
EPSILON
119
Software design
Communication with a Relational DBMS in a Logic Programming
Framework
Submitted to PAC. Paper 286
Nurcan et al
France
BIM Prolog + Informix
standard UNIX.
6/11/91
ERGOPRO
70
Occupational Medicine
Decision support in the prevention of musculo-skeletal
disorders
in the work environment
Users enter data about the work environment. The
program
enhances the information to give the ergonomist a qualified advice about
where and HOW to itervene. The cost/benefit issue is of particular
interest. Context sensitive help.
Audun Toennesen, Terje Salbo
STATOIL (The Norwegian National Oil Company)
Norway
PDC PROLOG
IBM PC/ DOS
Free/Public Domain
Dead
May 1989
70
March 1992
Erlang
120
PAR
Use of Prolog for developing a new programming language
Submitted to PAC. Paper 130
Joe Armstrong et al
Sweden
"NV Prolog ported to Quintus Prolog, ALS Prolog, SICStus
Prolog"
"VAX 11/750, PC/AT, Sun 3/60, SPARCS"
25/10/91
ERS-1 Payload system
225
Aerospace planning
Expert system for planning the payload of the ERS-1 earth
observation satellite.
This is a prototype expert system which is intended
to be generalised into planning of other missions by the European
Space Agency, Noordwijk, Netherlands. Emphasis was placed on the
efficiency of computation of the plans and the flexibility of
building and maintaining the user interface of the system.
This will be further developed into an operational system in collaborative
fashion between ESTEC and BIM.
BIM
Belgium, Netherlands
Prolog by BIM
ESAP
496
Safety and Risk analysis (nuclear stations, transport etc.)
Fault tree and Event tree analysis programs.
ESAP is a program for graphically entering fault
trees and
event trees to calculate risks. All analysis modules including the cutset
generator are written in Prolog. It is expected that EPSAP will be
developed to run under MS-Windows.
Steve Lympany.
Electrowatt Engineering.
England.
PDC Prolog.
None.
8000
400
MS-DOS on IBM PC.
Sold Product
Released
August 1992
ESFA
216
Electronic design
Help design integrated circuits
ESFA analyzes the program that describes the logic
of a circuit in a high-level language. The technique used is a static
analysis of the code (which is not executed), just as would be done
during a manual inspection. ESFA is not only capable of
automatically detecting certain faults, but proposing better
optimized alternatives. It uses a set of declarative rules written by
experts ina pseudo natural syntax, thus allow very easy maintenance.
In 1990, ESFA was used over 4,000 times in practice, detected 20,000
serious errors and proposed 140,000 alternative optimizations.
IBM La Gaude laboratory
France ?
B. Robinet: Logic Programming at IBM from the Lab
to the customer. Proc ICLP8. pp912-921. 1991
B. Bertrand: La Conception de Circuits Intégrés assistée par un
Systme Expert. Les Utilisations Industrielles du Langage Prolog,
Afcet, Paris, April 1990.
E. Levy: ESFA: An extended Static Flow Analysis. 3rd Productivity and
Process Tools Symposium. Thornwood, NY, Sept. 1989.
ESTA
192
Expert system
En expert system shell for the construction of Advisory systems
ESTA provides facilities to design complicated sets
of rules as found in taxation and social security, allow rule-based
form-filling, adminstrative routines such as ordering, investment
alternatives, use of software and process control systems.
It provides a dialogue with user-friendly interface, explanations of
why a question is asked or answer given, repetition of advice given
earlier. It enables the user to break off or reorder the dialogue. It
provides a number of tools such as drawings of the dialogue tree and
error-checks to facilitate development.
The system is available in a version called Esta Plus which can generate
consultation-only versions of the system which may be distributed to end-
users without any further licensing arrangements.
PDC
Denmark
PDC Prolog
IBM PC
Sold Product
Released
EUODHILOS
40
Symbolic proofs
A logic-independent proof editor and constructor that
allows users interactively to define the language and derivation
rules of a logical system relevant for the universe of discourse
under consideration; and to construct proofs in the defined system.
A logic-independent proof editor and constructor
that allows users interactively to define the language and derivation
rules of a logical system relevant for the universe of discourse
under consideration; and to construct proofs in the defined system.
Used at ICOT; Fujitsu Laboratories; Australian National University; Algonne
National Laboratory
H. Sawamura; T. Minami; K. Ohashi and K. Yokota
Fujitsu Laboratories
Japan
ESP
1.7MB
2073 methods
Personal Sequential Inference Machine PSI-II and PSI-III
Free/Public Domain
Evaluation
September 1991
4
[1] H. Sawamura; T. Minami; K. Yokota and K.
Ohashi: A Logic Programming Approach to Specifying Logics and
Constructing Proofs; Proc. of the Seventh International Conference
on Logic Programming; edited by D. H. D. Warren and P. Szeredi; The
MIT Press; pp. 405-424; 1990.
[2] Ohashi; K.; Yokota; K.; Minami; T.; Sawamura; H. and Ohtani; T. :
An Automatic Generation of a Parser and an Unparser in the Definite
Clause Grammar; Transactions of Information Processing Society of
Japan; Vol. 31 ; No. 11; pp. 1616-1626; 1990 (in Japanese).
[3] H. Sawamura; T. Minami; T. Ohtani; K. Yokota and K. Ohashi: A
Collection of Logical Systems and Proofs Implemented in EUODHILOS I;
IIAS-RR-91-13E; Fujitsu Lab.; 1991.
[4] H. Sawamura; T. Minami and R. K. Meyer: Representing a Logic in
EUODHILOS; IIAS-RR-92; Fujitsu Lab.; 1992 (in preparation).
[5] H. Sawamura; T. Minami and K. Ohashi: Proof Methods based on Sheet of
Thought in EUODHILOS; IIAS-RR-92; Fujitsu Lab.; 1992.
EUREX
37
Law
Expert System for the application of import/export regulations
EUREX is an expert system that supports the
decision procedures about importing and exporting sugar products. It
is based on about 100 pages of European regulations and it is
designed in order to help the administrative staff of the Belgian
Ministry of Economic Affairs in filling in forms and performing other
related operations.
EUREX knowledge base is composed of rules written in a specific language;
documented in a dictionary and compiled into pure Prolog. EUREX is front-
ended by various powerful tools including a window-based user interface;
tracing and explanation facilities. Moreover; a knowledge editor allows to
update the rule base as well as the dictionary and thus to extend EUREX to
other regulations.
Fabienne Balfroid; Jan de Rijke; Geert Van Nevel
BIM sa/nv
Belgium
ProLog by BIM
Prolog/C interfaces to XView; Xlib
EUREX - core : +- 26.000 lines
EUREX - rules : +- 2.900 lines
EUREX - dict : +- 9.400 lines
Total after merging: +/- 38.300 lines
+- 900
Sun3; Sun4; SPARCstations
Evaluation
March 1992
January 1992
"An Expert System for the Application of Import and
Export
Regulations" G. Van Nevel; F. Balfroid and R. Venken
Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Artificial
Intelligence and Law; Oxford UK; June 91
EVA
376
Automatic aquisition of knowledge in order to build and expert
system.
Decision making process support.
A generic product for decision support with the
capability of
supervised learning in evaluation and classification problems.
Antoni Trias, Xavier Fustero and programmers team.
AIA
Spain.
PDC Prolog 3.31.
Turbo C.
void
void
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS
Delivered PC 386 / MS DOS
Sold Product
Released
1990
07/1992
AIA Software product description.
EVAL
52
Financial Analysis and Evaluation
Support users in developing economical evaluations
Application which supports users in defining each
alternative in terms of costs and benefits, derives all financial
indicators and assists in comparing alternatives; estimation is based on
consultating specialised knowledge bases for most frequent items (man
power, software development etc); knowledge bases are written by using EVAL
knowledge representation language and can be easily updated by domain
experts; design application is object oriented, supported by IPW (an
object-oriented environment for IBM PROLOG).
Francesco Costa
IBM Semea spa
Italy
IBM PROLOG 370
IPW - IBM PROLOG WORKBENCH
100000
500
IBM 3090 (OS VM/SP)
In-house
Released
3/92
1000
1/3/92
Costa, F. "EVAL, A Knowledge-based Advisor for
Economical Evaluations" -ICLP'91 -
Workshop on Expert System and Software Engineering and Applications
EXCAP
233
Process planning
A Kowledge-based system which automates process planning for
computer aided design of turning operations in numerically controlled
machining
Process planning has proved difficult to
computerize using conventional techniques and can be a lengthy
procedure for a skilled operator. WOrking from the IGES description
of a 2D CAD model, EXCAP produces a sequence of machining operations
in reverse order, by a process of "adding metal" Playback then allows
the operator to wathc a graphical simulation of machining operations
in correct order, using POPLOG's windowing facility. The operator can
interrgoate EXCAP about the process plan.
UMIST
UK
POPLOG
EXEGETE
332
Education in the Humanities.
To provide a teaching and testing environment for students
studying college level courses that allows hypertext commentary upon,
interactive testing of documents in the humanities.
EXEGETE provides a non-deterministic hypertext
environment which allows users to highlight passages from a text and obtain
commentaries on the passages. The hypertext database in EXEGET is used not
only to provide interpretation of tests, but to advise the student on the
results of computerized tests, and to serve as a style and content checker
for written assignments.
Dr. Gearge Teschner.
Christopher Newport University, Newport News Virginia,
23606.
USA
PDC Prolog 3.30
None.
20,000+
500+
IBM and compatibles.
In-house
Released
10/89
09/09/92
Computer Implementation of Critical Thinking in the
History of Philosophy, published in Proceedings from the Eight Annual
Conference on Non-Traditional/Interdisciplinary Programs, ed. Sally
J. Reithlingshoefer, Gearge Mason University.
Courseware Alternative to the Classroom in Philosophy in Teaching
Philosophy, Spring 1991.
Expert system for production planning
226
Process Planning
providing an integrated planning and scheduling functionality
for complex chemical processes
The system was built around a highly interactive
graphics-oriented planning tool. This tool served initially to replace the
manual tools used by the planning experts. Subsequently an increasing
amount of 'intelligence' was embedded in the tool to assist the expert
planners. Finally a fully-fledged planning algorithm, based on the
expertise of human planners, was implemented and integrated in the system.
BIM, Sandoz, Switzerland
Belgium
Prolog by BIM
EXPOD
315
Chemical Design.
EXPOD is an Expert System for Polymer Design.
The development of a new , custom-designed polymer
is a laborious and time-consuming task. It involves extensive
research by means of ccessing the literature and by experimentation.
EXPOD is an expert-system conceived specifically for polymer
scientists designing linear homopolymers. It was created with two
objectives in mind:
1. Increased efficiency in polymer design.
EXPOD's primary function is to predict the fundamental
properties of a polymer from its molecular structure. Using the
optional reverse-inference module, it is also possible to generate a
polymer structure from a set of required properties.
2. Smooth management of polymer data.
EXPOD comes with a knowledge base containing rules for the
prediction of basic properties. It's database contains 80,000 items
covering over 2,400 known polymers. Yet EXPOD has been designed as an
open-ended, user-extendible system; both the knowledge base and the
database may be edited and augmented.
Mitsubishi Research Institute.
Japan.
IF/PROLOG
C, X Windows.
SUN, SONY, HP.
Sold Product
Released
09/89
50 sites.
03/92
FAIRCHILD prototyping system
201
Electronics design
Rapid prototyping of chip design
This system consists of a number of independent
programs built in a phased manner to prototype aspects of the design
of a high-performance microprocessor known as the Clipper Chip.
A prototype timing analysis program was written to analyze timing and
identify conflicts or bottlenecks. A custom ROM assembler was developed to
improve efficiency of developing microcoded instructions. A design
simulator was written to analyze alternative designs for the instruction
pipeline capabilities of the Clipper chip. A test vector generator was
developed to test floating point instructions to conform with IEEE
standards.
National Semiconductor, Fairchild division
USA
Quintus
In-house
No longer supported
Fantasy Basketball
47
Sports statistics
Maintains Routisserie/Fantasy Basketball leagues; keeps weekly
NBA statistics in a Prolog database; ranks NBA players and teams.
Fantasy (or Rotissiere) Basketball leagues are a
growing hobby among avid basketball fans. These leagues consist of
made-up teams whose players are in the NBA; and features competitions
between teams based on the actual stats of their NBA players. The
primary job of this program is to download the weekly NBA stats;
convert them into a Prolog clause database; and compute the weekly
standings for teams in the league. The resulting NBA statistics
database is also used to rank NBA players on a variety of statistics
to predict future performance. Prolog has been an excellent vehicle
for this program due to its built-in support for databases; sorting;
and parsing.
This program has been used to produce the weekly standings for the Bay Area
Fantasy Basketball League for two years.
John Dowding
none
USA
Quintus Prolog versions 2.5-3.1
none
1500
200
Sun Sparc-2
In-house
Released
10-90
1
3-7-92
FARGETZT
353
Programming utility.
To test different colour combinations, to find nice colours to
use in my windows.
Uses arrows to change colourattributes of both the frame
and the pane in a small test window, until a satisfactory combination is
reached. The actual attributes can then be noted, and used in a program.
Sigve B_
SigveSaker
Norway.
Turbo Prolog 2.0 (now PDC Prolog).
None.
13
MS-DOS.
Free/Public Domain
Released
1990
12/08/92
FAST PHONEBOOK
301
Office Productivity
Allows the user to store and retrieve data based on two
fields
either of which can be key or value.
Allows the user to store, edit, and retrieve data in key-
value pairs of arbitrary size. Either member of the pair can be used as
the key for retrieval and all hits are displayed in a browser window. Has
"friendly" windowed interface. Searches on substrings of keys.
Gregory Bourassa
Canada
TURBO PROLOG V 2.0
~ 200
~ 12
IBM PC
DOS or OS/2
Free/Public Domain
Released
June 1989
30
Jan. 1992
FAULTY
354
Fault isolation aid.
To log how to fix common faults on equipment, to aid
unexperienced technicians.
The program is a shell. An experienced technician
builds a database of how to fix the few tens of common errors that a
machine usually has. The database is built vey intuitively, NO RULES
ENTERED. When building the database you mimic the step you yourself
would normally take to isolate the fault, and repair the equipment.
This can be an enormous help to unexperienced technicians. Just finding
the fuse can be a problem with new equipment, when it is in a fusebank in
the next room.
Sigve B_
SigveSaker
Norway.
Turbo Prolog 2.0 (Now PDC Prolog).
None.
1000
40
MS-DOS.
In-house
Dead
1989
12/08/92
FAUST
236
Electricity supply diagnosis
on-line diagnosis of faults in the elctricity supply on the
National Grid
is this POP++ or Prolog?
ERDC Capenhurst, Thames Polytechnic
UK
POPLOG
FELIX - FEL and Logica Interactive Expertsystem
333
Intelligent Computer Assisted Instruction, Computer Based
Training.
To investigate the applicability and value of Intelligent
Computer Assisted Instruction.
The central activity in the FELIX project was the
development of a demonstrator in order to research the applicability of
ICAI for (military) training purposes. The teaching domain concerns the
processing of incoming and outgoing message forms by clerks of the Signal
Service. The demonstrator was evaluated during 1990 involving three draft
classes. Compared to traditional classroom instruction the evaluation
showed better performance on tests and a reduction in learning time.
TNO-FEL and Logica.
Sponsred by the Ministry of Defence. (Directorate-
General Research and Development
The Netherlands.
Quintus Prolog 3.1, Quintus ProWINDOWS 1.2.
C.
15000
750
Sun.
In-house
Prototype
03/92
2
07/92
De Niet, M., FELIX: een intelligent computer
ondersteund onderwijssysteem, In: Proceedings, AI Toepassingen '89,
Dutch.
Kuiper, H., FELIX: een onderwijzend expertsysteem, In: Kennissystemen.
tijdschrift over intelligente software, nr 11, jaargang 5, Dutch.
FEREL-FERTIGUNGSREGELUNG
326
CAM
Shop floor control system - line capacity scheduling.
Shop floor control system for highly automated flexible
manufacturing systems. The system has to plan and realise the production
tasks in view of given schedule and capacity.
Dr. Kupec, Simon.
Institute of Germany
Germany.
IF PROLOG 4.1
C, X-WINDOWS, MOTIF,
SQL, PASCAL, GKS
~13,000
~700
Decstation 5000
ULTRIX 4.2
In-house
Prototype
06/88
04/06/92
Intergration of Autonomous Mobile Robots in Flexible
Manufacturing Systems. Proceedings of IAS-2 Amsterdam, 11-14/12/89.
FIM
385
Front office sales of investment funds.
Help the sales force of investment funds for a bank holding by
defining clients' profiles.
Expert system for building Personal Investment Plans on
funds based on supervised machine learning of clients profiles. Developed
for Dinerval of the Banesto's Holding. System being installed.
Xavier Orteu
AIA
Spain
PDC Prolog 3.21
C
12000
717
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS
Delivery PC 386 / MS DOS
Sold Product
Released
01/1992
07/1992
FLiPSiDE
28
Distributed AI
Financial Logic Programming System for Distributed
Expertise.
Blackboard system to coordinate distribute heterogenous knowledge sources.
A prolog-based blackboard system to integrate and control
distributed heterogeneous knowledge sources.
David G. Schwartz
Case Western Reserve University
USA
BIM ProLog
C
~3000
?
Sun/3 and SPARC
In-house
Prototype
"The FLiPSiDE Blackboard: A Financial Logic
Programming System for Distributed
Expertise"; First International Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Applicati
ons on Wall Street; Oct. 1991.
"Metaprograms: The Glue to Integrate and Control Blackboard Knowledge
Sources";
Center for Automation and Intelligent Systems Research technical
report; 1991"
Floor Plan Design
121
Architectural Design
An Incremental Prolog Systems Development for Floor Plan Design
by Dissectioning
Submitted to PAC. Paper 86
Laszlo Bela Kovacs
Denmark
6/11/91
FMOL
122
Software production
Graphical Tools in an Automatic Prototyping Environment
Submitted to PAC. Paper 292
I Ferrandiz et al
Spain
BIM
Sun
31/10/91
FOM
178
Hotel management
Expert system for hotel managers
The Front Office Manager (FOM) uses skill and
experience to predict critical parameters affecting the occupancy
level of a hotel, which ultimately determinges whether a hotel is or
is not economically viable. The system advises on overbooking levels,
reports projected occupancy and recommends whether rate categories
should be opened or closed.
May not be Prolog!
DCM Data Products, East India Hotels (Oberoi) group
UK
FORMALL
394
Form processing.
Fills in, processes and generates 26 pre-printed forms commonly
used in small businesses. FORMALL creates an electronic environment for
form processing in a small business.
An inexpensive, easy to use program that lets you
fill and
generate common business forms right from your PC keyboard! FORMALL,
The Business Forms Processing System - a total solution to your form
processing needs. FORMALL reduces the time and effort that is
required to complete your standard pre-printed forms, envelopes,
labels and other forms used you process. Features include: single
input database system; automatic data transfer;
automatic formatting; cursor movement control; ASCII export; complete
mathematic function and much much more. Price is $ 79.95.
Randolph Krofick, Chief Developer; Patrick Conte.
North Winds.
USA.
PDC Prolog (90%)
Borland C (10%).
10.000
60
MSDOS 2.0, 512K memory, most dot matrix, daisywheel & laser
printers, hard or floppy drive systems.
Sold Product
Released
January 1, 1989.
9/1/92
PC Magazine Article, PCM Magazine.
FORMZ
393
Form Processing.
To create, fill in, print, and process pre-printed forms. FORMZ
creates an electronic environment for form processing.
An inexpensive, easy to use program that lets you
fill in
pre-printed forms right from your PC keyboard! FORMZ, The Intelligent
Forms Processing System - a total solution to your form processing
needs. FORMZ reduces the time and effort that is required to complete
your standard pre-
printed forms, envelopes, lables and other forms you process. Features
include: single input database system; automatic data transfer; direct
connections to Lotus 123 and DBase III; automatic formatting; curser
movement control; ASCII mailmerge; ASCII export; complete mathematic
function; string and logical IF statements; editing and search features and
much much more. Price is $ 149.95.
Randolph Krofick, Chief Developer; Patrick Conte.
North Winds.
USA.
PDC Prolog (85%).
Borland C (15%).
22.000
1000
MSDOS 2.0, 512 K memory, most dot matrix, daisywheel & laser
printers, hard or floppy drive systems.
Sold Product
Released
October 1, 1987.
9/1/92
PC Magazine Article, PCM Magazine.
FRENCHIP
220
Electronic design
synthesis of logic circuits
The designer uses a very high-level definition
(VHDL) language to construct the project. The design approach is top-
down using hierarchical block diagrams. The designer can intervene to
modify options or supply parameters in the course of the synthesizing
process. The high level of abstraction of the VHDL models allow the
designer to focus on the design and validation of the function and on
any other aspect which he judges critical. This also leads to
increased productivity and control of time and costs. In addition the
system includes rewriting rules at the same high level so that VHDL
can be extended.
More than 70 projects have been developed, mostly in the range 30-60
thousand gates, but some with more than 100,000.
Dassault Electronique
France
Delphia
60,000
Unix workstations with X-windows
Sold Product
Released
60+
FuPlan
504
Engineering of Automated Building Management Systems.
CAE . System for Configuration of Control System.
In a building management system, a substation is
one
fundamental component. A substation enables processes to be Directly
Digitally Controlled ( DDC ) by means of its Controlling Program,
which must be configured and parameterized for different
applications. The configuration
is represented as a Command List in a special language. FuPlan fills
the gap between the plant schematic and this list. One module is for
drawing functional diagrams, which are automatically compoled to the
Command List. Other modules
permit management of projects, installations, substations, plant
devices, sheets,signals, function modules, terminals and macros. The
inherent relationships between these objects are guaranteed to be
consistent: some dependencies, e.g. form substation type, are partly
data-driven. Soem data
may be extracted form plant schematics drawn by an other CAE-System.
Documentation of various aspects may be printed. Input facilities, semi -
graphics and data-structure give high efficiency in interaction, time and
space.
Hans Grob.
Fr. Sauter AG, CH - 4016 Basel.
Switzerland.
PDC-Prolog.
12.000
1.200
DOS.
Sold Product
Released
8.1990
2.1993
User*s Guide
GALOP
249
computational linguistics
parsing of natural language
A bottom-up parser for natural language developed
from BUP (see Fuchi, Furukawa, 1986)
Uses a formalism now called GDL0
Y. Matsumoto et al
ICOT
Japan
DECsystem-10 ?
Y. Matsumoto, H. Tanak, H. Hirakawa, H. Miyoshi, H.
Yasukawa: BUP A Bottom-up parser embedded in Prolog. New Generation
Computing.
K. Fuchi, K. Furukawa: The Role of Logic Programming in the Fifth
Generation Computer Project. ICLP3, 1986. pp1-24.
GARP (General Architecture for Reasoning about Physics)
450
GARP is not restricted to a specific domain. Qualitative
prediction of behaviour can in principle be done on any system. However,
physical systems, in particular thermo dynamics, are mostly used.
A qualitative reasoning shell.
GARP is an integrated approach to qualitative
prediction of behaviour. Given the description of a system (usually a
physical system) GARP predicts the states of behaviour that the
system will go through in qualitative terms (the latter
as opposed to quantitative models).
Bert Bredeweg.
University of Amsterdam.
NL
SWI-Prolog (see J. Wielemaker, 1992, University of
Amsterdam)
none.
10000 lines of Prolog.
???
Sun workstations.
January 1990
About 15 research institutes used tapes of ftp to
get the program (it is unknown how many people actually
use GARP)
May 25, 1992
- B. Bredeweg and B.J. Wielinga (1988),
Integrating qualitative reasoning approaches, Proceedings of ECAI--
88, Munich, Page 195-201.
- B. Bredeweg (1989),
Introducing meta-levels to qualitative reasoning, Applied Artificial
Intelligence, New York, Vol. 3-2, Page 85-100.
B. Bredeweg (1992),
Expertise in qualitative prediction of behaviour, PhD thesis, University of
Amsterdam.
GASMAD
386
Maintenance decision support in gas distribution strategies.
Optimize global and daily maintenance in decisions
repair/replace a gas distributions network.
Expert system for the maintenance of a Gas
Distribution networks.
Project in development for Gas Madrid (Gas Natural S.A.).
Regina Llopis, Rosa Fors, Frederic Casanovas and
programmers team.
AIA
Spain.
PDC Prolog 3.31 for Windows
C++
26909
421
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS
Delivey PC 386 / MS DOS and Windows.
Sold Product
Evaluation
Sep. 1992
07/1992
GemTest
412
Mineral and precious stone (gemstone) identification.
To assist in fast, reliable mineral (Gemstone)
identification.
The fast , reliable identification of stones is
supported, based on measurements of hardness, specific gravity, light
refraction, colour, pleocroism, u.v. reaction, etc. Missing measurement
data can be substituted by others. If there os no one selection
alternatives are suggested.
CIM Research Laboratory.
Computer and Automation Institute, Hungarian
Academy
of Sciences.
Hungary.
Turbo Prolog.
400
90
PC XT/AT, MS-DOS
Personal
Prototype
September 1986.
March 1992
Publication: Kovacs G.L. et al: GemTest - Expert System
for Mineral Identification; 5th IFAC AMMM Symposium, 22-26 Aug. 1986,
Tokyo. Proc No. 10, pp. 501-503.
Gene Sequence Alignment
98
Biological Research
The Genome Project is a major project funded by the US
Department of Energy to produce a map of the human genome - the genetic
'map of mankind'. The original code for this projet was written in C but a
Strand88 harness has been developed which permits the production system to
be run on a wide variety of multiple processor hardware, demonstrating the
benefits of portability and scalability for multiple language applications.
(see Computational Algebra for comments)
Argonne National Laboratory
USA
Strand88
Generalized Query System
85
database front-end, system integration
Provides a high-level general data access abstraction
mechanism using a client - server architecture for access to
diverse sources of data and knowledge.
An access mechanism for either a Prolog program or
a C program that provides a data abstraction service layer. External
data access and interpretation are encapsulated in the conceptual
views and meta data of the Generalized Query Server. The "core"
Generalized Query System software provides a query language and
network access layers so that application developers can access any
of the encapsulated data sources. Data from flat files, databases,
object-oriented databases or even expert systems can be encapsulated.
The query language makes the physical data access mechanisms and
network layers transparent.
The query language is much like Prolog, but has a number of additional
features such as second order logic, abstract data types and object-
oriented syntax.
Bill McClay, Roger Speigle, George Hendrickson,
Dennis Hegedus,
Michael Easter, Steve Miller, Jerry Gerstmann, Max Robinson
Boeing Computer Services
USA
Quintus 3.1
9,000 lines of C
20,000 lines of Prolog
approximately 3,000
Sun 4, VAX, RS6000
In-house
Released
January 1992
Other applications
March 1992
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long ***È
First mentioned in the "Harnessing Detailed Assembly Process
Knowledge" presentation by Bill McClay and John Thompson at the Conference
on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence, March 1989,
sponsored by the American Association of Artificial Intelligence. It is
the main theme of the paper, "A Query Server for Diverse Sources of Data
and Knowledge" to be presented at the First International Conference on
Practical Applications of Prolog.
Generator of Cobol programs for Data Validation
278
Software applications
To generate Cobol code that is used for validating data
The system generates ANSI COBOL programs to be used for
checking input data. The generated COBOL program outputs the valid data on
a file and prints the erroneous data (indicating the cause of error). The
structure of the files is maintained by the generated COBOL program and the
aspects of validation are defined by parameters specified by the user or in
a file.
I. Lang
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
I. Lang (1978)
On the generation of data processing ANSI COBOL programs in PROLOG.
Proc. of the Hungarian Conf. Programming Systems'78, Szeged, pp 364-368.
geons
65
Computer vision
To recognise the class of a 3-D volumetric primitive object in
an image description which consists of curve properties and relations.
In an area of computer vision research, classes of
volumetric primitives are used as a kind of 'alphabet' in the
recognition of complex 3-D objects. Two-dimensional images of 3-D
volumetric primitives are 'input' in the form of facts about curves,
lines and their properties and relationships (e.g. curved/straight,
connectivity).
This information could in principle be derived automatically from a
grey-level image. The logic program models, in a qualitative way,
(a) the 3-D objects, (b) the model-scene projection relationships,
and (c)the image structure.
These declarative models constitute a 'parser' for the input curve data
which is analysed by the program to recognise the appropriate category of
geometric primitive.
Roger Munck-Fairwood
University of Surrey
UK
Poplog (others also)
800 (with comments, etc.)
Sun4
Personal
Prototype
1988
2
1992
"Recognition of Generic Components Using Logic-
Program Relations of Image Contours",
R C Fairwood, Image & Vision Computing, vol 9 (2), pp 113-122 (April 1991)
GESER
211
Ship design
To check that a ship design satisfies all applicable
regulations
200 pages of regulations are encoded into the
system, which enables a person using the expert system to check a
ship's design in a few minutes, after entering the necessary data
which takes less than half a day. This compares with four to five
days for an expert for each manual verification, which has to be
performed several times during a design. Due to the exhaustive nature
of its knowledge bases, GESER avoids errors that could otherwise have
dramatic consequences if discovered at a later stage.
The system also has capabilities to help experts translate new
regulations into the knowledge base. It can handle "meta-knowledge"
such as "except if rule 1.A.34 applies..." and can handle bilingual
(French and English) knowledge bases.
Delphia
France
Delphia
Emicat
work station
1990
GET - Graphic Editor and Tools
123
Software production
An X-Windows Toolkit for Knowledge Acquisition and
Representation based on Conceptual Structures
Submitted to PAC. Paper 275
Wermelinger & Lopes
Portugal
X-Prolog
6/11/91
GEX-Tool
97
electronic assembly
an environment for developing large diagnostic expert systems
Graphical Expert System Creation Tool presents a full
colour graphic display of a circuit pack, highlighting suspected
components, asking for additional information and suggesting replacements.
GEX-Tool handles both single and multiple faults and will trouble-shoot
multiple circuit packs simultaneously. GEX-Tool is a true expert system
using three kinds of knowledge to diagnose circuit problems: (1)
experiential heuristics (2) general purpose tactics and troubleshooting
techniques (3) connectivity model based reasoning GEX-Tool consists of
four modules: automatic rule generation, manual rule editing, rule
compilation and a rule exception and operator interface module. The first
module takes files describing component and circuit topology and also
replacement and testing costs and prepares data for the second module which
allows an engineer to edit and optimise the diagnostic procedures. The
third module generates rules in the C language which are then compiled to
form the knowledge base used by the shop operator. This cycle can be
repeated as often as necessary to deal with changing conditions. Most
expert systems are notoriously slow, but GEX-Tool uses proprietary
compilation techniques to deliver remarkable performance while it supports
one of the largest, most complex knowledge bases of any industrial expert
system.
A T & T
USA
Quintus
C
Unix workstation
Sold Product
Released
Git'N GO P.O.S & Inventory System
334
Business Application.
To allow multi-user Point of Sale / Inventory Control for
bonded warehouses. Automate US Customs paperwork.
The system allows multi-user point of sale operation with
live updating of inventory information. Daily sales are posted to a
secondary program which handles a portion of the paperwork required by US
customs regulating bonded warehouses. Data may be exported in ACSII format
for analysis by other programs. The system is currently installed in three
sites in upstate NY and runs on PC's using DOS 5 and Lantastic NOS.
Tom Unger.
RAM CONTROL, Champlain, NY.
USA.
PDC Prolog 3.21
None.
Approx. 5000
Approx. 400
IBM PC clones running DOS 5 and Lantastic NOS.
Sold Product
Released
12/91
07/92
GOLDFINDER
296
Geology
To advise an exploration geologist on the best location to site
a drill hole to find gold.
Goldfinder is a knowledge-based system which assesses the
potential of a gold prospect and gives advice on the best locality to site
a drill hole. The geologist's map of the prospect is the primary source of
input data. Knowledge is stored partly as semantic networks but mainly in
a production rule formalism. By interaction with the user the system
establishes a dynamic database containing, at a sophisticated level,
information about the main lithologies, the nature of any mineralisation or
alteration, and the structural features of the prospect. Using a method of
intersecting loci, the system locates a drill site with a precision
governed only by the scale of the map.
D.D. Hawkes
Micro Prof
England
LPA Mac Prolog
275 K
280 relations
Foppy disc with Macintosh, hard disc and 2 Mb RAM
June 1992
new release
17 June 1992
Hawkes, D D 1992 Goldfinder: a knowledge-based system for
mineral prospecting. Jour. Geol. Soc. London 149, 465-471.
Grammar Development Tool
421
Natural language processing.
A tool for development of grammars by linguists.
The Grammar Development Tool (GDT) is a tool for
development, test, and translation (into Prolog) of grammars. It is a
multilingual tool for development of both analysis and generation
grammars for different languages. Linguists use this tool to develop
the grammars in grammar
formalisms and then automatically translate them into a DCG format or
Prolog. Users of the tool can view the grammar rules, change existing
rules, and add new rules. Grammars can be tested by running test examples
one at a time, or in batch. GDT also allows tracing of the grammar rule
applications for debugging purposes.
NLP Department, IBM Nordic Laboratories.
IBM
Sweden.
IBM Prolog.
REXX
Around 5000 (comments not counted).
Not counted.
VM/XA for IBM Mainframe.
In-house
December 1989
10
March 1992
Graph?
124
Software design
Managing Networks of Persistent Data in Prolog
Submitted to PAC. Paper 229
Martin Schnuch
Germany
IF Prolog.
27/1/91
Graphical Front Ends
17
Electronic design; data modelling
Provide a graphical front end to internal ECAD design tools
This project consists of a series of workstation based
tools that display and analyize the output of internal VLSI design tools;
many of which reside on mainframes. At this point Prolog is used as a
rapid prototyping language with a high level X interface. Since design
needs and technology change quickly; this is a major feature of the
project. The first tool that is near release displays clock tree
connectivity and computes the steiner net wiring. Design data is modelled
using frames; some of the interface is modelled with graphical objects.
Future work may incorporate simple constraints and rules.
Greg Munger
IBM
USA
Quintus
awk
1000-2000 per tool; 2 written so far
300
IBM Risc System 6000; AIX 3.1
In-house
Prototype
10-91
20
11-91
GraphicKnowledge
479
Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
Extract structure from unstructured graphic files
(e.g., "un-WYSIWYG" a 2-d line map).
GraphicKnowledge provides a framework for
extracting
structure from unstructured graphic files. The problem is similar to
that of restructuring a document into SGML or similar mark-up, given
only the output typeset form of the document (that is, we are "un-
WYSIWYG"ing the files). In the case of the graphic files, we have
lines, pieces of text, and symbols ("cells"). Based on contextual
information, we reconstruct these into objects (e.g., a street with
the associated name, block, and connectivity to other streets). The
first version of this program is being used to restructure
the City of Edmonton's water maps (1700 maps, containing
300,000 objects). The cost of the automated conversion will be about 1/3
of the cost using conventional techniques and will reduce elapsed time from
2 years to about 6 months (including programming and quality checking).
Peter Ludemann.
Quintus, Intergraph Canada, City of Edmonton (Alberta).
USA
Quintus.
MDL (for data extract).
5000 (plus use of Quintus Prolog library).
900
SUN, Clipper / SunOS, CLIX / SunOS, CLIX.
Licensed
Evaluation
12/92
N/A
09 Dec. 1992.
GROG - General Recognition Of Gates in VLSI circuits
419
CAD of VLSI circuits.
Structural and Functional abstraction of VLSI. The prototype of
this expert system is built upon Prolog. It performs the hierarchical
abstraction of full custom VLSI circuits.
CAD verification tools employed in BULL make use of
an abstraction process that extracts the structural and functional
specifications of a design from its layout level.
As the company has gained a great experience in VLSI abstraction, the
main goal of this new project is to give the users all the power,
the ease of use and the maintainability of a rule-based expert
system.
In former applications the circuit models could only be
implemented by specialized PROLOG programmers. Now the
syntax of the rules has been made so that it can be easily employed
by non programmers.
Abstraction is mainly based upon the trial and error resolution of
hypotheses. Such a mechanism is therefore locally provided within
the premise part of each production rule. Action part of rules leads
to the classification of all the recognized parts of circuits
(usual classes are inverters, switches, latches, registers, ...).
Backward and forward chaining allow to control the hierarchical
abstraction of the circuits that made up the VLSI. Abstraction of
complex parts of design such as registers, adders, ram, can
therefore be easily provided.
Today, the validity of such an approach has been proved as feasible on real
subsets of design. Full developpement may be considered.
J.B.Guignet.
BULL S.A.
France
SP-PROLOG (contains OOP capabilities).
2000
1500
SUN3,SUN4 and all BULL UNIX platforms.
In-house
Prototype
18/12/91
26/03/92
GRONPAR
335
Genetic research, parallel programming.
MS-DOS operating system extensions for PROLOG interprocess
communication over serial ports between programs running in parallel.
Operating system extensions have been designed to give
the equivalent of the interprocess communication as possible under UNIX or
OS/2 to MS-DOS computers running in parallel. The present system uses
serial ports for communication and is based on a ring topology. The system
is designed to be used for parallel computation of genetic pedigree
analysis (see the entry GRONLINK). Two applications are foreseen: one to
use spare capacity of networked MS-DOS machines running under OS/2, and one
to build a parallel computer from single board PCs.
Erick Meijer, Rene de Geus and Gerard J. te Meerman PhD.
Department of Medical Genetics, University of Groningen.
The Netherlands.
PDC Prolog 3.20 and later
C, Assembler.
1000
10
IBM PC, MSDOS 3.2 and higher, OS/2 machines.
Free/Public Domain
Released
06/91
17/02/92
Erick Meijer and Rene de Geus, Mimicking
Transputers on MS-DOS systems, unpublished Thesis for the higher
Informatics Degree, Groningen State Polytechnic.
GULICO
125
Medical information
Prolog Based Medical Data Manipulating System for Cardiologists
Submitted to PAC. Paper 296
V. Meskhi
Russia
Turbo
PC AT
31/10/91
GUNGA CLERK
336
Legal expert systems.
Substantive legal knowledge-based advisory system in New York
State Criminal Law, advising on sentencing, pleas, lesser included offenses
and elements.
GUNGA CLERK is designed to accept key facts of a criminal
case and provide guidance to attorneys and judges as to statutory rules
affecting sentence parameters, regulation of plea bargaining,
identification of lesser included offenses, and offenses chargeable based
on designated conduct. Logs of interactive sessions may be captured to
disk for editing and insertion in word processing reports. Explanations
include citations to legal authority and display of chains of legal
inferences.
David E. Woodin, Esq.
Due Process Software.
USA.
Turbo Prolog 2.0 (Now PDC Prolog)
None.
3227 plus Toolbox.
220 plus Toolbox.
IBM-PC and compatibles, MS DOS 2.0 or later.
Sold Product
Released
06/88
30/07/92
Woodin, David E., Design and Implementation of
Substantive Systems in Criminal Law: Beyond a Court Management
Perspective; Proceedings of the International Conference on Database
and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA '90), Vienna, Austria,
Springer-Verlag/Wien, New York 1990, p388.
Woodin David E., Design and Implementation of Gunga Clerk: A Substantive
System in New York Criminal Law, The Defender, (Journal of the New York
State Defenders Association) October 1989, p35.
HAMP
194
Shipping scheduling
Dynamic voyage scheduling for tankers etc.
HAMP generates optimal voyage schedules for maximum
vessel utilization, based on financial parameters and customized
rules for vessel deployment. In the dynamic scheduling process the
system gives full overview of the stock/shipment situation and sets
alarms for stock overflow situations.
Financial calculations can be simulated for trades and shipments based on
updated information of market supply and demand, fuel prices, available
transport resources, etc. This provides decision makers with quick
calculation of economic key parameters. The cost and demurrage calculator
also shows consequences of delays and changes in financial parameters, to
enable management to adjust shipping plans accordingly.
H.J. Holst
Denmark
PDC
286/386 based PC with 8MB RAM, VGA or EGA monitor, OS/2 v 1.1
or later, any OS/2 compatible network
HAPPS
441
Production management system.
Parts selection for a type of modular house.
For each customer's housing plan,
1) enter the plan using GUI operation,
2) solve the constraints between the parts,
3) select the adequate parts to satisfy the plan.
ISAC, Inc.
Sekisui Chemical Corporation.
Japan.
methodLog (object-oriented prolog, embedded in K-Prolog)
Graphic library for the X window system written in
C.(10%)
150,000 lines (including parts database).
3,000 methods (equivalent to 10,000 predicates).
SONY NEWS; 4.2/4.3BSD (development / delivery).
Licensed
Released
April 18, 1989
60 persons (at 10 sites, including 7 plants).
April 15, 1992
NIKKEI ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE No.72 p.3
December 19, 1988(bi-weekly newsletter)
HAPPS, TAPPS and MAPPS
435
Parts selection for modular housing.
Plant operators entry each customer's housing plan with
almost only mouse operation based on graphical use interface output: ascii-
coded parent parts data for parts selection which is appropriate for host
computer (IBM mainframe).
ISAC, Inc.
Sekisui Chemical Corporation.
Japan.
MethodLog (object-oriented prolog interpreter,
compiled into K-Prolog interpreter).
raphic library on X window written by C.
Over 100,000 lines.
3,000 methods (equivalent to 10,000 predicates).
Ews (Sony News) ; 4.2/4.3BSD (development / delivery).
Licensed
Released
June 1, 1989.
60 persons (at 10 sites, including 7 plants).
April 9, 1992.
NIKKEI ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE No.72 p.3
December 19, 1988(bi-weekly newsletter) ditto; No.97 Apendix p.27,January
15, 1990.
HATE
35
Natural Language Processing
Semiautomatic extension of a thesaurus
HATE builds up thesaurus relations based on an existing
thesaurus and syntactic relations between words
R. Wirth
IKBS
Germany
VM/Prolog
950
270
VM
In-house
No longer supported
12/84
1/92
HESS (House Estimating System)
58
Construction Estimating
Prepares accurates estimates for the construction of houses
using typical methods of construction
HESS is used by a builder to simplify the
preparation of estimates for housing construction.
The user sketches the plan of the house to scale in a graphical window
within the program. HESS analyses the structure of the plan and prepares
list of quantities of materials used in the building. Cost data for
materials, labour and overheads are then used to calculate the recommended
cost price of the house.
Robin Drogemuller, John Smith
James Cook University, University of Central Queensland
Australia
LPA PROLOG, MACPROLOG
none
4500
350
IBM PC- MSDOS,
Machintosh
In-house
Evaluation
11/91
1
3/91
Drogemuller, R., Smith, J., "Estimating Housing
Construction Costs" Proc. of the 1st International Conference on Practical
Applications of Prolog (1992)
HESYOD
126
Program Synthesis
Prototypes as Specifications for Automatic Synthesis of Logic
Programs
Submitted to PAC. Paper 234
A. Ja. Dikovsky
Russia
19/10/91
HOSROS
404
Health.
Optimizing a roster of Doctors in a hospital.
A roster of hospital doctors was scheduled as a generate
and test paradigm with testing intertwined with generation. Each of the
doctors (about 20) is asked for his preferences for weekdays and weekend
days as prefers, can do and cannot do. First the prefers then the can and
finally the notcannot slots are filled. If more than one person is a
candidate for a slot at a given preference level, then a probabilistic
conflict resolution scheme is used. Constraints are applied early: number
of free days between duty periods, balanced number of weekend and weekdays
for each person and no duty allocation on cannot do days. If the roster is
not successfully completed (a rare occurrence) after say N attempts, then
the constraints are relaxed by the program until a solution is found. The
program outputs: The complete roster, individual letters and statistics
including an individual"index of satisfaction".
Stewart Rosenberg.
Bourges Psychiatric Hospital.
France.
Turbo Prolog.
UNIX / SB - Prolog +
80386 / LPA - Prolog ++
850
105 (non-system).
8088/DOS 3.0
Free/Public Domain
Released
July 1988
unknown.
06/10/92
Programming medical rosters in Prolog, Medical
Informatics (1988), Vol. 13, 187-198.
HPLus
308
Computer Based Training
Diagnosis of errors during execution of PROLOG programmes and
generation of alternatives.
HPLus is a system of tools for static programme analysis
and dynamic debugging facilities. If an error occurs, a three level
diagnosis process is started that includes opportunistic help on it's
lowest level, analysis of the call-context on the second level and
references to the history on the third level. This analysis proceeds
depending on the derived results or user interaction. A user model is used
for presenting results and alternatives queries.
Karlhorst Klotz
Technische Universitat Munchen
Germany
IF/PROLOG
MOTIF (Interface)
20,000
HP, SUN, VAX
UNIX
In-house
Evaluation
5/91
30
4/92
HPSG-PL
444
Computational linguistics, natural language parsing.
Designing grammars for parsing natural language.
HPSG-PL is a Prolog implementation of Head Driven Phrase
Structure Grammar. The system consists of a lexical compiler, constraint
processor, chart parser and a module for linking the parser to a graphic
interface. Using this system, a user can examine the properties of the
HPSG formalism itself, and can investigate characteristics of specific
grammars that utilize the formalism. A sample grammar which covers a
fragment of English is provided.
Fred Popowich, Sandi Kodric, Carl Vogel.
Natural Language Lab, Simon Fraser University.
Canada.
Quintus Prolog / Sicstus Prolog.
Has an interface to the TreeTool system, a graphic
interface written in C running under Sunview and X view
Has also been used with a Lisp-based program for
converting natural language queries into SQL which is then passed onto an
Oracle Database.
Total number of lines (blank and comment lines included)
comes to approx. 1000.
about 110
SUN / UNIX
Free/Public Domain
Released
October 1991
20
Apr 22, 1992
@TechReport(Pop91d,
author = "Popowich, Fred and Carl Vogel",
title = "The {HPSG-PL} System",
institution = "School of Computing Science,
Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C.",
year = "1991",
number = "CSS-IS TR 91-08",
key = "Popowich and Vogel")
@InCollection
(Pop91a,
author = "Popowich, Fred and Carl Vogel",
title = "A Logic Based Implementation of Head-Driven Phrase
Structure
Grammar",
year = "1991",
editor = "C.G. Brown and G. Koch",
booktitle = "Natural Language Understanding and Logic
Programming, III"
,
publisher = "Elsevier, North-Holland",
pages= "227-246",
key = "Popowich and Vogel")
@InProceedings(Pop92a,
author = "Popowich, Fred and Paul McFetridge and Dan Fass and
Gary Hall",
title = "Processing Complex Noun Phrases in a Natural
Language
Interface to a Statistical Database",
booktitle = "14th International Conference on
Computational Linguistics",
organization = "Nantes, France",
year = "1992",
key = "Popowich et. al.")
HRM SIMULATOR
300
Human Resourse Management
Model the impacts of human resource management policies within
organizations.
Permits the user to model policy matrices of arbitrarily
complex organizations, as a combination of attribute states for persons and
multiple rule-bases and daemons attached to attribute state changes.
Simulates progress of the organization with these policies over extended
periods. Allows policy change during runs. Has extensive user interface
and custom reporting facilities.
Gregory Bourassa, Patrick Cunningham
The Cody Group (under contract to Department of National
Defence.
Canada
PDC PROLOG (OS/2) ver. 3.21
PROLOG meta-interpreter written in PDC PROLOG. Less
than
1/5 of code but does all user rule interpretation.
~5000
~700
IBM Compatible 386, 486, machines running OS/2
Licensed
Released
March 1991
10
Jan. 1992
User guide and system reference manual available from
(above) contact.
Human Rights Hypertext System
405
International Relations, Education.
Hypertext System for eight international human rights
documents.
This program provides access to eight international
human rights documents, the American Declaration of Human Rights, the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the European Convention on
Human Rights, the European Social
Charter, the International Covenants on Civil, Political, Social,
Economic and Cultural Rights, the American Convention of Human Rights
and the African Charter. These documents are interlinked by concepts
and specific rights
permitting quick access and comparison. Documents can also be accessed in
sequence and individual articles may be printed out.
Michael Niemann.
Trinity College.
USA.
PDC Prolog.
none.
??
500
MS DOS Computers.
In-house
Prototype
September 1991
10
March 1992
none.
Hypertext Toolbox
193
Hypertext system
To provide the building blocks to develop a hypertext system
There are three basic building blocks in the
toolkit.
HAM - the Hypertext Abstract Machine. The bottom-layer database
manager with a collection of predicates for updating nodes and links,
supporting full version control.
Editor - a special object-oriented hyper editor with full mouse
support.
Object-oriented prpgramming tools to build mouse-based user
interface for an application, and a set of user interface tools.
The toolkit comes with the full source code of a hypertext system
which can be used as the basis of the user's system.
PDC
Denmark
PDC Prolog
IBM PC
Sold Product
Released
IBM SAA LanguageAccess
423
Natural language processing.
Natural language interface to relational databases.
LanguageAccess is a multilingual natural language
query interface to relational databases which gives users access to
the information from databases without requiring any specific
knowledge of the database organization or of SQL. It translates
users' queries into SQL and also paraphrases them back for
confirmation. LanguageAccess is founded on a solid natural language
processing technology developed at
IBM Nordic Laboratories in cooperation with IBM research organizations
around the world. It is generally available for English and German and
working prototypes exist for several other languages.
NLP Department, IBM Nordic Laboratories.
IBM
Sweden.
IBM Prolog, Quintus Prolog, Arity Prolog.
C, Assembler.
Around 80000 (comments not counted).
Not counted.
VM/XA, MVS/XA, and MVS/ESA for IBM mainframe, AIX for
RS/6000,
and OS/2 for IBM PS/2.
Sold Product
Released
December 1990
Information not available.
March 1992
(1) International Business Machines Corporation
(1990): IBM SAA LanguageAccess General Information (Publ. No. SH19-
6680), Query Interface User's Guide (Publ. No. SH19-6681),
Customization Tool User's Guide (Publ. No. SH19-6683), Application
Programming Guide (Publ. No. SH19-6687), etc.
(2) Sanamrad, M. and Bretan I. (1992): "IBM SAA LanguageAccess: A
Large-Scale Commercial Product Implemented in Prolog", Proc. 1st
Int. Conf. on Practical Applications of Prolog.
(3) Jonsson, G. (1991): "The Development of IBM SAA LanguageAccess: An
Experience Report", Proc. 7th Int. Conf. on Data Engineering.
ICEBERG ELECTRIC
390
Electrical dispatching.
Support for the train tracks electrical network management.
Expert system that is associated with tools for
editing the
topological properties of the train tracks electrical networks and linking
to the knowledge base for management of the electrical installation.
Jose A. Marques and programmers team.
AIA
Spain.
PDC Prolog 3.21
void.
35000
1500
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS
Delivery PC 386 / MS DOS
Sold Product
Released
05/1992
07/1992
IF/Man
324
Text analysis.
Automatic conversion of the IF/PROLOG programming manual into
hypertext.
The program converts the input data-a programming manual-
into Hypertext. Starting with files prepared for output on a Kyocera laser
printer (this allows wysiwyg browsing) the first two passes of the program
system reconstruct the objects (words, lines,boxes etc.) on each page and
recognise headlines, tables and normal paragraphs based on formal criteria
such as typical words or fonts. In the next step a sophisticated algorithm
reduces the words to their stems and weights them by significance. Only
sufficiently important terms are finally used to create links between their
referencing and defining occurrences between paragraphs related to a common
topic.
Norbert Rossler, Thomas Schonauer.
Interface Computer GmbH, Munich.
Germany.
IF/PROLOG Version 4.1
C for printer emulation (~ 5000 l.o.c.)
7200
380
Any UNIX system.
In-house
Released
06/91
4
04/92
Conference Proceedings:
-IF/PROLOG User Day 1991 (also: Newsletter Vol. 6)
-GUUG 1991, Wiesbaden.
IMAGIA
221
Electronic manufacture
Visual inspection system for detecting faults in VLSI circuits
The system is used to detect significant
differences between an observed and reference images of a portion of
a VLSI chip. An analysis of the grey scales of the image leads to a
hypotheses about the materials present. The system uses its knowledge
from the inspection and of the technology to decide about the nature
and gravity of the defects.
Dassault Electronique
France
Emicat
Dassault Electronique report: Les Techniques
Informatiques avancees et leurs applications. NE 485 352, 30th Apr 1991.
INDICAID (Intelligent diagnostic computer aid)
338
Trouble-shooting in technical installations.
Correlation of faults detected by built-in test equipment in
the sensor, weapon and command system on the Dutch Multipurpose-frigate.
INDICAID is able to correlate BITE detected faults. It
will provide all possible explanations in terms of sub-systems, ordered
according to likelyhood. Knowledge acquisition can be done in run-time,
that is, the system learns from experiences. However, the knowledge
representation is very structured, and model-based diagnosis like
algorithms are used. The programme contains facilities to test and monitor
three different types of system modelling. Based on the results it will be
possible to select the best of these in an operational version.
Paul van Oordt.
Sponsored by the Royal Netherlands Navy.
The Netherlands.
Quintus Prolog.
None.
6000
300
Sun.
In-house
Prototype
06/92
07/92
Van Oordt, H.P. INDICAID: zeer hoog nivo model-
gebaseerde diagnose voor het relateren van foutmeldingen, In:
Kennissystemen, Rijswijk, 1992, Stam Tijdschriften BV, volume 6, P. 15-18,
Dutch.
Infologics Faultfinder System
90
Service Engineering
FaultFinder is a diagnostic tool which combines expert
systems and multimedia techniques to enhance the productivity of service
engineers. It provides on-line assistance in the form of a knowledge base
which helps the service engineer in diagnosis and maintenance. This is
backed up by a Knowledge Management System which is used by product
specialists in creating and maintaining the knowledge bases. The product is
a domain oriented tool, not a general purpose expert system shell.
FaultFinder incorporates both fundamental and heuristic knowledge which
Infologics says are both important when troubleshooting technical
equipment. Fundamental knowledge is typically that provided by the
manufacturers, including design features, test procedures, etc. Heuristic
knowledge is based on rule of thumb, usually gained from years of hands-on
experience. FaultFinder knowledge bases can be located at the support
centre, in field service or at the repair shop. The support centre is
normally the first contact between a customer and the organisation.
FaultFinder can be used here to diagnose faults and, if the job is to be
handed to a field engineer, pass on information about appropriate spare
parts and tools. Repair shops typically have several service engineers
maintaining a broad range of products.
Infologics
Sweden
LPA MacProlog
Macintosh
Sold Product
Released
Information retrieval system processing data on pests and
pesticides
281
Retrieval Systems
Retrieves and processes data about pests and pesticides
The system examines the results of applying
different pesticides under certain given situations. The following
factors are considered by the system:
- diseases, pests, etc detrimental to a culture;
-insecticides, pesticides, etc, against given diseases;
-cultures, application areas of given insecticides, pesticides.
I. Futo, F. Darvas, P. Szeredi
Hungary
1984
I. Futo, F. Darvas, P. Szeredi (1978)
The application of Prolog to the development of QA and DBM systems.
In Logic and Databases
H. Gallaire and J. Minker (eds)
Initial growth model for radiata pine in the Central
North Island
6
Forest management
To represent a mathematical model of the response of
young
Radiata pine trees to weed control; ripping; discing; and
fertilisation
on a range of sites.
A mathematically represented model of the survival and
growth of Radiata pine between ages 0 and 5 in the Central North Island of
New Zealand. The model is sensitive to variation in site quality and to
changes in management strategy. The program has a graphical user interface
which allows managers to visually compare the outcomes of alternative
strategies. ASCII file output is also provided; and will be accessed by
other models of growth at older ages.
E.G. Mason
Forest plantation establishment
New Zealand
PDC Prolog 3.2
None
3000 approx
150 approx
MS-DOS
In-house
Evaluation
not yet deployed to managers
none yet
24 October 1991
E.G. Mason; (in prep); PhD thesis at the University
of
Canterbury.
Mason; E.G.; D.J. Geddes; B. Richardson; & N.A. Davenhill;
1991; Application of Knowledge-based programming techniques to
cost-effective selection of herbicides in forestry; IN: Proc. of the
1991
Australian and New Zealand Institutes of Forestry Conference on
; edited by J.C. Allen
and A.G.D. Whyte; pp 292-300
New
Directions in Forestry: Costs and Benefits of Change
INTERACT
239
medical prescription
to give information about possible pharacon/drug interactions
The knowledge base contains information about how
to avoid the clinically manifested symptons, how to treat the patient
etc. Pharmaceutical preparations are classified according to the ATC
code developed by the Nordic Council on Medecines and recommended by
WHO.
The system covers clinically proven interactions of 1500 pharmacons and
drugs
Hungarian Institute of Pharmacy, IQSOFT
Hungary
MProlog
1800 clauses (KB), 900 (maintenance) 800 question
PC 286, MS-DOS
K. Konzné Zar‡ndy, K. Moln‡r: INTERACT: consulting system
for drug interaction. in A. G‡bor (ed) Expert Systems 88 - Knowledge based
information processing, SzŒmalk, Budapest, 1988. pp213-231 (in Hungarian).
IPHONE
457
Office Automation.
On-line electronic corporate phone book.
IPHONE is an interactive program which exploits the
database, non-determinism and pattern-matching capabilities of Prolog
to allow telephone operators to query a corporate phone book. The
phone book information, including the addresses, departments, and
managers of employees are stored as Prolog terms. Queries on any of
the
fields are supported allowing regular-expressions and fuzzy matches. The
application is built with a client-server application so that a single
(large) program has complete control over the data-base, while light-weight
menu programs provide an interface for users. Updates are supported through
a priviledged version of the user interface.
Peter Reintjes.
Intergraph Corporation.
USA
Quintus Prolog
none
553
131
Quintus Platforms
In-house
Released
12/90
10
11/92
``Prolog for an Afternoon on the Phone''
Intergraph internal document
ISCN Expert
87
Health
Interpret chromosomal abnormalities
The expert system allows geneticists to better reference
and interpret chromosomal abnormalities such as those which result in Down
Syndrome, mental retardation or physical disabilities. It interprets the
International Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature, which is the standard
notation used to represent human chromosomal abnormalities. These
notations, each representing a person's genetic layout, are maintained in a
computerized registry for reference and comparison against each other.
Inconsistencies may arise, however, because each chromosomal variation can
be written in a number of formats and thus be difficult to retrieve from
the registry.
Dr. Glen Cooper, Dr. J.M. Friedman
British Columbia Health Care Research Foundation,
Ministry of Advanced Education, Training and Technology of Canada
Canada
Arity Prolog
IBM PC AT with 640K RAM and hard disk
Sold Product
Released
Reference: G. Cooper, J.M. Friedman. Computers and
Biomedical Research 23, 153-164 (1990)
BC Discovery May/June 1990, Vol 6-1.
(IT) 2 Information-theoretic induction tools
304
Process optimization
Induction of rules from examples with real-valued attributes
used for the classification of semiconductor films
Based on given pre-classified examples the system
generates rule-based classifiers. By now, it contains two induction
algorithms, ID3 (originally developed by Quinlan) and ITRULE (Goodman
& Smith). Both methods were extended to handle real-valued
attributes efficiently.
Additional parts realize an interpretation and test environment for the
induced classifiers.
Erik-Kamsties, Gunter Seidelmann
Hahn-Meitner-Institut, Berlin GmbH
Germany
IF/PROLOG
None
~ 4000
~ 200
DECstation
ULTRIX
In-house
Prototype
October 1991
3
April 1992
J.R. Quinlan, Learning efficient classification
procedures and their application to chess end games. In: Machine
Learning: An Artificial Intelligence Approach, Tioga Press, 1983.
P. Smyth, R.M. Goodman. Rule induction using information theory.
In: Knowledge Discovery in Databases, G. Piatetsky-Shapiro, W.
Frawley (eds.), The MIT Press, 1990.
JONSWAP 3D Wave Force Analysis
99
Nautical Research
The joint North Sea wave analysis project was established
at Newcastle University and Imperial College, London University to develop
facilities for measuring the forces exerted by waves on structures in the
North Sea. The original code was written in Fortran and, as with the Genome
Project, a Strand88 harness was written which allows the application to run
on a wide range of different multiple processor hardware. (see
Computational Algebra for comments)
Newastle University, Imperial College, London
UK
Strand88
JUMAN
438
Natural Language Processing
Morphological analysis for Japanese language.
A Japanese sentence is segmented into a lattice
structure of words. The dictionary transfomation and look-up part are
written in C.
Yuji Matsumoto.
Deptartment of Electrical Engineering, Kyoto University.
Japan.
SICStus Prolog
C programs for the interface of the dictionary.
500
35
SUN SPARCstation.
Free/Public Domain
Released
February 1992
20
20 April 1992
KALIPSOS
232
User interfaces
converting natural language sentences into a rigorous formal
representation in order to allow deduction and information retrieval
Kalipsos is a shell system that converts French
texts into Sowa's Conceptual Graph model.
It includes a morphological analyzer containing 40,000 lemmas which
can recognize all the inflected forms in a French disctionary; a
syntactic botoom-up analyzer which applies a context sensitive
grammar of about 350 rules; a semantic analyzer which generates
conceptual graphs for sentences using the syntactic trees and the
semantic lexicon describing the meanings of words, including defaults
for unrecognized words.
There is also an information retrieval and deduction component which
applies expert system rules to interpret the conceptual graphs when simple
pattern matching is not enough. Finally there is a natural language
generation component for answers.
IBM Paris Scientic Center
France
IBM Prolog
370 (VM/SP) and OS/2
KAMIIH (Kasmoc Models programming environment
303
Engineering drawing in 2D and 3 D
Graphic definition and management of objects in 2D and 3D
domains
KAMIIH is an integrated system for graphic processing of
quoted engineering drawing. The modeling environment provides an
homogenous methodology for construction and manipulation of both BI and
three dimensional graphic entities, together with their topological and
design properties. The system allows the joint of data and functionalities
, and the visualization of object as well as of the coding correspondingly
to the single geometric component.
SUSI DULLI - VITALIANO MILANESE
University of Padova and University of Udine
Italy
LPA PROLOG 3.0
800
200
Apple Macintosh II FX
Soft: KASMOC
Personal
Prototype
January 1989
4
Nov. 25, 1991
Milanese V. "KASMOC: A clausal language for
cad modeling systems with morphological constraints". Computer
Graphics Forum. Vol. 9,1,39-51, 1990
Dulli Susi-Milanese V. "A Database Design for Graphical Models".
ACM Sigplan Notices, Vol. 25, N.12, 1990.
Dulli S. -Milanese V. "A Graphic Programming Environment based on KASMOC
to appear in Journal of Computer Graphics Forum.
KANAL (KArlsruhe NArrowing Laboratory)
367
Logic-functional programming.
Narrowing laboratory.
Narrowing can be used for equation solving in
equational
theories defined by canonical rewriting systems. KANAL implements different
narrowing strategies. KANAL offers statistical tools for their
comprehension and evaluation.
Stefan Krischer, Ralf Dieter Bauer, Andreas Werner.
University of Karlsruhe, partly supported by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 314, project S2).
Germany.
C-Prolog (original version by S. Krischer)
KA-Prolog (translated by R. Bauer)
LOPSTER (LOgic Programming with SubTypes and Extended Resolution,
order-sorted extensions by A. Werner).
circa 9400
circa 580
UNIX, SUN workstations.
Licensed
Evaluation
1990
5
August 12th, 1992
S. Krischer: Vergleich und Bewertung von
Narrowing-Strategien, Diplomarbeit, Fakultaet fuer Informatik,
University of Karlsruhe, 1990.
A. Bockmayr, S. Krischer, A. Werner: An Optimal Narrowing Strategy for
General Canonical Systems, Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop On
Conditional Term Rewriting Systems, to appear in the LNCS series (Springer
Verlag), 1992.
KANN (KArlsruhe Normal Narrowing)
369
Used as declarative language for general purposes like PROLOG
itself.
Compiler for the logical-functional language KANN which is an
extension of the KA-Prolog compiler.
A logical-functional KANN program consists of a
set of con
ditional term rewriting rules. A KANN query consists of a set of
equations to be solved by the strategy of left-to-right basic normal
narrowing. The KANN compiler is used to translate KANN programs and
queries into an extended WAM code in order to realize their
interpretation by means of narrowing and normalizing. By an extension
and modification of a given Prolog compiler it was possible to
implement the compiler very quickly. The numbers below are refering
to the whole in KA-Prolog written compiler. The indications in
brackets are describing that part of the compiler, which makes the
additional functionality of the
KANN compiler available in relation to the original (in source code given)
Prolog compiler.
N. Lindenberg, C. Scharnhorst.
University of Karlsruhe, partly supported by the
Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 314, project S2).
Germany.
KA-Prolog (WAM based).
7500 (500)
400 (20)
UNIX-OS, SUN workstations.
Licensed
Evaluation
does exist since 12 months.
5
August 11th, 1992.
M. Gollner, C. Scharnhorst: "Integration logischer
und fun
ktionaler Sprachkonzepte mit dem normalisierenden Narrowing-System
KANN",
Proc. of the 13th Workshop "Sprachen fuer KI-Anwendungen"
Bad Honnef 1992, University of Muenster. C. Scharnhorst: "Entwurf
eines uebersetzenden Narrowing-Systems
basierend auf der WAM", University of Karlsruhe,
Fakultaet fuer Informatik, Interner Bericht 9/91.
Karyotype parser
206
Genetics Research
This is one of a suite of programs for analysing
linguistically forms of the DNA molecule generated as part of the Human
Genome project. Karyotypes are specified with a nomenclature governed by
the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature. The parser is
able to determine from the number and type of aberrations specified by the
cytogeneticist whether the overall chromosome number given is accurate and
whether the karotype is balanced. It can also be used to answer questions
about ploidy of specific chromosomes.
D. B. Searls
Paoli Research Center, Unisys Corp.
USA
D. Searls. Prolog and the Human Genome Project.
Proc. Int. Conf. on Practical Application of Prolog. London, 1992.
D.B. Searls: Investigating the Linguistics of DNA with Definite clause
Grammars. North American Conference on Logic Programming 1989. pp189-208.
KASA
81
Software Engineering
To analyse the structure of large (Ada) software systems.
Information about the structure of a software
system
is obtained from an Oracle database. This information
is manipulated to form various graph structures. There are a number
of views based on these graphs that a software
analyst can use to determine more information about
the software, thereby assisting them to locate potential
"hot-spots" in the code. Queries can be made to highlight
packages with certain properties and trial
modifications to the software structure can be made.
The information can help the analyst determine
suitable changes to the structure of the system to eliminate
the hot-spots.
Philip Dart
Rudi Vernik
Gina Kingston
Defence Science & Technology Organisation
Australia
Quintus Prolog with Quintus Prowindows and
Quintus ProDBI.
Oracle database for information retrieval, and
results
storage. An Ada parser is used to put the initial information
into the database.
3500 (lines in current in-use system)
326
Sun SPARC OS 4.1.1
Personal
Evaluation
Jan 1991 - Information and views were in use as
they
we added to the system. Text files of the information
were used before any views were available.
3 (directly) + 3 (use results, screen dumps ...)
17 March 1992
Paper in progress.
KBTDA
127
DDB
a Knowledge-Based Database Transaction Design Tool Implemented
in Prolog
Submitted to PAC. Paper 233
Wang, Gray & Fiddian
UK
Poplog
Sun
6/11/91
KCM Help- Desk
128
Computer Systems
The KCM / Help- Desk Project
Submitted to PAC. Paper 317
Richard Bland et al
UK
SEPIA
KCM
31/10/91
KNOWLEDGE EDITOR 3.20
340
Computer Based Training.
General Purpose Training Program.
The user writes question/answer pairs to be learned
and enters them. The program presents these tests from time to time.
The intervals between the presentations of the same test varies from
some seconds to months or years depending on the previous performance
of the learner.
Tests can use DOS commands. Therefore questions or answers may include
graphics and/or sound. Was used to learn German shorthand, Thai alphabet,
HAM-radio abbreviations.
Albrecht Muller
Germany
PDC Prolog 3.20
DOS batch language for graphic and sound application.
void
void
DOS 4.01, AT 1 MB RAM, 20 MB Disk.
ca. 1988 (including previous version).
1
23/06/92
void.
Knowledge-based Image analysis system
228
quality control
visual quality control in the production of complete parts
Images of bread loafs produced by a line-scan camera are
converted and analysed by a knowledge based system for acceptance or
rejection. Particular aims are the provision of a highly flexible interface
for defining the acceptance and rejection rules and a sophisticated
explanation mode for treating dubious cases.
BIM, Saab Instruments
Belgium, Sweden
KONE Predicate library
129
Software Develpment
Prolog Predicate Library: A Practioners Approach
Submitted to PAC. Paper 209
Mr Kari Hakkarainen
Finland
17/10/91
KONFIRM
355
Database for church use.
Database to log candidates for confirmation.
The program logs candidates for confirmation, produces
address-stickers to mail them, or their parents, produces namelists etc.
It lets you search for any info, and make reports like: "who are all the
boys that sing in a choir".
Sigve B_
SigveSaker
Norway.
PDC Prolog 3.21 + PDC Toolbox.
None.
1500
37
MS-DOS
Sold Product
Released
07/91
12/08/92
KONFIX
130
PLAN
a Configuration System For SOS-Emergency Services Systems
Submitted to PAC. Paper 505
Peter Nordin
Sweden
"Prolog II, Arity, SICSTUS Prolog, LPA Prolog,
MacProlog"
"PC386, SUN Sparcstation 1, Mac"
6/11/91
KonText
12
Text Analysis
Text Analysis
KonText provides a range of text analysis facilities
including concordancing;collocation; wordlists and indexes. A range of
options allows the KonTextto operate in a multi-lingual group environment;
scanning text files withpowerful wildcard facilities.
Paul Holmes-Higgin
University of Surrey
England
Quintus Prolog
Quintus ProWindows
3000
330
Sun 4 / SunOS4
Licensed
Released
1991
5
Oct 1991
Ahmad; Fulford; Griffin & Holmes-Higgin; 1990; "The
Translator's Workbench";In (Ed.) C.Picken; 'Translating and the Computer
II'; pp. 394-403. ASLIB; London.
KORE/IE
219
Expert systems
A fast implementation of a production system in Prolog
The Knowledge-Oriented Reasoning Environment/Inference
Engine uses a speedy refutation mechanism, partial evaluation techniques
and fast searching for heads of clauses to provide a efficient
implementation of production systems which compares in efficiency with
compiled OPS5 when compiled with Quintus Prolog.
Toramatsu Shintani
IIAS-SIS Fujitsu Ltd
Japan
C-Prolog, Quintus
VAX 11/780, SUN 3/52
T. Shintani: A Fast Prolog-based Production System
KORE/IE. ICLP5, 1988, pp26-41
KORNPLAN
19
Logistics
Minimization of costs of transporting and placing grain.
Before and during the harvest; planners in grainfirms
have to minimize the cost of transporting and placing different types of
grain. The grain can be placed in a number of different locations; with a
lot of restrictions on placement. The "KORNPLAN" program helps the planner
optimize placement by calculating a suggested placement of the total amount
of grain. As the problem is P-complete this suggestion is not the best
conceivable solution; but the planner can interact with the program and
reach a satisfactory solution. The plan can be evaluated in a number of
ways; including a graphical representation of transports.
Lars Bo Steffensen
AHTS; Rosenoerns Alle 1; Frederiksberg C.
Denmark
PDC Prolog 3.21
None
10000?
500?
IBM comp. PC; DOS 3.3 or higher.
Sold Product
Released
1/10 1990
10
6/1 1992
L-Form
403
Form Processing.
L-Form is used in corporate or government markets to automate
form processing. Generate a laser graphic form.
The L-Form program series generates froms on
Hewlett Packard compatible laser printers. The L-Form program is
designed to process both individual forms or complete form series.
The L-Form systems permits any unlimited number of forms to be added
to the self-generating menu. Features
include, graphic forms generated on blank paper, builds databases of
information, form image entry screen on question and answer, automatic math
and logic calculations, single entry system, your company logos graphic and
forms, prints multiple copier with routing, look up tables, loads your
databases, currency conversion, automatic numbering, ascii accumulation and
transfer.
North Winds.
North Winds & Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc.
USA.
PDC Prolog
None.
15000
600
MSDOS 2.0 512K memory, most dot matrix, daisywheel & laser,
printers hard or floppy drive systems.
Sold Product
Released
September 15, 1992.
September 14, 1992.
N/A
LanguageAccess
30
cross industry
Natural language query of relational databases
LanguageAccess is a multilingual natural language
query interface to IBM relational databases DB2 and SQL/DS. It
notably lowers the complexit threshold faced by users who need access
to information from databases in IBM mainframes.
English and German modules have been announced and prototyping has been
performed for French, Spanish, Italian and Swedish.
M. Sanamrad; G. Jonsson; H. Lehmann; M. Zoeppritz; B.
White
IBM Nordic Lab; IKBS; T.J.Watson RC
Sweden; Germany; USA
VM/Prolog; Quintus Prolog; BIM, Arity, Sicstus
C; Assembler
60000
10000
MVS;VM
Sold Product
Released
12/91
1/92
IBM Corp (1990) IBM SAA LanguageAccess General
Information. Publ. no. SH19-6680
IBM Corp (1990) IBM SAA LanguageAccess Query Interface User's Guide.
Publ. no. SH19-6681
IBM Corp (1990) IBM SAA LanguageAccess Customisation Tool User's
Guide. Publ. no. SH19-6683
IBM Corp (1990) IBM SAA LanguageAccess Application Programming Guide.
Publ. no. SH19-6687
M.A. Sanamrad, I. Bretan. IBM SAA Languae Access: A large scale
commercial product implemented in Prolog. 1st. Int. Conf. on
Practical Application of Prolog, London. 1992.
Laser Blankrupter
396
Legal forms processing.
Completely processes all the Federal Bankruptcy Forms for
chapter 7, 11, 12 & 13 bankruptcy filings.
Laser Blankrupter processes and generates on laser
printers complete documents for chapter 7, 11, 12 & 13 for the U.S.
Bankruptcy Court. Sold nationwide through Julius Blumberg, Inc.
distribution channel, this program has new capabilities never
available in bankruptcy software. These include laser generated
Blumberg forms, the creation of dynamic forms (ie. the amount of
entry determines the number of forms produced) and a new file
achieving system designed for law firms. Price: $ 400.00.
North Winds and Julius Blumberg Inc.
North Winds and Julius Blumberg Inc.
USA.
PDC Prolog (100%)
none.
18.000
600
MSDOS 2.0 512K memory, most dot matrix, daisywheel & laser
printers, hard or floppy drive systems.
Sold Product
Released
10/1/91
9/1/92
Article: National Law Review by Richard Gertler.
LDM
268
Software development tools
A logic based development method
A logic based development method (LDM) is designed which
comprises of an extended logic programming language, a methodology for
software development and a program to support both the language and the
methodology. The LDM system makes possible efficient interactive testing
of specification by providing a compiler from LDM to Prolog.
K. Balogh, Z. Farkas, E. Santane-Toth, P. Szeredi
SzKI
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
K. Balogh, Z. Farkas, E. Santane-Toth, P. Szeredi
(1979)
Logic based program design
(Hungarian) Proc. of first National Conf. of von Neumann Computer
Society, Szeged
1979. pp 36-45
K. Balogh, Z. Farkas, E. Santane-Toth, P. Szeredi (1979)
The LDM system - a design outline.
SzKI report, SOFTECH D46, SZAMKI, 1979.
Z. Farkas (1981)
User's manual of the LDM system
SzKI report, 1981.
Z. Farkas, P. Szeredi, E. Santane-Toth (1982)
LDM -a program specification support system.
SzKI report, 1982.
P. Szeredi, K.Balogh, E. Santane-Toth, Z. Farkas (1980)
LDM - a logic based development method.
Reprints of Logic Programming Workshop, Debrecen(Hungary) 1980.
Leonardo
177
Database interface
Intelligent front end to free text database
Leonard provides an intuitive menu driven interface to
information of critical importance to the nuclear power industry. This must
be accessed for years to come by people wholly unfamiliar with the database
products and query language. The system also gives advice to the user on
improving the nature of the query, which in turn gives more meaningful
question to the database to produce the most effective response.
Quintec systems Ltd
UK
Quintec
LES - Laboratory Expert System
88
Biomedical Research
Expert System for Designing PC Boards
Rockefeller University's Biomedical Research Laboratory
produces "Labmaster", a PC board designed for biomedical research.
Labmaster monitors outside data and converts electronic signals to digital
signals that the computer can read. The specific configuration of of the PC
board required for a given experiment varies depending on the research and
types of data required. Determining an apropriate board for the experiment
can be a time-consuming and error-prone task. To minimize the time and cost
involved, Arity Prolog was used to develop the Laboratory Expert System
(LES). A research technician utilizing LES simply inputs the criteria for a
given experiment. LES, run on a PC, then analyses the requirements and
generates a list of possible board designs that meet the criteria.
Rockefeller University
USA
Arity Prolog
In-house
Released
LEX0
31
Legal expert system
Expert System on German traffic law
Cases involving illegal absentation from the scene of an
accident are interactively described and solved by the expert system
S. Grundmann; W. Schoenfeld
IKBS
Germany
VM/Prolog
1000
200
VM
In-house
No longer supported
6/84
1/92
LEX1
32
Legal expert system
Expert System on German traffic law
Cases involving illegal absentation from the scene of an
accident are described in natural language and interpreted and solved by
the expert system
B. Blaeser; H. Lehmann; W. Schoenfeld; M. Zoeppritz
IKBS
Germany
VM/Prolog
PL1
10000
2000
VM
In-house
Prototype
9/87
1/92
LEX2
33
Legal expert system
Expert System on German traffic law
Cases involving illegal absentation from the scene of an
accident are interactively described and solved by the expert system
B. Blaeser; H. Lehmann; W. Schoenfeld; M. Zoeppritz
IKBS
Germany
VM/Prolog
PL1
1000
200
VM
In-house
No longer supported
12/87
1/92
LIMBO
195
Airline planning
Aircraft maintenance planning
Limbo provides an on-line graphical environment to
prevent LIne Maintenace BOttlenecks. It can take information from mainframe
databases and provide a state of the art user interface on a PC
workstation. It makes sure that no maintenance job is delayed or omitted
without notice, checks for bottlenecks, integrates material consumption in
the planning, optimizes job selection so jobs are not performed more often
than necessary, an checks flight and maintenance plans for consistency.
PDC
Denmark
PDC
386 based PC with 12MB RAM, VGA or EGA monitor, OS/2 v 1.2 or
later. 3270 and LU6.2 communications currently implemented
Released
LIMBO - Line Maintenance Bottleneck Detection
21
Airline Fleet Management
Integrated Flight and Maintenance Planning
LIMBO is an on-line graphical environment for
aircraft maintenance management. The coordination of flight plans and
mandatory maintenance jobs is an overwhelming task for a large
aircraft fleet. With LIMBO this task is highly automated: Maintenance
opportunities are extracted from the flight plans and maintenance
jobs are allocated according to the complex rules of aircraft
maintenance and resource availability. LIMBO provides information
processing of data from large mainframe databases on a PC workstation
with state-of-the-art user interface and scheduling
features; hence providing an efficient and flexible tool for information
management. With LIMBO; maintenance planners can detect possible problem
situations and resource bottlenecks in a user friendly point-and-click
manner; allowing for timely action and rescheduling.
Lars Malmgren Hansen; Lars Henrik Jacobsen; Mikael
Nielsen
Prolog Development Center
Denmark
PDC Prolog
C
>10.000
<100.000
OS/2 PM
Sold Product
Evaluation
03/92
25
01/92
Linear Objects (LO)
15
Computer systems
Prototype of an interpreter for a process based concurrent
programming language (called LO).
The language LO is a logic based concurrent
programming language.
It is a tool for coordinating the behaviors of computational processes; in
an open world environment. It has an object oriented flavor; in the sense
of actors languages. In the prototype implementation; concurrency is only
simulated; using the coroutining capabilities of Prolog.
JM. Andreoli and R. Pareschi
European Computer Industry Research Center
Germany
Sepia
- compiles to some extended WAM code
none
1200
150
Sun workstation; Unix
In-house
Prototype
around June 91
4
November 91
Among others
"LO and behold! Concurrent structured Processes"
JM. Andreoli and R. Pareschi
proc. of OOPSLA'91 (Phoenix; Az)
LMT
204
Machine translation
Machine translation system for English to German
The Logic-based Machine Translation system is based
on a grammatical formalism called Modular Grammars based on slot
filling techniques developed by the author, which includes some
automatic semantic translation and handling of metagrammatical rules.
The principle aim of the system is translate computer manuals from English
into German, and testing was done on the IBM CMS Editor, XEDIT. It is
capable of translating around 6 sentences per second on an IBM 3081.
M. McCord
IBM Yorktown Heights Laboratory
USA
VM/Prolog
1,950 clauses, plus 1,750 for lexicons
IBM 3081
M.McCord. Design of a Prolog-based machine
translation system. Proc 3rd Int. Conf. Logic Programming, Springer-
Verlag, Berlin, 1986. pp350-374
M.C. McCord. Using slots and modifiers in logic grammars for natural
language. Artificial Intelligence, vol 18 pp. 327-367, 1982.
LMTX
205
Machine translation
Multi-target machine translation system
LMTX is a reorganization and subsystem of the
earlier LMT system which provides a shell for English-to-X language
translation. Versions have been started for French, Danish, Spanish
and Portugese and the German version is being further improved. One
can switch languages in the same session by simple command.
The analysis and synthesis phases are treated by different techniques with
no attempt at providing symmetry. It uses a syntactic transfer but with
semantic information in the transfer tree.
Michael McCord
IBM Yorktown Heights Laboratory
USA
VM Prolog
IBM 3033
M. C. McCord: A multi-target Machine Translation System.
Proc. Int. Conf. on Fifth Generation systems, 1988. pp1141-1149.
Loganair Scheduler
185
Airline scheduling
Help in planning and calculation of flight crew duty rosters
for airline
Reduces the time for calculating duty rosters from a
couple of days to two hours. Allows adherence to requirements laid down by
the Civil Aviation Authority, including mandatory rest periods and minimum
period of notification. Used to schedule the rosters of around 200 flight
crews.
Hoskyns
UK
LogicBase
131
KBS
"LogicBase, A Knowledge Base Program"
Submitted to PAC. Paper 368
Ruggles
UK
PDC Prolog
any IBM XT
6/11/91
LOGICLANDIA
433
Education, more precisely the teaching of predicates logic.
Supporting the teaching of predicates logic in Italian middle
and upper secondary schools.
LOGICLANDIA is a Prolog shell to create, edit and
query simple databases, which represent a formalisation of a given
problem in terms of classes of objects and relations among them. The
language used to interact with the software is a formal language,
which includes the logical connectives (and, or, not, implies) and
the logical quantifiers (existential and universal). LOGICLANDIA also
includes a facility that translates into Italian the student
formalisation of a query, to facilitate the students understanding
of their mistakes. LOGICLANDIA's user interface is implemented in C
language.
LOGICLANDIA belongs to a courseware aiming at promoting the learning of
propositional and predicate logic through a problem oriented approach.
Besides the software, the courseware includes a student workbook, teacher's
notes and assessment material. The courseware has been field tested in
Italian schools.
Donatella Persico, Carlo Innocenti.
Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche - Istituto Tecnologie
Didattiche
Italy.
Arity Prolog
Microsoft C 6.0
30000
1000
286 micro + DOS OS
Evaluation
September '92
400 during evaluation, hopefully many more when sold.
April 92
Persico D. (1990)
Teaching logic: why and how
in: Roy Winterburn (ed) Aspects of Educational and Training
Technology, Vol. XXIV, Kogan Page, London, pp.111-116
Persico D. (1990)
Guided discovery learning of logic
in: Education and Application of Computer Technology, De Blasi M., Luque
E., Scerri E. (eds), Third book of the biennal meeting of the Community of
Mediterranean Universities on Microcomputers and their Applications,
Edizioni Fratelli Laterza, Bari, pp.53-63,
LOPSTER (LOgic Programming with SubTypes and Extended
Resolution)
370
Used as declarative language for general purposes like
PRO
LOG itself.
Compiler for the order-sorted logical language LOPSTER
which is an extension of the KA-Prolog compiler.
LOPSTER is an extension of PROLOG by order-sorted
resolution. The main benefits offered by sort-restricted deduction
are shorter programs and hence smaller search spaces (part of the
deduction is effected during unification) and built-in inheritance
mechanisms. In order to implement dynamic typing the LOPSTER compiler
generates extended WAM code which can manage the order-sorted
unification on runtime. If possible, the compiler tries to simplify
statically the greatest lower bound operation on the sort lattice.
By an extension and modification of a given Prolog compiler it was
possible to implement the compiler very quickly. The numbers below
are refering to the whole in KA-Prolog written compiler. The
indications in brackets are describing that part of the compiler,
which makes the additional functionality of
the LOPSTER compiler available in relation to the original (insource code
given) Prolog compiler.
A. Biere, C. Hintermeier, N. Lindenberg, T. Weinstein.
University of Karlsruhe, partly supported by the
Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 314, project S2).
Germany.
KA-Prolog (WAM based).
9500 (1000)
500 (40)
UNIX-OS, SUN workstations.
Licensed
Evaluation
does exist since 2 years.
10
August 11th, 1992.
H. Huber, I. Varsek: "Extended Prolog with Order-
Sorted Re
solution" (1987), Proc. 4th. Symp. Logic Programming, San Francisco
1987.
C. Hintermeier, C. Brzoska, A. Biere, I. Varsek, T. Weinstein, A. Werner:
"Lopster: Sprachdefinition", University of Karlsruhe, Fakultaet fuer
Informatik, Interner Bericht 18/91.
Loqui
132
NL
A new approach to natural language interfaces
Submitted to PAC. Paper 440
A multilingual natural language interface (English, German, French,
Dutch) to databases. It offers a large linguistic coverage, a fully-
fledged discourse manager and an object-oriented representation of
the domain of discourse.
It offers response time of less than 1 second for complex queries.
BIM
Belgium
BIM
30,000
Sold Product
Released
LORSMS
494
Risk Calculation for optimising Safety.
Transport Risk Analysis.
Performs automatic event tree generation and
consequence
analysis to calculate the risks to passengers, the public and employees on
Rail Systems.
Steve Lympany.
British Rail.
England.
PDC Prolog.
None.
2000
200
MS-DOS on IBM PC.
Sold Product
Prototype
Feb 1993.
LTUTOR
34
Legal
Teaching a Law student about German Civil Law
Interactive solution of cases involving expert system
techniques
S. Grundmann
IKBS
Germany
VM/Prolog
1500
300
VM
In-house
No longer supported
12/86
1/92
MacCLINT
18
Machine Learning; Inductive Logic Programming
Interactive Concept-Learning; Theory Revision; Belief Updating
MacCLINT is a user-friendly interactive concept-
learner and theory revisor that combines several interesting
features: it constructs most of its own examples; uses knowledge;
handles integrity constraints; performs abduction; shifts its bias;
postpones examples and converges to knowledge bases in the limit.
This unique combination of features makes MacCLINT significantly
differe
nt from other approachess in Inductive Logic Programming. MacCLINT
contributes to the removal of the knowledge acquisition bottleneck; can be
used for intensional knowledge base updating and as a module for learning
apprentices.
Luc De Raedt; Wim Van Holder; Maurice Bruynooghe
K.U. Leuven
Belgium
LPA MacPROLOG 3.5
9000
525
Apple Macintosh
Free/Public Domain
Released
June 1991
15
Dec 17 91
De Raedt; L. and Bruynooghe; M.; Towards friendly
concept-learners. In Proceedings of the 11th International Joint
Conference on Artificial Intelligence; 1989; p849-856; Morgan
Kaufmann;
De Raedt; L. and Bruynooghe; M.; An Overview of the Interactive
Concept-Learner and Theory Revisor Clint. To appear in Inductive
Logic Programming; S. Muggleton; Academic Press; 1991;
De Raedt; L. and Bruynooghe; M.; On interactive concept-learning and
assimilation. In Proceedings of the 3rd European Working Session On
Learning; Sleeman; D.; Pitman; p167-176; 1988;
De Raedt; L. and Bruynooghe; M.; Interactive Concept-Learning and
Constructive Induction by analogy. To appear in Machine Learning Journal;
vol. 8; no. 2; p107-150; 1992.
Machiavelli
182
Sales planning
Sales planner
An extension to Prolog which offers
Dermot Bradley
UK
LPA MacProlog
Macintosh
Machine Assisted Terminology Elicitation Environment.
510
Translation.
Technical translation of large volumes of technical data.
M.A.T.E. provides a multi lingual text processing
facility including a term bank, building tools, grammar, style and
spell checking facilities.
It consists of a set of tools that allow graphical display of term bank.
The term publisher allows a number of multi-lingual and monolingual
dictionary formats.
University of Surrey-A.I. Group.
U.K.
Quintus Prolog.
Unix.
Evaluation
5
Jan 1992.
Ahmad,K, Fulwood,H; Griffin, S; and Holmes, P;
(1991)
"Text Based Knowledge Aquisition - A language for special purposes
Perspective" In (tds) I.M. Graham & R.W. Milne, R & D in E.S. V11, pp 148-
162. Cambridge University Press.
MacLogic
188
Teaching system
Teaching of systems of natural deduction in logic
Allows both top-down and bottom-up proof construction of
propositional logic proofs. It includes a special font for representing
logical constants ad a full on-line help system.
Dr. Roy Dyckhoff
University of St. Andrews
UK
Sold Product
Released
Macmillan Rehabilitation ?
184
Disabled computing
To aid disabled people to configure and maintain appropriate
settings on computer input devices
Rod McGill
U. Toronto with Hugh Macmillan Rehabilitation centre
Canada
LPA MacProlog
100KB compiled Think Pascal
(170KB)
Macintosh IIci
MailerMate II
398
Form processing.
Used to fill and print self-mailer forms using a micro computer
and printer.
MailerMate II is a friendly, easy way to fill in
your self-
mailer forms using your micro computer and to print them error free
in minutes. You type information into an electronic image of the
form. The form can be edited and printed immediately or saved to a
batch for later printing.
MailerMate II remembers information about your clients and
transactions. It does all the math calculations and pertinent data
from each form is saved in a transaction register. Its ASCII
mailmerger feature allows you to merge
your databases into your mailer forms. It also creates mailing lists, has
macros, uses almost any printer.
North Winds.
North Winds and Transkrit Corporation.
USA.
PDC Prolog.
None.
12.000
500
MSDOS 2.0 512K memory, most dot matrix, daisywheel & laser
printers, hard or floppy drive systems.
Sold Product
Released
January 1, 1991.
September 1, 1992.
Literature.
||MAPLE|| (speak: parallel Maple)
27
Symbolic mathematics
System for Parallel Symbolic Computation
||MAPLE|| is a System for parallel Symbolic
Computation where logic programming provides parallelism and
imperative programming provides efficiency.
It is built as a combination between the parallel logic programming
language Strand and the sequential Computer Algebra system Maple.
Since ||MAPLE|| can check for arbitrary algebraic properties in
guards; it may also used as constraint logic programming language.
Kurt Siegl
RISC-Linz; University of Linz
AUSTRIA
STRAND88
Maple computer algebra system:
400 KB object code C written kernel; 8 MB sequential library. Interface
Kernel: 300 lines C-code
250 lines Strand code
one guard and two body calls.
16 Transputer system under Helios;
delivered: All where STRAND88 is available.
Sold Product
Evaluation
1.quarter 1992
2
2. 12. 91
Marvin
8
Knowledge Based Systems
Knowledge Based Systems Development Environment.
Marvin provides a unified framework based on frames
for developing Knowledge Based Systems through three main levels of
representation:frames; rules and tasks. Various forms of forward and
backward inferenceare supported as well as Variable Precision Logic.
Its X-windows developmentenvironment makes full use of windows and
graphical representation of theknowledge structures.
Paul Holmes-Higgin
University of Surrey
England
Quintus Prolog
Quintus ProWindows
3600
1180
In-house
Released
1988
10
Oct 1991
MASS-C (Mechanical Assembly Sequence
Satisfiability-Checker)
365
Mechanical Assembly Sequence Planning.
Verifies and generates all assembly sequences based on the task
precedence ordering specifications written as a logic program of
implemented temporal predicates.
An assembly constraint language based on linear time
temporal logic of Manna and Pneuli. The temporal operators are implemented
as logic predicates so that any temporal formulae, asserting the acquired
assembly constraints, can be directly coded as a logic program of the
respective predicates. Auxiliary predicates are implemented to verify or
synthesize all assembly sequences that satisfy the logic program of
assembly constraints.
KiamTian Seow (Mr) and R.Devanathan (Dr).
Division of Instrumentation and Control School of
Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University.
Singapore.
Quintus Prolog Release 3.1.1 for Sun-3 and Sun-4.
Nil
145
32
IPC SUN SPARC Workstation, Unix operating system.
Personal
Prototype
March 1992
N.A
15th July 1992
[1] KiamTian%Seow and R.%Devanathan, ``Temporal
logic formulation of assembly sequence properties, '' Proceedings of
the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, May
1992. Nice, France.
[2] KiamTian%Seow and R.%Devanathan, ``A temporal logic framework
for assembly sequence planning,'' Proceedings of the IEEE/RSJ
International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, July
1992. North Carolina, USA.
[3] KiamTian%Seow and R.%Devanathan, ``An extended logic framework for
mechanical analysis of assembly sequences,'' To appear in Proceedings of
the Second International Conference on Automation, Robotics and Computer
Vision, Sept 1992. Singapore.
Master Project Coordinating Program
461
Intelligent Computer-Aided Building Design.Computer Integrated
Construction using Component-Based Building Systems.
The MPCP is a Blackboard System based on the Edinburgh BBS. It
is used to maintain a 3D solid model of a building for intelligent design
purposes.
The MPCP underpins a collection of computer-aided
building design programs which have been written to use components from a
well defined set of construction elements. The MPCP maintains the 3D model
of the building and filters out changes which will cause problems if the
building is ever constructed. It also looks for a given set of problems
such as clashing components, typically "silly" architectural details, and
so on. It flags the problem and generally has a few good ideas about what
to do about it.
Colin Bridgewater
Construction Robotics Research Group, Dept of Civil
Engineering, Imperial College.
UK
Sussex Poplog PROLOG, v14.1.
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long ***È
The building model is in ASCII text format on either PC-DOS machines
or the SPARCstation. The expert systems that have been written use either
AutoCAD's implementaion of LISP, K&R C, TurboPascal or LOKI (the Virtual
Reality interface script which has been developed by Mike Griffin at
Reading University - guess what, we can do "walkthroughs" of the MPCP
buildings using Mike's VR kit...).
The disk usage is ~ 250 Kb. I have no idea how many lines that
is.
150 MPCP-specific predicates, 240 BBS-specific
predicates.
SUN Microsystems SPARCstation 1, running SunOS 4.1.1 (Unix).
In-house
Evaluation
April 1992.
2 (one in Construction Robotics, the other in VR).
Current.
1. A New Approach to Automating Construction, Proc
6th Intl Symp on Automation and Robotics in Construction,
Construction Indus Inst, San Fransisco, June1989.
2. MPCP: Computer Infrastructure for A Component-Based Building
System, Proc 7th Intl Symp on Autom and Rob in Constr, Bristol Poly,
Bristol, June 1990.
3. On Automation in the Construction Industry, Proc Intl Symp on
Building Econ and Constr (CIB 90), 6, Sydney, 1990.
4. An Integrated Approach Towards Automating Construction, Proc 18th
Intl Association for Housing Science World Congress - Buildings in
the Future, Rio de Janeiro, 1990.
5. Design for Automation: An Operational Framework, Proc CIB W74 +
W78 Symp on Comp Int Constr, Architectural Institute of Japan, Tokyo,
1990, B22.
6. Design for Automation: An Operational Framework, in Computer
Integrated Construction, ed. H. Wagter, Elsevier Science Publishers,
London, 1992.
7. Modular Building Systems and the Role of Construction Automation
Systems and Robotics, in The Practice of Site Management, 4, ed. P.A.
Harlow, Chartered Institute of Building, Ascot, 1992.
8. A New Approach to the Design of Buildings for Automated
Construction, PhD thesis, Dept of Engineering, University of Reading,
Reading, 1992.
9. Component-Based Building Design Using Artificial Intelligence
Techniques, paper submitted to EuropIA-93 conference, to be held in
1993.
(all of these papers - with the exception of [8] - were written
jointly by all of the members of the Construction Robotics Research
Group. These were Prof BL Atkin of the Dept of Construction
Management & Engineering, Mr P Atkinson of the Dept of Engineering,
Snr J Ibanez-Guzman and myself
who were jointly owned by these two Departments of Reading University).
MATE
133
NL
The Machine Assisted Terminology Elicitation Environment : Text
and Data Processing and Management in Prolog
Submitted to PAC. Paper 428
Paul Holmes - Higgin
UK
PC + Windows
6/11/91
Mathias
49
Mathematics
Animation of Discrete Mathematics
Rules for Discrete Maths: to generate combinatoric
objects like sets and set operations; partitions of integers (sets;
sequences; bags); sub collections of sets; sequences and bags;
vectors and matrices; cartesian products of various kinds; functions
(total/partial; into/onto; oneone; manyone) and relations and
operations on them (closure; domain restriction; etc);polynomial
manipulation(not much); some useful system-independent input/output
rules and higher order rules for rules which have an infinite number
of solutions(count; sigma; memoization; while; reduce); standardizes
arithmetic functions (eg mod and div on negative integers; floor;
ceiling; power function; factorial;gcd; random numbers).
Works on a set of about 25 foundation rules called "underware" (for
easy portability) and provides a prolog-system-independent way of
writing standard Prolog with fixed meaning and guaranteed built-in
predicates. Uses built-in predicates where available and renames
them for portability. Takes about half to 1 day to port the underware
then the whole of Mathias runs identically on any system. Includes
complete on-line help (with key words) and on-line Manual of about 90
pages (generated by the system). Has been used on Safety Critical
systems and to animate Z specifications and network protocols; object
oriented set theory.
On top of the basic Mathias system described here; there are other
modules in preparation.
Dr Ron Knott
University of Surrey
UK
Quintus; LPA MacProlog; Arity; CProlog; SDProlog;
SICStus; NIP; PrologIX
3415 Mathias +400 (under)+ 3980 (Graphs)
262(Mathias+Underware)
Vax; Sun; PC; Apple Mac; Prime
Free/Public Domain
Released
1988; latest version 1991
Software developers; Z users; mathematicians; education.
9 March 1992
"Making Discrete Maths Executable on a Computer"
Proceedings of the IMA
Conference on "The Mathematical Revolution Inspired by the Computer"
held
in April 1989; Clarendon Press ; Oxford (1991) pgs 127-144; ISBN 0 19
853658 5.
"Using Prolog to Animate Mathematics" in 'Logic Programming: New
Frontiers';D R Brough (Ed);Intellect Books (1992) ISBN 1-8715116-25-
0.
"The Implementation of Z Specifications using Program Transformation
Systems: The SuZan Project" in I.M.A. Conference Proceedings Series
"The Unified Computation Laboratory" (Editors: C M I Rattray; R G
Clark); Oxford University Press; 1992.
"Animating Set-Theoretic Specifications using Prolog (Collected Papers)"
Technical Report; Department of Mathematical and Computing Sciences;
University of Surrey; 1989. This contains the 4 Alvey Reports on Animating
Z together with 3 papers on Prolog and the animation of discrete
mathematics.
MATRUSKA
71
Language Research
For creating specialized Russian-English/vice versa
dictionaries
Translation of words, phrases and grammatical
terms. Many-to-many relationships permit synonyms and alternative
translations. The program "automatically" translates both way by
sensing whether Latin or Cyrillic text is entered at the keyboard.
Use intended for special language domains (Petroleum technology, Marine
biology, Law, etc), or for students of Russian. The system built-in text
predicates are rewritten, e.g. "russ_fronttoken," "russ_upper_lower," etc.
Context sensitive help.
Audun Toennesen
Public Domain
Norway
PDC PROLOG
Requires a Russian Character-driver
IBM PC/ DOS
Free/Public Domain
Released
May 1991
Unknown.
March 1992
Max
134
Decision Support
Knowledge-based Decision Support : A Practical Application of
Logic Programming and Prolog
Submitted to PAC. Paper 278
Bhargava, Bieber, Kimbrough
USA
Mac
6/11/91
MCDS ?
256
manufacturing systems
Manufacturing Cell Design System
The configuration of the manufacturing cell is performed
by an expert system which selects appropriate resources for the given
manufacturing task. For layout purposes a special version of AUTOCAD system
is used. The scheduling, based on the previous results, is done either by a
traditional scheduler or by the simulation module itself.
George Kov‡cs-Istv‡n, Mezg‡r-S‡ndor Kop‡csi
Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Computer and Automation
Institute
Hungary
CS-Prolog
C, GSS*CGI graphics package
In-house
Prototype
Apr 92
George Kov‡cs-Istv‡n, Mezg‡r-S‡ndor Kop‡csi: A Prolog
Based Manufacturing Cell Design System. Abstracts of poster sessions, Int.
Conference on Practical Application of Prolog, London 1992.
McExpert
135
Decision Support
A logic programming model of multiple criteria decision making
Submitted to PAC. Paper 151
David McSherry
UK
MacProlog
Mac
31/10/91
Medical Expert Diagnostic System
96
Medical - GP
The Imperial Cancer Research Foundation developed this
system in association with the Oxford University Press to investigate the
feasability of providing a fully fledged medical expert diagnostic system
for experimental deployment in the surgeries of GPs. The system was
originally implemented in Prolog on a workstation but reimplemented on a PC
using Quintec Prolog using a database of medical knowledge and rules of
inference supplied by experts. The delivered system was able to provide a
rapid and comprehensive response to aid in the the GP's own process of
diagnosis, verification and elimination. The two phases took approximately
one person year, but the developers estimate it would take two months to
repeat the work. The system has been evaluated at several UK and European
sites and the methodology is now being developed in an oncology project
which includes facilities for the recommendation of effective treatment and
drug therapy.
Imperial Cancer Research Foundation
UK
Quintec
20,000 facts and rules
PC
In-house
Evaluation
MedPro
342
Medical records and billing.
Record patient information and bill for services provided by a
Medical Practitioner operating in Ontario, Canada.
A menu driven program which allows a physician to enter
and retrieve information on patients. Billing and reconciliation of
payments is also handled. The system supports multi-user access so that
the database may be viewed and updated by more than one person
simultaneously. Locking is done at the patient record level.
Steve Luck.
J.C.L. Enterprises Ltd.
Canada.
PDC Prolog 3.21
RT Link used for overlayes and run under VM 386 for
multi-station access.
9642 source lines, i.e. including blank lines and comments 7795
lines original 1847 lines taken from Prolog Toolbox.
334 made up as follows:
73 global; 229 local;32 global data base.
IBM PC running DOS or DOS network.
In-house
Released
06/91
08/92
MEES.
408
Expert System.
Economic Simulator.
An expert system for quantitative simulation of the
American economy, at the level of "if quantity 1 increases, then quantity 2
decreases". A rapid prototype, enabling the user to test various sets of
rules before building a more comprehensive system (in KEE, I believe).
Jocelyn Paine.
Mike Salant (private).
England.
Poplog.
None.
500.
50.
VAX/VMS.
Personal
Dead
12/1984.
1 (person).
3/1992.
Referred to briefly in "The Guide to Expert Systems" by
Alex Goodall, Learned Information, 1985.
MEGALOG
244
Database implementation
a persistent logic programming environment
Megalog provides a persistent store with database
transparency, database functionality, graphic systems, debugger and
profiler
Michael Dahment
ECRC
Germany
Member Risk System
509
Financial Analysis.
To analyse the credit assessments of customers to assess risk
analysis.
The Risk Assessment System analyses and advises on
risk value of customers.
The system receives a credit description focussing on key factors such as
level of financial resources, credit rating of members parent company etc,
together with an overall intuitive rating of members risks. These details
are logically analysed to derive useful risk info and this is then used in
managing members risk.
London Clearing House.
Martyn Holmes.
U.K.
Quintus Prolog
Unix.
In-house
Released
720
Summer 1991
MessageQ
420
Business and information systems.
Phone Message tracking system.
Quintus MessageQ is a client/server tracking system
which has a Prolog database process acceptiong connections from
multiple client front ends. The client is a Prolog process which
lets the user make database queries using a Motif graphical user
interface to give an example
against which to search. Receptionists use this system to take telephone
messages for employees, and a copy of the message is automatically sent to
the employee by email. Reports of messages can be created graphically and
emailed or faxed electronically.
Georges Saab.
Quintus Corporation.
USA.
Quintus Prolog 3.1.1.
C, 5%
1000 unique lines.
?
Sun, Dec, IBM RS6000, HP, Intergraph.
Sold Product
Released
March 1991
100
March 1992
none.
MESSE
240
medical treatment
consulting system for advice on special gastroenerological
examination
The Medical Expert System for Special Examinations
aids in choosing the most appropriate special examination for a
patient, checks the indications and contraindications, provides
information including the time of the examination for the doctor,
nurse and patient.
It covers 7 types of examinations, 16 illnesses, 35 indications, 25
contraindications, 35 information data groups.
St. Margaret Hospital, Budapest, IQSOFT
Hungary
MProlog 2.3 and MProlog Dialog
1500 clauses
610
PC 286, MS-DOS
In-house
Prototype
MINOTAURO 1000
378
Train dispatching and control.
Decrease the operator resolution time of failures on trains on
the track lines by means of dialoging expert system.
Expert system for the control of failures on the series
1000 trains. System developed in Prolog and installed on a PS/2 IBM in the
Control Room of Metro de Barcelona (Subway) in Sagrada Farnilla. Operating
since 1989.
Antonio Trias.
AIA
Spain.
Turbo Prolog 2.0 (Now PDC Prolog).
3500
280
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS
Delivery PS/2 IBM / MS DOS
Sold Product
Released
08/1989
07/92
MINOTAURO 3000
382
Train dispatching and control.
Decrease resolution time of failures on trains on the track
lines by means of a dialoging expert system.
Expert system for failures control on the 3000 and 4000
series of trains. Project developed and now being installed at Metro de
Barcelona.
Xavier Fustero and programmers team.
AIA
Spain
PDC Prolog 3.31
void
3780
287
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS
Delivery PC 386 / MS DOS
Sold Product
Released
07/1992
MIS
252
Program synthesis
program synthesis from examples
The Model Inference System provides a tool for
inductively synthesizing programs from examples. The method involves
specifying a set of facts and an initial program which is a set of clauses
and progressively debugging the program by use of the PDS algorithm.
Ehud Y. Shapiro
Yale University
USA
E. Y. Shapiro: Algorithmic Program Debugging. MIT Press,
1982.
MISTRAL
474
Dam safety.
Filtering, intepretation and explanation of alarms coming from
automatic monitoring systems of dams.
MISTRAL is an expert system for evaluating,
explaining and filtering alarms generated by automatic monitoring
systems of dams.
MISTRAL belongs to a family of systems developed within the project
DAMSAFE for managing dam safety. The aims of MISTRAL are to provide
on-line interpretation of the behaviour of a dam and to reduce the
requests of expert intervention. MISTRAL uses geometrical and
physical knowledge, heuristic and engineering judgement based on
experience. It deals with significance and reliability of the
instruments to assess the safety of the dam. The result of the
evaluation is the definition of the state of the dam and its main
components, and the identification of the physical processes going
on. An explanation of the state of each component and
process is generated.
Both the evaluator and the explainer are written in Prolog, while the
communication mechanisms with the monitoring system and the interface
manager are external.
Marco Lazzari.
ISMES
Italy.
ESLPDProlog2.
Microsoft Visual Basic.
1500
120
PC 386 / MS-DOS.
Licensed
Released
October/1992.
3
November/1992.
J.B. Comerford, M. Lazzari, P. Salvaneschi et al.,
"The role of AI technology in management of dam safety:
the DAMSAFE system", Dam Engineering, 3(4), 1992.
M. Cadei, M. Lazzari, P.Salvaneschi, "Safety management of
egineering structures using knowledge-based systems",
Proc. of the 3rd Int. Conf. on Industrial & Engineering
Applications of Artificial Intelligence & Expert Systems
(IEA/AIE 90), Charleston, S.C., July 15-18, 1990, ACM Press, New York,
N.Y., 618-627.
Mixtus 0.3.3
14
CASE Tool
An automatic partial evaluator for full Prolog
Mixtus is an automatic partial evaluator for full Prolog.
Given a Prolog program and a query it will produce a new Prolog program
specialized forall instances of that query. The program produced is meant
to execute more efficiently than the original program. No annotations are
needed;and Mixtus is guaranteed to terminate for all input programs and
queries.
Dan Sahlin
SICS
Sweden
SICStus Prolog
none
3776
460
Unix (whatever SICStus runs on)
Licensed
Released
24 May 91
100
31 Oct 91
"An Automatic Partial Evaluator for Full Prolog" by Dan
Sahlin; SICS Dissertation Series 4; 1991
MM4 Weather Modelling System
100
Weather Forecasting
MM4 is a mesoscale (medium-scale) weather modelling
system developed at Penn State University and the National Center for
Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado.. It gives relatively detailed
short-term forecasts of meteorological conditions in the continental USA.
It is used particularly to model pollutant dispersion (e.g. acid rain
deposition). The original program, which comprised 16,000 lines of Fortan,
was harnessed with Strand88 and tenfold speedups have been obtained with 15
processors.
Penn State University, National Center for Atmospheric
Research,Boulder, Colorado
USA
Strand88
In-house
Evaluation
MMI2
38
Multimodal interfaces / Expert systems
Multimodal interface for man machine interaction with knowledge
based systems
The project aims at making considerable advances in
the domain of interface technology by offering users a wide range of
interaction facilities within the same interface system:different
communication modes are integrated up to a point where the user can
mix modes in the course of a single interaction;an advanced dialogue
manager controls the interaction process; making decisions as to
user/system
initiative; appropriate response mode; context driven interpretation;
etc.;user modelling facilities provide an appropriate range of
interactions relative to the user's level of competence.
The demonstration domain for the interface is computer network
design. An expert system is built offering both design and technical
and commercial analysis functionalities. The result is a cooperative;
multi-modal dialogue between system and user.
The MMI2 system is a highly modularly built interface system and is
destined to be portable to other kinds of knowledge based applications.
Esprit II Consortium
BIM sa/nv; RAL; INRIA; ISS; Leeds Univ.; EMSE; CRISS
Belgium; England; France; Spain; England; France; France
ProLog by BIM
Prolog/C interfaces to SunView; C
+- 121.000 lines
+- 4700
Sun3; Sun4; SPARCstations
October 1991
"Architecture of a multimodal dialogue interface
for knowledge-based systems" Binot J-L.; Falzon P.; Perez R.; Peroche
B.; Sheehy N.; Rouault J. and Wilson M.D. In Proceedings of
Esprit'90 Conference; Kluwer Academic Publishers
"Multimedia and Multimodal Systems: Architectures for Co-operative
Dialogue" Wilson M.D. & Falzon P. In Proceedings of the ERCIM
Workshop on multimedia system; Lisbon; November 1991
"An Architecture for Multimodal Dialogue" Wilson M.D.; Sedlock D.;
Binot J-L.; Falzon P. In Proceedings of the second Vencona Workshop
on Multi-Modal Dialogue; 1991 M.M. Taylor; F. Neel & D.G. Bouwhuis
(Eds)
"Description of NEST; a Network design Expert SysTem" Balfroid F.; Jouve C.
Esprit project 2474; deliverable d45; September 1991
MODEL OODB
392
Object-Oriented Databases.
Add routines to make Prolog into a distributed
object-oriented deductive database.
Adds immediate and delayed assignments to Prolog.
e.g.
b:=integer. /*Integer type is readOnly*/
b#value:= 10 .
c(2):=b+b. /* Assign 20 to array element
c[2].*/
f(X)@=X+X. /* Define function f(X).
May add or union, depending on type of X
*/
cd f. /* Change directory to f to
look at f's rules*/
The slots and methods are consulted automatically if not currently in
memory. The files will first be ftp'd if not available locally.
Appropriate editors are called when cd'ing to image, animated drawings,
etc.
Prof. Dan Buehrer.
Institute of Computer Science and Information Engr.
National Chung Cheng University.
Taiwan, Republic of China.
Sicstus.
csh
1000
20
Sparc, Sun 3, Sun 4, Dec Ultrix.
Free/Public Domain
Prototype
Oct. 1992.
Sept. 23, 1992.
MODGEN 2.0-model generator for chemical processes.
484
Dynamic Simulation.
Dynamic simulation of chemical engineering process units
by a discrete structural model, generated automatically in
the
knowledge of the user-defined decomposition pattern and
prototypes.
MODGEN represents a completely new approach in
the dynamic simulation of process units in chemical engineering.
Using this tool, instead of the many-fold transformation of
the model through the mathematical construct and the numerical
algorithm, the process unit is automatically decomposed into an
executable Prolog program. Starting from the knowledge of the user-
defined decomposition pattern and from the actual prototypes of
the physical and chemical changes, the respective balance element and
elementary transitions are algorithmically generated in the form of
properly classified and ranked PROLOG clauses. The calculation itself is
simply carried out by the consecutive execution of the ranked elementary
transitions. The user can communicate with the system either through a
user-friendly interface or directly via the generating database. The core
definitions of the generating and executing metainterpreter can be
supplemented by the user defined prototypes of the given field.
Bela Csukas, Karoly Varga, Rozalia Lakner.
University of Veszprem, supported by the Hungarian
Basic Research Grant N OTKA-2550.
Hungary.
TURBOPROLOG 2.0, PDC PROLOG 3.1 CSPROLOG 3.25
(ALL-
MULTILOGIC Ltd., Budapest)
Can also be implemented in object oriented languages.
3000
350
PC/AT 386; transputer and work station versions in preparation.
In-house
Evaluation
9/1990
10
12/92
Csukas, B., Lakner, R., Varga, K., Jambor, L.:
Intelligent
Dynamic Simulation by Automatically Generated Prolog programs.
In: L. Puigjaner and A. Espuna Eds.: Computer-Oriented Process
Engineering, Process Technology Proceedings 10, Elsevier,
Amsterdam-London-New York-Tokio, 1991, pp. 41-46
MODGEN/DMS Dynamic Modular Simulation of Technological
Systems.
491
Dynamic Simulation of Technological Plants.
Dynamic simulation of complex technological plants using a
dynamic modular technique comprising the quasi-parallel or parallel
execution of the generated structural models of the process units.
In the conventional methods used for the
simulation
(flowsheeting) of a process containing recycle loops an iterative
calculation is applied. In the enhanced methods instead of the
direct parameter estimation a two-level calculating scheme is
used, where the upper level linear model calculates the streams
from the estimated efficiency factors, next the individual models
determine the new proposition for the efficiency parameters.
In the Dynamic Modular Simulation this complicated procedure is
replaced by a completely new method. The simulation of the
individual process units is solved by the MODGEN model generator
that makes possible:
-tthe modeling of each unit with the same algorithm, and
-tthe step-by-step saving of the data determining the temporal
state of the models.
The simulation is controlled by the supervisory module that in
the knowledge of the appropriate generating databases starts the
generation of the structural models and organizes the
communication between them. Then the calculation is carried out
quasi-simultaneously or effectively in-parallel, while between the
time steps the processes communicate with each other vis
messages.
The method can also be executed in a conventional
monoprocessor machine, however, using a multiputer machine the whole
system can the simulated simultaneously.
Bela Csukas, Karoly Varga, Eszter Pozna.
University of Veszprem, supported by the Hungarian
Research Grant N OTKA-2550
Hungary .
TURBOPROLOG 2.0, PDC PROLOG 3.31, CSPROLOG 3.25;
(ALL-
MULTILOGIC Ltd., Budapest.
1500
200
PC/AT 386, PC/AT 386 with transputer; work station version
in preparation .
In-house
4/1992
5
12/1993
MODGEN/HPLC - Modeling Preparative High Performance Liquid
Chromatography.
490
Simulation of Preparative HPLC.
Dynamic simulation of preparative HPLC (High Performance
Liquid Chromatography) columns by an automatically generated PROLOG
structural model.
The traditional modeling technique of the High
Performance Liquid Chromatography columns needs the solution of a
system of second order partial differential equations containing
nonlinear inhomogeneous functions and associated with rather
difficult initial and boundary conditions. In addition, in
preparative regime the columns are often overloaded,
consequently
discontinuities are formed and passed along the column.
Using the model generator, the process unit is automatically
decomposed into the structure of the primitive balance elements and
elementary transitions existing between them. The actual problem
can be defined by the composition of the liquid, by the components
to be adsorbed, as well as by the parameters of the approximate
multicomponent equilibrium function. The process unit is described by
its geometrical data, by the characteristics of
the adsorbent and by the process parameters including the liquid
flow rate, the mixing characteristics, etc. The calculation
itself is simply carried out by the consecutive execution of the
generated elementary transitions.
The generated structural model can advantageously be used
for the simulation of the various regimes of the column including change of
the solvent and/or the flow direction. The robustness of the method makes
possible its use for the modeling of the special techniques (e.g.
displacement chromatography, etc.).
Bela Csukas , Karoly Varga , Sandor Kovats , Antal
Aranyi
University of Veszprem and Pharmacenticals Gedeon
Richter Ltd.
Hungary.
TURBOPROLOG 2.0, PDC PROLOG 3.31, CSPROLOG
3.25;
(ALL-MULTILOGIC Ltd., Budapest.
Can also be implemented in object oriented languages.
1500
200
PC/AT 386; transputer and work station versions in
preparation.
In-house
Evaluation
3/1992
4
12/1993
In preparation.
Mondel Development Environment
429
Object-oriented specification development: Compiling,
execution, and validation.
Supports the formal specification language MONDEL: compiling,
execution, and validation.
Mondel Development Environment supports the
specification language Mondel. Mondel is an executable object-
oriented specification language with a formally defined semantics. It
has been developed for the specification and modelling of
applications in the field of real-time systems.It supports
persistancy and concurrency. The development environment supports
four tools:
1- Compiler: checks the static semantics and generates the internal
code for the interpreter.
2- Interpreter: executes the given specification by interpreting the
internal code which is generated by the compiler
3- Verifier: constructs the reduced reachability graph of the Mondel
specification.
4- Syntax analyzer: checks the context-free syntax of the given
specification.
Prof. Gregor von Bochmann, Prof. Michel Barbeau, Normand
Williams, and Aiwu Liu.
Centre de recherche informatique de Montreal
(CRIM).
Sponsered by: Bell Northern Research (BNR)
Canada.
Quintus Prolog
C language, YACC and LEX. Extent : 20%
Approximatly 15000 lines of Prolog.
Approximatly 1000 Prolog predicates.
SUN workstations/UNIX
Licensed
Released
January 1991
15
March 1992
G.v. Bochmann et al., "Mondel: an Object-Oriented
Specification Language", technical report, CRIM, 1991.
M. Barbeau, G.v. Bochmann, "Formal Semantics and Formal Verification of
Object-Oriented Specifications Based on The Colored Petri Net Model",
submitted to IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering.
MOP2
76
Project management, manpower planning and recording
MOP2 (Managing Our Projects, Monitoring Our Programme) is
a program and database to aid NPL DITC Software Engineering Group
in its project management, planning, and monitoring.
The current Software Engineering Group programme
has many different work packages, and many staff are working on
several. MOP2 is a Prolog program and relational database which
enable us to monitor the effort on each work package, and plan staff
time so that collaboration is possible and convenient. Full user
documentation is available (see reference below)
MOP2 provides various reports:
-- Person-based which summarise what a member of SEG has done (or is
planning to do),
-- Project-based which summarise the effort performed (or planned) on
a project,
-- Checks that the data is consistent, for example to show that the total
recorded amount of time for each member of SEG is correct.
Roger Scowen
National Physical Laboratory
UK
SICStus 2.1 #3
None
1500 (320 code, 350 database facts, 770 person/effort/project
facts)
33 (14 database facts, 19 program)
Sun 3/50, Sun OS Release 4.1
Free/Public Domain
Released
February 1992
2
March 1992
MOP2 (Managing Our Projects, Monitoring Our Programme)
Internal NPL DITC SEG report, SEG N12, March 1992.
Morphological Analysis of Hungarian Texts
265
Natural language
To analyse the morphology of Hungarian texts.
The system analyses the morphology of Hungarian
texts. The analysis is based on heuristics and it is done in two
stages:
a- the morphological analysis of verb forms
b- the morphological analysis of tagged nouns.
Z. Kiss, G. Proszeki, L. Toth
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
Z. Kiss, G. Proszeki, L. Toth (1979)
Morphological Analysis of Hungarian Texts (in Hungarian).
MTA NYTI report, SOFTTECH D41, SZAMKI, 1979.
G. Proszeki, Z. Kiss, L. Toth (1982)
Morphological and morphonological analysis of Hungarian word-forms by
computer.
Computational Linguistics and Computer Languages,
No. XV., Budapest, 1982.
Morse
501
Education.
Learn and practice receive morse code with sound or light .
Morse is program developed with its main purpose to
learn to
program in PDC Prolog and side purpose: to make a training program to
train persons to receive and decode, morse code from sound or light.
(Sound - for persond working with radio communications; light -
persons working at navy).
Speeds available: from 5 char/sec to 100 char/sec morse code are
organized in lessons in which 2 to 4 char (codes) are learned. There
are 18 lessons. Inside lessons characters are in random sequence.
Program can read and code
also ascii text files and characters / clauses can be typed from keyboard.
It is possible to build simple hardware interface to standard devices for
coding (oscilator. transmiter).
Vojko Kalan.
Slovenija.
PDC Prolog 3.20 /3.30 + PDC Prolog Toolbox 2.10
No.
1500
100
PC/XT/AT, MS DOS, DS/DD
Free/Public Domain
Evaluation
12/1991
2/2/93
Mosaic, 1.A.0
453
Strategy Board Game (with graphic interface.)
Mosaic is a strategy board game for the Macintosh.
Mosaic is a strategy board game for the Macintosh.
The
game involves the placement of colored square tiles under various
constraints.
The goal of a player is to build large regions that player's color.
Lindsey Spratt.
(none).
USA.
LPA MacProlog 3.5
none.
4000
800
Macintosh / MacOS Systems 6 and 7
Sold Product
Released
June/1992
2 registered (160 downloads).
10/30/1992
None.
MPSSS
136
SIM
Power Systems Protection Simulator
Submitted to PAC. Paper 268
Peter Kadar
?
Turbo Prolog/ Clipper/ C and dBase
IBM PC @ 286
30/10/91
MTN
270
Teleprocessing Networks
To generate models of teleprocessing networks
The system generates the generation of simulation models
of data processing networks. A simulation model is first generated in the
language GPSS. The description of the network (the topology, the line
control algorithms, the type of channels, etc) is entered into the system
from a user. The generated model traces the throughput of the system, the
waiting queues at the nodes and summarises other simulation parameters of
interest.
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
MULTI
456
Software Development, Electronic CAD Tool development.
Builds complementary parsers and generator from a
single specification language.
MULTI accepts a DCG-like grammar specification for
a language and produces a parser and a generator for that language.
These parser/generators can be built statically (as YACC does) for
separate compilation, or constructed ``on-the-fly'' in programs which
are language-independent, but need to load a language front-, and
back-end at run time. When used with PLEX (Lex for Prolog) the
MULTI/PLEX system provides an environment
in which a single language description acts as a source-file
for a complete system of tokenizing/parsing/generating software.
MULTI/PLEX grammars have been developed for VHDL, Verilog, Motive,
Synopsys, and AT&T's FPDL language.
Peter Reintjes.
Quintus Corporation.
USA
Quintus Prolog
none.
881
183
Quintus Platforms
In-house
Evaluation
N/A
3
11/93
Multipurpose Substation Simulator Shell (MPSSS)
53
Power Systems Training Analysis
Simulation of the operation of the protection devices in the
Power System Substations
The aims of the simulator are:
-to tutor and train the stuff in the substations,
-to drive at real-time the telemechanical channels of the SCADA
system.
The system represents the heuristic protection philosophy of the
substations.
There are 15 built-in protection scenarios in the system.
The simulator uses pattern-matching and black-board techniques.
Department of system Planning
EROTERV - Power plant and Network Engineering Company -
Budapest
Hungary
Turbo PROLOG
Microsoft C4
8000
270
IBM PC 286/386
DOS System
Sold Product
Prototype
6/91
4
1/2/92
Peter Kadar "A multipurpose Substation Simulator
Shell"
2nd Conference on AI, Budapest, 24-26 January 1991
Peter Kadar "An Expert System Application in the Hungarian Power
System"
Eng. Appl. of AI Vol.5 No.1 1992
N Derivatives of Composite Real Functions
266
Mathematics
To compute the N derivatives of composite real functions
The program generates the first N derivatives of a
composite real function by symbolic differentiation. The function may have
several variables of arbitrary complexity. Possible simplifications are
done at the symbolic level. The output of the program is a FORTRAN
subroutine for computing substitution values of the derivatives. Common
subexpressions are evaluated only once. The program is based in the state-
space concept.
V. Kofalusi, E. Halmai
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
V. Kofalusi, E. Halmai (1981)
State-space sets, state-space graphs and prefix expressions.
ACM SIGSAM Bulletin, 1981/2
V. Kofalusi, E. Halmai (1981)
State-space based data structures.
Hungarian Conference on Programming Systems'81,
Szeged (Hungary), 1981, pp 342-351.
Name matching
183
Office procedures
Matching of non-European people's names
Demonstrator for Automatic name matching, developed for
the Immigration and Nationality department of the British Home office. This
is particularly designed for non-European names.
Graeme Smith
BBN, Edinburgh
UK
LPA MacProlog
Macintosh IICX
NeoMail
343
Communications.
Electronic Mail Interface.
Augmented interface useable for both Cyrillic and
Roman Characters. Introduces mechanisms to dynamically configure
email groups as a system function. Interface categorizes mail
according to date/(source/destination)/subject, is highly visual, and
requires minimal computer knowledge and keystrokes: DOS and UNIX
interfaces indistinguishable. File transfer and data management
facilities integral to the interface.
Communications between DOS and UNIX provided via a fault-tolerant
streaming protocol across modem or RS232/422 terminal link.
Dedicated user shell provided for call-ins from DOS machines.
Fully asyncronous email system minimizes hardware investment, and off-loads
processing from UNIX server to DOS machines.
Andrew Petukhov, Duncan Campbell.
NeoText SophtWear.
Canada / Russia.
PDC Prolog.
C
2000
400
UNIX, MSDOS.
Evaluation
06/92
07/92
None.
NEST
137
Network design
a Network design Expert SysTem
Submitted to PAC. Paper 324
Christine Jouve & Fabienne Balfroid
France
BIM
31/10/91
Nestor
66
Corrective maintenance of telecom switching equipment
Repair expert system for electromechanical telephone exchanges
Portable repair expert system for Swedish Telecom field
staff, used in the maintenance of A-204 exchanges. The system also includes
a substantial amount of A-204 technical documentation; this information is
packaged into an Oracle database callable from the fault-finding system.
Another subsystem provides access to a central Oracle server where recorded
fault events in the A-204s are stored.
Annica Andersson, Rabbe Fogelholm, Nils Hagner,
Theo Kanter, Maria Lennman, Mats Lordin, Ann-Christine Nilsson,
Ingela Olsson, Mark Plotnick, Johan Svedberg, Anders Tunevi,
Dag Westling
Infologics AB, Sollentuna, Sweden
Sweden
Prolog-2
Subsystem for retrieving technical documentation
implemented by means of Microsoft C and an Oracle RDBMS. Subsystem
for
inspecting fault records implemented by means of Microsoft C and
Oracle
SQL*Net for dial-up access to a central Oracle server.
4500 lines of program code, plus 84000 lines of Prolog
clauses
that make up the diagnostic knowledge of the system
376
IBM AT compatibles, MS-DOS 3.3 or higher
Licensed
Released
April, 1991
30
12th December, 1991
"Hela stationen i en PC", Televarlden no 17, 1991,
p 14,
in Swedish.
Network Management
95
Retail network management
A sophisticated technology demonstrator for a retail
network management system. The system which makes extensive use of graphics
and object-oriented programming to model a network of point-of-sale retail
terminals interrogated by a central controller. The network information can
be altered graphically by the operator Ñ by clicking and dragging nodes and
filling in forms. Previous polling activity can be simulated by 'playing' a
log of polling events against the network which then uses colour to reflect
the changing status. The user-interface is further enhanced by the novel
use of video cassette recorder-style icons to control the event log play
back.
Quintec Systems Ltd
UK
Quintec
VAXstation running DEC Windows
In-house
Evaluation
NORMALIZER
261
Legal drafting
Provides possible variant readings of a legal text
from a drafting provided by an analyst. It outputs the results in
arrow diagrams, outlines and/or a normalized version.
The output from Normalizer can be used in AUTOPROLOG.
Charles S. Saxon, Layman E. Allen
Eastern Michican University, U of Michigan Law School
USA
Turbo Prolog
IBM PC
Free/Public Domain
Released
1985
1988
Layman E. Allen, Charles S. Saxon: Multiple
interpretation of the structure of legal rules: Impediment or boon to
legal expert systems. ICLP5 pp1609-1623, 1988
Layman E. Allen, Charles S. Saxon: Computer aided normalizing and
unpacking. in C. Walter (ed) Computer Power and legal reasoning. West Publ.
Co. 1985 pp495-572
NTM (Nurse Teaching Manager)
502
Administration
Planning and documentation of the education of nurses at German
hospitals.
Planning and documentation of the education of
male/female
nurses at nurse schools in Germany.
Dr. Raimund F_hnrich.
Dr. F_hnrich & Partner.
Germany.
PDC Prolog 3.2/ 3.21/ 3.30 (formerly Turbo Prolog
1.0/2.0)
There has been attempts to mix with C but they have
been cancelled.
7250
approx. 1200
MS-DOS 3.3 / 5.0 & DR-DOS 6.0. In addition to PharLap DOS
extender and OS/2.
Sold Product
Released
OBIS
475
Education configuration.
Configuration of an educational curriculum based on
professional requirements.
Product serves to improve the correspondence
between professional practice and education. Productivity gain
achieved approx. 500%
Product improves quality by ensuring consistence and completeness of the
model that is being constructed.
5 person company & customer team.
Syllogic.
Netherlands.
SWI-prolog.
SQL (Oracle), Xwindows + Motif, Syllogc Knowledge Sheet.
65.000
2.100
IBM RISC System 6000.
Licensed
Released
july 1990.
30
25 november 1992.
None.
Objective-Prolog
138
OO
Programming by step-wise refinement of data using Objective-
Prolog
Submitted to PAC. Paper 363
Mattias Waldau
Sweden
Objective Prolog
6/11/91
Oceanic
214
Insurance systems design
To provide all the programs for introducing a new insurance
product within a few days
Oceanic provides the experts (actuary, product
manager) with an interactive system under OS/2 that allows them to
express themselves in a language similar to their everyday insurance
language in which they can define the characteristics of the product
in detail - from basic formulae to office proedures.
When he is finished, OCEANIC automatically generates the executable
code which will allow the insurance agent to actually handle the
product: entry screens, accounting mechanisms, record management,
historical rollback etc.
Both the initial and generated systems are entirely in IBM Prolog which can
be run either under OS/2 (on PS/2) or MVS (on a 370).
SOCS (French insurance software house)
France
IBM Prolog for OS/2, IBM Prolog for VM
150,000
IBM PS/2 with OS/2, IBM 370
Sold Product
Released
3 (currently)
B. Robinet: Logic Programming at IBM from the Lab to the
customer. Proc ICLP8. pp912-921. 1991
OF
72
Activity Planning
Activity planning and tracing
A Manager's tool. Gives information about activity,
deadline,
who's responsible, details about the activity - like current status, etc.
Features a non-erasable trace, e.g. about delays, activity abortion or
success. Creates end-of-year reports. Context sensitive help.
Audun Toennesen
STATOIL - The Norwegian National Oil Company
Norway
PDC PROLOG
IBM PC/ DOS
Free/Public Domain
Evaluation
November 1990
12
March 1992
OLP
139
TOOL
A set of Prolog Programming Tools
Submitted to PAC. Paper 343
Cristina Ruggieri, Sancassani
Italy
OLP+ALPES
6/11/91
OMAR (operative management of aircraft bouting).
140
Aircraft Scheduling.
A Scheduling of the Alitalia Fleet, i.e. assigning tail number
of aircraft to flights.
An interactive system designed for the predictive
scheduling of the Alitalia Fleet.
The salving strategy combines network consistency and tree search
techniques.
Momigliano, Paltrinieri, Torquati
Bull Italia-Direzione sistemi esperti.
Italy
Quintus Prolog.
5QL - Database Interface
C++/Windows - Graphical Interface
20000
2500
Bull X-20 Minicomputer
Sold Product
Evaluation
June 1991
3
March 1992
"A Constraint Satisfaction Approach To Operative
Management Of Aircraft Routing", Third Int. Conf. of Industrial and
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert
Systems, Charlotte, NC, 1990-ACM Press.
"Scheduling Of An Aircraft Fleet". First International Conference On The
Practical Application of Prolog, London, UK, April, 1992.
ONE-LEVEL WORKSHOP PLANNER
285
Computer-aided design
Plans one level workshop buildings using prefabricated panels
The system plans one-level workshop built with
prefabricated panels. The ground plan is rectangle. The building is to be
constructed from columns, beams and ceiling panels. The data of the
available prefabricated elements (geometric size, net weight, supporting
strength) are given as an initial database. The system determines the
ground plan (the distribution of the ceiling panels) and chooses the
elements appropriate from the viewpoint of the geometric and statical
conditions.
Z. Markusz
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
Z. Markusz (1977)
The application of PROLOG for panel house design.
Informacio-Electronika XII, No. 3., 1977. pp.124-230.
Operational Rations Advisor (ORA)
294
Expert system for U.S. Army field operations.
Automatically prepare ration menus from given food base,
nutritionally balanced according to stated goals and environment.
Uses Arity window system but with menubar replaced by
multi-page bar. Histogram bars show carbo-hydrate, fat and protein content
of choice so far, and next choice increments before commitment. Buttons
provide next best choice or full completion. Required components are
enforced or automatically inserted. Repetition constraints are enforced.
Forbidden choices display reason. Food base changes are reflected in
dialog menus automatically. Interrupted work can be saved and restored.
Ray Reeves (Contractor).
U.S. Army Natick Research Labs.
U.S.A.
Arity Prolog.
None
1300
PC
In-house
Released
1989
Unknown
May 1992
None.
Opium
2
CASE tool
An automated and extensible debugger for Prolog
Opium is the preliminary result of a research project on
automated debugging. The aim is to have Prolog programs help to debug
other Prolog programs. The debugging strategies are primiraly based on
trace analysis. Opium consists of a kernel which provides a handful of
debugging primitives; connecting the debugged and debugging Prolog
processes. Those primitives are partly implemented in C. On top of the
kernel a number of extensions have been built; for example to automate the
debugging of non-terminating or failing programs. An extension handler
(fully implemented in Prolog) ensures that all extensions have a consistent
user interface and an up-to-date documentation. Prolog is the command
language of the tracer; together with the tracing primitives this provides
a query language which is more general and user-friendly than the usual
programmable conditional breakpoints.
Mireille Ducassé and Anna-Maria Emde
European Computer-Industry Research Centre
Germany
Sepia (ECRC's Prolog)
C
21000 lines of commented Prolog; 17000 lines of plain Prolog
3000
Sun3/4; Unix
Licensed
Released
December 90
5
November; 11th 1991
M. Ducassé and A.-M. Emde. Opium user manual.
Technical report TR-LP-60; ECRC Arabellastrasse 17; D-8000 Munich 81;
Germany. May 91.
M. Ducassé. Abstract views of prolog executions in Opium. In V.
Saraswat and K. Ueda; editors; Proceedings of the International Logic
Programming Symposium. ALP; MIT Press; October 1991.
M. Ducassé and A.-M. Emde. Opium: a debugging environment for Prolog
development and debugging research. ACM Software Engineering Notes;
16(1):54--59; January 1991. Demonstration presented at the Fourth
Conference on Software Development Environments; SIGSOFT'90.
M. Ducasse'. Opium+; a meta-debugger for Prolog. In Proceedings of
the European Conference on Artificial Intelligence; pages 272--277;
Munich; August 1988. ECCAI.
M. Ducasse'. Analysis of failing Prolog executions. In Proceedings
of the ICLP'91 Pre-conference Workshop on Logic Programming
Environments; Paris; June 1991. Proceedings published as Technical
Report LIFO N 91-61; University of Orleans; France.
A.-M. Emde and M. Ducasse'. Automated debugging of non-terminating Prolog
programs. In S. Bourgault and M. Dincbas; editors; Actes du Se'minaire de
programmation en Logique; pages 89--103. CNET; Lannion; May 1990.
Optimist
60
Oil exploration
To assist geologists in oil exploration
The Optimist system was developed at the Turing
Institute to assist geologists in assessing the probability of
finding oil at prospective sites. Reasoning in this domain is
characterised by the existence of different arguments for different
conclusions, and experts frequently disagree. Unlike typical domains
where expert systems have been developed, there is no single, agreed
on, provably correct answer about the likelihood of finding oil.
To assist experts in appraising oil likelihood, Optimist maintains
separate models of experts' opinions stored both as rules and as
records of specific oil prospect appraisals. The system and user
`argue' to interactively assess a new prospect, Optimist assisting
the expert by arguing for consistency with previous decisions of
this and other users. The importance of these approaches -
personalised knowledge and an `argumentative' style of interaction -
lie in the system's ability to construct, faithfully remember and
replay models of expert's reasoning and to highlight previous
relevant appraisals the expert may be unaware of.
The system has been in commercial use for over two years.
Turing Institute Ltd., Glasgow, UK
written for Enterprise Oil plc., London, UK
UK
Quintus Prolog (V3)
C (
<5%), HyperNeWS (direct manipulation user interface)
15000
(Current) Sun Sparc / UNIX
Licensed
Released
October 1989
5
24th March 1992
Clark P. (1990) "Representing Knowledge As
Arguments: Applying Expert System Technology to Judgemental Problem-
Solving", in "Research and Development in Expert Systems VII", 147-
159, 1990, Cambridge Univ. Press, Eds: T. R. Addis and R. M. Muir
(also available as TIRM-90-043 from Turing Institute, 36 N Hanover
St, Glasgow, UK)
Clark P. (1991) "A Model of Argumentation and its Application in A
Cooperative Expert System", PhD Thesis, Dept. of CS, Univ. of Strathclyde,
Glasgow, UK.
OPUSPC
39
Airline Planning
Real-Time Monitoring and decision support for airline Movement
Control Center and placing grain.
System for Monitoring a complete Airline fleet. The
system communicates with an IMS system on an IBM mainframe via 3270-
communication. OPUSPC receives in real-time all the changes made to the
traffic plans; and shows location bottlenecks etc. The system is a
decision-support tool for the planners of the SAS fleet.
Andrew Parrett; Finn Groenskov
Prolog Development Center
Denmark
PDC Prolog
none
>10,000
IBM comp. PC; DOS 3.3 or higher.
Sold Product
Released
April 1988
100
01/92
OSM
208
Medical information systems
a comprehensive information management and decision support
system for general practitioners
OSM supports a number of knowledge and information
retrieval functions, providing the user with rapid access to textual
information from text sources, knowledge bases or patient database.
Graphical display and ineraction capabilities (diagrams, images,
numerical plots, body charts) are under development.
The current knowledge base is only a fragment of the eventual
requirement for general practice, being about 16,000 facts covering
joint pain, nausea, vomiting and breathlessness. Assuming a full
knowledge base of around 10 million facts, a storage requirement of
200MB is indicated.
The system also incorporates the compact disk version of the Oxford
Textbook of Medecine, a 300-author general medical reference work,
and uses its indexes to retrieve text.
Other aspects include decision support, case reporting, patient notes and
the Bordeaux Oncology Support System.
John Fox, et al.
Imperial Cancer Research Fund
UK
Prolog 2?
C
PC AT or better
In-house
Prototype
John Fox, A Glowinski, C. Gordon, S. Hajnal, M. O'Neill.
Logic Engineering for knowledge engineering: design and implementation of
the Oxford System of Medecine. Artificial Intelligence in Medecine 2,
pp323-339. 1990
OTAS
217
Financial
a decision support system for analysis of stock options
investment stratgies
The Options Trading Analysis System automatically
generates and analyzes investment strategies based on standard
vertical option combinations. Its main elements are:
a numeric database containing stock market data
a symbolic database cntaining rules describing standard options
combinations
a numeric routine for the valuation of individual options
a linear algebra module for the analysis of options combinations
a driving module that generates options positions and triggers the
analysis
an input-output module that provides a spreadsheet-like interface
a portfolio maintenance module that creates and updates portfolios and
provides expert recommendations on follow-up options
T. Huynh, Catherine Lassez
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights
USA
CLP(R) compiler
IBM RT/PC and VM
Evaluation
T. Huynh, C. Lassez: A CLP(R) Options Trading
Analysis System. Proc. ICLP5, pp59-69. 1988.
C. Lassez, K. McAloon, R. Yap: Constraint Logic Programming and Options
Trading. IEEE Expert Vol 2,n.3, Fall 1987.
P/FDM
141
OODB
Using Prolog to Provide Access to Metadata in an Object-
Oriented Database
Submitted to PAC. Paper 128
Suzanne Embury
UK
Prolog/FDM
30/10/91
PAGAI
25
Intelligent Databases
Bibliographic database system with intelligent retrieval using
term relationship networks
PAGAI is system for large-size databases. It uses a term
relationship network (a semantic network and thesaurus in one) with all the
relevant terms for the domain in question. The network is used for
automatic reformulation of search queries; by narrowing in or broaden a
given search expression. The network is also used in search process.
Henrik Zangenberg
Prolog Development Center
Denmark
PDC Prolog
>10.000
<100.000
DOS OS/2
In-house
Prototype
05/89
10
01/92
PAPAIN
507
Genetic Research.
Protein sequence analysis.
PAPAIN provides intelligent assistance in manipulating
and interating diverse sources of information in a manner that will permit
experimentation with hypothesis formation and reasoning styles. QP has
been used in the development of formal techniques for modelling strategic
reasoning constraint propagation and the management of uncertainty in
protein sequence analysis and structure prediction.
Imperial Cancer Research Foundation.
U.K.
Quintus Prolog.
Quintus ProWindows.
Unix (Sun).
In-house
Released
April 1992.
PARAFLOG
267
Dataflow Modelling
Emulate the dataflow language PARAFLOG
An implementation of PARAFLOG, a high level
applicative dataflow language. PARAFLOG
is a definitional language without control structures, variables or
assignment. It is very easy to learn and use in a parallel
environment, without the need of explicit parallel program
constructs. The system consists of two programs:
-a compiler that converts PARAFLOG programs to a dataflow graph
-an interpreter that simulates the dataflow execution
A. Doman
SzKI
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
A. Doman (1981)
An applicative language for highly parallel programming.
SzKI Report, 1981
A. Doman (1982)
Cellural dataflow parallel processor for high speed computation.
(Hungarian) PhD Dissertation, 1982
PC-PARLOG and MAC PARLOG
302
Parallel programming
Programming language systems for PARLOG on the IBM-PC and
Macintosh.
These are full implementations of the PARLOG language,
including 'deep guards' and simulated and- and or-parallelism. The
compiler generates fully debuggable code and the envirinment provides
advanced tracing facilities, including channel spypoints. Has over 100
primitives.
Tom Conlon and Steve Gregory
Parallel Logic Programming Ltd
UK
LPA - Professional/MacProlog
PARLOG - about 5%
200K Source approx.
IBM + MS DOS
Mac + System 6 or 7
Sold Product
Released
October 1989
100+
December 1991
1. 'Programming in PARLOG'. Addison- Wesley 1989,
by Tom Conlon
2. 'Parallel Logic' Programming in PARLOG' Addison-Wesley 1987, by
Steve Gregory
3. BYTE, International Section, pp80-5 to 80-14, October 1989.
PCM
61
Program development, configuration management
support Prolog program development, rapid prototyping,
configuration management, software re-use, program
visualisation
PCM is a repository for Prolog, C and SQL
procedures,
with a collection of tools to support Prolog program
development and testing, software reuse, type and mode
checking, configuration management, automated building,
call dependency browsing, dialect conversion etc.
System Engineering Research Group
Computer Science Dept., Keele University
UK
Quintus Prolog 3.X
C and SQL (tightly coupled to an Oracle V6 RDBMS
kernel
via Keylink's ProDATA interface)
25,000 lines of code including comments
1,000 (plus another 15,000 in libraries)
Sun 4 (SPARC) under SunOS 4.1
In-house
Evaluation
November 1988
10
6th April 1992
Technical reports available from "Contact"
PCUBE or P3
142
Production and other scheduling.
Prolog-like Surfaced Expert System for an Overall Support of
Parallel and Concurrent Process Systems
P3 gives every such possible schedulings of a system of
parallel and concurrent processes that satisfy the user given goals of the
system. These schedules are expressed in the form of time-tables. The
system itself is given by the permitted steps of the processes. The user
need not but may, of course, connect any of the steps to specified
processes. Besides a wide scale of SIMULA 67-like process interaction -
communication instructions resource handling is also available. The
implementation tool of the system is not PROLOG but on its user level it
behaves as if it was written in PROLOG taking the style of problem
description (set of clauses) and its back -tracking mechanism into
consideration. The system is implemented in a hierarchical way. The first
implementation level is a list processing language and this is implemented
presently in FORTH but we plan to change FORTH for C or C++. Due to this
second implementation level PCUBE is able to actually control the users
process system according to the time-table found. The system is available
on IBM XT/AT.
Katalin Szenes & Peter Forro
Hungarian Telecomm../ Ctr. of Information.
Hungary
FORTH programming language (base implementation)
IBM PC XT/AT HW
none- SW
20/03/92
K. Szenes: Planning the activity schedule of
process systems by the means of an AI based system.
Procds. of the 27th International MATADOR Conf., 20-21 Apr. , 1988,
Manchester, ed. : B. J. Davies, UMIST, MACMILLAN Education Ltd. , 1988.
, 139 - 144.
PDM
414
Used to define an intelligent model construction
assistant to
decision support systems designed to support production and distribution
planning.
Assists in the formulation of Linear Programming
models in the Production Planning Domain.
Ramayya Krishnan.
USA
C Prolog
1000
Developed on Vax 11/780, Ported to a DEC 3100 .
Personal
Prototype
12/87
1
5/88
Two papers in the Internation Journal of Decision
Support Systems, DSS, Vol. 6, pp. 123-152; Vol. 7, pp. 301-314.
PDS - diagnosis system
253
Program debugging
a declarative debugging system for a subset of Prolog
Program faults are divided into three classes: incorrect
solutions, missing (uncovered) solutions and non-termination. For each of
these different algorithms are provided which will generally pinpoint the
clause in error, with varying efficiency, by use of an oracle (the user)
who knows the status of ground instances of all intended relations. The
system is limited to ground queries in pure Prolog.
Ehud Y. Shapiro
Yale University
USA
Wisdom Prolog, Dec-10 Prolog
E. Y. Shapiro: Algorithmic Program Debugging. MIT Press,
1982.
PEP2
143
NL
Parallel Expert Parser: A Rule- Based Spreading-Activation
Model for Natural Language Understanding
Submitted to PAC. Paper 327
Bourgois et al
Germany
Flat Concurrent Prolog
6/11/91
Peptides Model Prediction System
263
Pharmaceutical research
Calculation of parameters predicting biological activity for
peptides
The system generates a family of structure activity
models and at the same time facilitates prediction of the biological
activity on the basis of these models.It infers chemical structure
units (substructures, fragments) from the aminoacid (i.e., chemical)
composition of peptides and assigns numerical parameters to the
relevant units. This is done by Prolog programs. The relationship
between the parameters and the biological activities of peptides
is obtained by running Fortran programs.
F. Darvas, A. Lopata, Gy. Matrai
EGYT (Pharmaceutical works)
Hungary
MPROLOG
FORTRAN
ORDRA 1305/GEORGE OS
1980
1984
F. Darvas, A. Lopata, Gy. Matrai (1980)
A specific QSAR model for peptides.
In Quantitative Structure Activity Analysis.
F. Darvas (Eds), Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 1980.
Perfect Pitch
103
Sports medecine
Sports surfaces advisor
Expert system to advise the safest and most
economical sports surface to use for a given sport. Will also advise
formal specification to aid in the tender process.
Suitable for local government, engineers, architects, etc.
Michael Brown
Entretec Pty & Sports Technology Pty
Australia
PDC Prolog v 3.21
4600
550
DOS
Sold Product
Released
June 1990
March 1992
PERSONAL CASHFLOW
449
Personal financial analysis.
Home budgeting program.
PERSONAL CASHFLOW applies modern business
techniques to the serious business of managing your own money
including:
- preparing regular financial statements.
- preparing budgets and measuring your actual performance against
them.
- analysing your cash flow.
- forecasting and planning for the future.
To make it easy to use, it has the familiar look and feel of
a spreadsheet. It is not however just like any spreadsheet. It's a
set of "hot-linked" or integrated spreadsheets and data screens -
when you make an entry in CASHFLOW it ripples instantly through
all these
spreadsheets to update them.
PERSONAL CASHFLOW does not apply artificial intelligence as such but
is a good example of how a high level language like PDC Prolog can be
used to produce a succesfull retail programme.
PERSONAL CASHFLOW for the PC costs just 69 pounds sterling or 5 pounds for
a demo disk.
Ken Tyson.
Majengo Software Ltd.
United Kingdom.
PDC Prolog 3.21
None.
1,897
142
IBM PC and compatibles.
Sold Product
Released
February 1991
500
May 15, 1992
Personal Notekeeper
361
Intelligent Text-retrieval for multilingual Documents; Secure
Electronic Notebook.
Integrated, intelligent, multilingual, Fulltext Database
for
documents up to 64 KB, providing enhanced security features as high-speed
encryption and access control. Specially suited for sensitive text's and
notes on laptop's.
Personal Notekeeper is an intelligent text-
retrieval system
designed as an "easy-to-use" electronic Notebook that handles an
almost unlimited number of documents with sizes up to 64KB. Each
database can optionally be locked with different access-control
levels, and specific privileges can be granted for as many users
desired. Additional mechanisms can be "armed" in order to protect a
DB from unauthorized "break-in attempts". Each document in a DB can
be encrypted with a new and efficient encryption method, making
sensitive information virtually unaccessible to unauthorized persons.
Documents can be read from disk and/or edited in the integrated
editor. Each
document has its own "Title-Sheet", where a title and additional
information has to be specified. This way the documents can be classified
and logically grouped like in a conventional database. An optional
Expiration-Date enables the program to automatically remove "expired"
documents in order to prevent the DB from growing unnecessary. With the
complex search capabilities of Personal Notekeeper it is possible to
quickly find any requested document or set of documents. Multilingual
searches with automatic keyword translation between the five major EEC
languages (English, German, French, Spanish and Italian) make finding of
foreign language documents easy. Also documents with Synonyms of searched
keywords will be found, if requested.
Stefan Lago.
none.
Switzerland.
PDC Prolog 3.30 for DOS
10 % C
app. 25.000
app. 800
IPDC Prolog 3.30 for DOS
Licensed
Evaluation
June 1992
void
July 1. 1992
PESKY
344
Quarantine, Management of Naure Reserves, Farming.
To assess the risk of damage to plants or animals caused by
introduction of potential pests.
PESKY uses a special format for the rules and accesses
databases continuing meteorological data as well as the output from models
which predict the suitability of pest populations under the local
conditions. This data, together with input from the user is used to assess
the potential damage to biological systems to be expected from the pest at
any location in a particular season.
W. Bottomley and R.W. Sutherst.
Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Pest Management.
Australia.
PDC Prolog.
None.
1500
125
PC using MSDOS.
Evaluation
1991
07/92
PFT
318
Chemical industry.
Production Formulisation Tool.
The Production Formulisation Tool is a decision support
system used in the chemical industry to provide scenarios for the
production of chemical products taking into account formulation, raw
material volumes and costs, and production constraints.
CPL Software and Services.
CHIP
C X11
7000
SUN/HP/IBM/DIGITAL workstations
PC 386/486 UNIX DOS
In-house
Prototype
02/92
1.
03/92
M. Dincbas, P. Van Hentenryck, H. Simonis, A.
Aggoun, T. Graf, F. Berthier, The Constraint Logic Programming
Language CHIP.
In Proc. of The Conf. on Fifth Generation Computer Systems, p693-702.
Tokyo, Japan, November 1988.
PHARGEST.
75
inventory management (drugs), decision support
Management of the central medical store of the Tchadian
Public
Health services (inventories, orders, deliveries, follow-up of
consumption).
PHARGEST offers all the usual facilities of a
classical inventory management system (commodities database,
inventory control, orders, deliveries, clients and suppliers follow-
up, and so on)maybe with some special features.
1. It is centered around the "batch" defined as "drug+expiry date".
Prevention of wastage by exceedind expiry dates is one of the
objective of the system.
2. It is multi-stock: because different development agencies
contributes to the funding of the Central Medical Store, it was
necessary to adopt a "multi-stock" management system without
networking facilities (the Tchad is one of the less-developped
country in the world).
3. Due to the fact that each funding agency has its own management
rules, PHARGEST has to provide for very different management systems,
specially with regard to deliveries.
4. Because some managers are in charge of the distribution of drugs
to all the public health services of a large area, the follow-up of
comsumption of these services and the evaluation of their needs is
one of the main function of the program.
5. It provides unusual facilities for helping the manager to estimate his
future needs (inventory extrapolation) and take account of his financial
constraints.
Programming: Paul-Marie BOULANGER from ADRASS and
Alain
WODON from AEDES.
Analysis:Paul-Marie BOULANGER et Daniel VANDENBERG (AEDES)
A.D.R.A.S.S. (Association Pour le Developpement de
la Recherche
Appliquee en Sciences Sociales) and A.E.D.E.S. (Association
Europeenne pour le Developpement et la Sante) or (European
Association for Health and Development).
Belgium and Tchad (Africa).
10500
480
80386 25MHz with 4MB of RAM and 120MB HD.
MS-DOS 3.3
In-house
Prototype
1 (Tchadian Central Medical Store)
02/18/1992
PHILO THE LOGICIAN.
463
Introductory logic classes in which students are required to
translate English sentences into truth-functional formulas.
Exercises for translating English sentences into truth-
functional logic.
PHILO is a standalone program which interacts with
students as they try to give the logical analysis of English examples
of truth-functional sentences. The program reads back an English
rendition of the student's attempt and checks whether it is logically
equivalent to the instructor's answer; it does this
even if the student's answer is wildly different syntactically. If the
student's answer is not logically equivalent, a case is given in English
where the student's answer differs from that of the instructor. A record
of errors is kept for the instructor to examine; a separate program, DUMP,
prints these out in an informative way. Exercise examples reside in a
separate ASCII file which the instructor can alter using an editor or
wordprocessor.
R. G. Wengert.
University of Illinois and IBM.
U.S.A.
Arity Prolog compiler and interpreter.
None.
779 lines.
126 predicates.
PCs and clones, from 8088s on up.
Sold Product
Released
January, 1986.
Over 500 students on this campus alone.
November 6, 1992.
PHOEBUS
144
Automation and Electronics : verification of conceiving
hardware control systems.
A Tool for Analysis of Hierarchial Finite State machines
F. Martinolle, C. Rominger, C. Guibout
INSAT/DGE/GERII
France
MacProlog"Prolog_by_BIM, Release 4.0
None.
1200
160
Sun4 Sparcstation SLC / Unix_Berkeley
In-house
Prototype
2
09/89
* F. Martinolle, "Analyse de la commandabilite et
de l'obs
ervabilite de systemes modelises hierarchiquement. Etude et
realisation de l'ou til informatique PHOEBUS", Ph. D. of the INSAT,
Toulouse, France, Nov. 1990 (in french)
* F. Martinolle, J.C. Geffroy, B. Soulas, "Functional Extraction of
Hierarchical Sequential Systems", IFIP, Int. Workshop on Applied
Formal Methods for Correct VLSI Design, Leuven, Belgium, pp. 216-225,
Nov. 1989
* F. Martinolle, G. Motet, J.C. Geffroy, "Multi-level simulation and
analysis of hierarchical models", SCS European Simulation
Multiconference, Erlangen, Germ
any, June 1990
* F. Martinolle, J.C. Geffroy, B. Soulas, "Testability Analysis of
Hierarchical Finite State Machines", IEEE European Design Automation
Conference, Amsterdam,
Feb. 1991
* F. Martinolle, J.C. Geffroy, K. El Maadani, "Test-Aided Design
Evaluation Tools for Complex Systems", International Conference on
Concurrent Engineering & E
lectronic Design Automation, Bournemouth, UK, March 1991
* F. Martinolle, J.C. Geffroy, B. Soulas, "PHOEBUS: A Tool for
Hierachical Testability and Redundancy Analysis", poster session,
Proc. of IEEE European Test Conference, Munich, Germany, Apr. 1991
* C. Rominger, J.C. Geffroy, B. Soulas, C. Guibout, "PHOEBUS: A Tool for
Analysis of Hierarchical Finite State Machines", poster session, 1st
Conference on the Practical Application of Prolog, London, UK, Apr. 1992
Phoebus
258
Systems testing
analysis of hierarchical finite state machines
This can be applied to complex sequential systems such as
control parts for functional extraction and formal verification of a
realization with the specifications and testability evaluation.
C. Rominger, J.C.Geffroy, B. Soulas, C. Guibout
INSAT-GERII, EDF-DER
France
Prolog by BIM
SUN1+Sparcstation with 20MB
Pheobus: A tool for analysis of hierarchical finite state
machines. Abstracts of poster sessions, Int. Conference on Practical
Application of Prolog, London 1992.
Phosulk
99
Conservation Agriculture
Land Conservation Advisor
To facilitate farmers in high rainfall areas to make the
correct fertliser deciion - avoid water catchment pollution and the devise
most economical fertiliser strategy
Michael Brown
Entretec Pty & Dept Agric, West Australia
Australia
PDC Prolog v 3.21
C about 10%
4000
450
DOS
Sold Product
Released
June 1991
6
March 1992
PHRASE
497
Projects involving safety, where human factor contribute to
safe system operation.
Human reliability Analysis.
Currently, the only way to perform a human
reliability analysis is to use standard paper-based procedures which
lead the analyst through his calculations. PHRASE encapsulates
several human reliability methods and data, and leads the analyst
through the calculations using a hypertext interface
(based on the Hypertext Toolbox provided by PDC). Each time the user makes
a choice by selecting a word on the screen, PHRASE performs calculations
before the hypertext jump is made. The user is presented with "the answer"
when he reaches the end of the hypertext "cook-book".
Steve Lympany, Barry Whittingam.
Electrowatt Engineering.
England.
PDC Prolog.
None.
800
200
MS-DOS on IBM PC.
Sold Product
Prototype
Not yet released.
PI
1
Theorem proving
Interactive development and editing of formal proofs.
PI is a system for the interactive development of proofs
in the theory of partial inductive definitions. This mathematical theory
can, in this context, be regarded as a general logic. Proofs are displayed
graphically in a window. The user gives commands to the system using a
mouse.
Lars-Henrik Eriksson
Swedish Institute of Computer Science (SICS)
Sweden
SICSTUS
None
3500, excl comment lines
290
Sun-3/4, UNIX w/ Xwindows
In-house
Released
August, 1990
2
October 18, 1991
PIAF
445
Electronic Design.
Full custom integrated circuit floorplanning.
PIAF is a combined knowledge-based/algorithmic
full-custom integrated circuit floorplanning system. Knowledge is
represented using transformation rules and guides the invocation of
sophisticated graph processing algorithms and interprest their
results.
Knowledge representations used in PIAF include: static and dynamic
frames, predicate logic, transformation rules and procedural
attachements. PIAF features a "context" representation that is
backtrackable in a controlled fashion enabling controlled
"forgetting" and permitting the avoidance of expensive re-
computations. The underlying structure of PIAF was actually separated
at a later stage to produce a stand alone Knwoledge Based system
shell called BREL. BREL was used for the rapid prototyping of
Electronic
CAD tools.
Marwan Anwar Jabri.
Systems Engineering and Design Automation
Laboratory
Sydney University Electrical Engineering.
Australia.
Quintus Prolog (first version) later on Sicstus Prolog.
Pascal and C to implement the algorithmic library
of
graph processing algorithms.
16,000
5,000
Sparc station (Unix).
In-house
Prototype
1989
3
1992
M. Jabri, ``An Artificial Intelligence Approach to
Integrated
Circuit Floorplanning'', Springer-Verlag, Lecture Notes in Engineering,
Vol 1.66, 1991.
Pictorial Janus
16
Program Visualization
Provide a visual programming environment for
concurrent logic (and more generally constraint) programming
Pictorial Janus is a visual programming environment being
built to support concurrent constraint (or logic) programming. A visual
syntax for Janus; a concurrent constraint programming language; has been
designed. Currently; two modules of Pictorial Janus are operational: a
parser and an animator. Visual programs can be created using nearly any
illustration or CAD tool capable of producing a Postscript description of
the drawing. That description is executed by a Postscript interpreter; and
a trace of the strokes and text drawn is saved to a file. The Pictorial
Janus parser then interprets the trace and produces input to the Pictorial
Janus Animator. The animator generates a stream of animation frames and
associated sounds. The colors; shape; fonts; line weights; used in the
original drawing are preserved so that the animation displays these
elements in the same graphical terms as they were conceived and created.
Ken Kahn with help from Vijay Saraswat; Volker
Haarslev; and Susan Kropf
Xerox PARC
USA
Strand88
C (5%); Postscript (10%); cshell (5%)
11000
500
SparcStations (stand-alone and networks of them)
In-house
Prototype
3/91
3
12/91
Kenneth M. Kahn and Vijay A. Saraswat
"Complete Visualizations of Concurrent Programs and their Executions"
October1990
Proceedings of the IEEE Visual Language Workshop
Kenneth M. Kahn
Concurrent Constraint Programs to Parse and Animate Pictures of
Concurrent Constraint Programs
1991
(submitted for publication)
Kenneth M. Kahn
Towards Visual Concurrent Constraint Programming)
1991
(submitted for publication)
Kenneth M. Kahn
Animation of Horn Clause Proofs
1991
(submitted for publication)
PigE
43
farm management.
An expert system for optimising the growth of pigs raised
in
pig pens.
PigE is an intelligent back-end to a
mathematicalmodelling package called AUSPIG. The model:
** simulates the growth and reproduction of pigs;
** identifies factors that limit optimal performance of the pig;
** identifies management strategies that maximise enterprise profit.
The expert system:
** presents an abstracted description of the output of the model in a
form that a non-mathematician can understand;
** suggests dietary; housing; genotype; or resource input changes
that can improve the profitability of the herd.
Verification studies have demonstrated that the expert system can
significantly out-perform human experts interpreting the output of the
model (performance measured in dollars per square metre per day). In a
usual case; the improvement is of the order of 10%. If spread over the 300
kilotonne $500 million dollar (per annum) Australian pig herds;this
improvement would be in the order of $50 million.
Dr. John Black Joel Fleming Tim Menzies Murray Dean
Black & Fleming: Commonwealth Scientific
Industrial
Research Organisation (CSIRO); Division of Animal Production;
Prospect;
Sydney. Menzies & Dean: Stowe Computing Australia
Australia
Arity Prolog
Pascal; MKS Toolkit; some shell script.
Is this a serious measure of a program? The code listing is an
inch thick. Many comments. Lots of files.
211
DOS
Sold Product
Released
Mid-1988 onwards
Farm managers in America; Holland; Belgium; France;
Spain and
Australia. Pig diet manufacturers in Europe and USA
23-2-92
"An Expert System for Raising Pigs"; in Proceedings of
the First International Conference on the Practical Application of Prolog;
April 2-3; 1992.
PISSARRA
384
Maintenance and repair centres train tracks.
Improve the management of trains maintenance and repair centre.
Expert system for assisting the management of the
maintenance and repair centre's train tracks for Ferrocarrils de la
Generalitat de Catalunya. System at final installation phase.
Jose A. Marques and programmers team.
AIA
Spain
PDC Prolog 3.31
20000
625
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS
Delivery PC 386 / MS DOS Novell Netware DOS
Sold Product
Evaluation
07/1992
07/1992
PLANE
145
Production planning.
An evolutive planning system for scheduling Aircraft
Production.
PLANE is an evolutive planning system written using CHIP
for the scheduling of aircraft production over a long term horizon. The
system has been developed as a production control system and as a
management planning tool. The user can test scenarios such as adding an
order, change due dates for production and immediately realise the
production considerations.
DASSAULT/COSYTEC
CLP Software and Services.
France
CHIP
C X11
1000
SUN/HP/ IBM/DIGITAL workstations
PC 386/486 UNIX DOS
12/91
03/92
M. Dincbas, P. Van Hentenryck, H. Simonis, A.
Aggoun, T. Graf, F. Berthier, The Constraint Logic Programming
Language CHIP.
In Proc. of The Int. Conf. on Fifth Generation Computer Systems, p693-702.
Tokyo, Japan, November 1988.
PLANE: PLANIFICATION EVOLUTION
322
Scheduling.
Gives Schedule and load of the long term production of
aircraft.
The aim of the PLANE system is to pace the assembly
lines, under a given set of constraints, so as to minimize combination of
the stock costs and of the production rate changes. The system takes into
account most of the planning expert's usual work (his choice of heuristics,
his planning and factory parameters, his planning method). The average
scale of the problem is to plan 250 planes over five years, in a factory
using 8 assembly lines. These numbers are taken from the data of the
Mirage 2000 being used to test the system. The PLANE system uses the
constraints in the finite domains (integer numbers), one of the three
constraints domains handled by the CHIP language.
Jacques Bellone.
DASSAULT AVIATION
France.
CHIP of COSYTEC
Kennel: 2,500, You Interface: 4,500
Kennel: 100 - N:of constraints: 47
SUN 4 UNIX
X11
In-house
Prototype
03/89
2 for the evaluation
09/03/92
Constraint Bazed Tools for Planning and Scheduling,
C. PRADELLES and A. CHAMARD, Proc. on A.I. and K.B.S for space
(Workohop) ESTEC (91).
PLANE: an Evolutive Planning System for aircraft production. The
practical application of prolog..1st International Conference (92).
Planning (more than) one-level buildings
274
Architecture, Planning
Supports the planning process of a building with more than one
level.
The system provides support in the stages of planning
with more than one level. First it generates the variants of ground-plans
of all flats according to the special requirements of customers. The
customer is given the possibility to classify the variants, to choose the
most advantageous ones, and to exclude the less favourable ones. The
program assembles from chosen variants the plan of the whole building
satisfying requirements for the horizontal and vertical arrangements, the
given measurements, and the conditions depending on the building site.
Z. Markusz
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
Z. Markusz (1980)
The application of PROLOG for many storied panel house design.
Informatcio-Elektronika XV. No 5., 1980, pp.256-263.
Z. Markusz (1980)
An application of PROLOG in designing many storied dwelling houses.
Reprints of Logic Programming Workshop, Debrecen, 1980. pp.249-260.
Planning of panel buildings
286
Computer aided design
Plans the architectural planning of panel buildings
The system generates the floor plan variants of flats
with given size, number of rooms or half rooms, using the panel elements
stored in its database. The system designs all the possible variants of the
floor plans of a flat, given an initial set of data.
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
Z. Markusz (1977)
How to design variants of flats using PROLOG.
proc. of IFIP'77, Toronto, pp.885-890.
PLASMA
312
Re-Engineering.
PLASMA is a reverse CASE tool to maintain large COBOL programs.
PLASMA Targets the market of existing large scale
COBOL programs which have been in productive use for years but have
to be maintained anyway, for example to accomodate legal changes or
new services.
Maintenance cost eats up more than 60% of the software cost over the
lifecycle of large scale commercial software.
PLASMA reduces this maintenance cost by
1. Analysing one or more COBOL programs and their interrelation.
2. Visualizing the analysis result.
3. Supporting software maintenance activities.
Application Areas:
1. Software maintenance support.
2. Job operation optimization support.
3. Condition analysis during construction of data dictionaries.
Computer Applications Corporation Tokyo, Japan.
Computer Applications Corporation Tokyo, Japan.
Japan.
IF/PROLOG.
IF/PROLOG, OSF/MOTIF.
all UNIX platforms.
Sold Product
Released
12/91.
03/ 92.
PLASTIC
377
Train control centre.
Intelligent operator control in a train dispatching.
Expert system train coordination control (logical,
physical
trains, shifts, scheduling etc.). Project developed for Terrocarrils de la
Generalitat de Catalunya and installed at its Dispatching Centre.
Antoni Trias.
AIA
Spain.
PDC Prolog 3.31
void
14000
1200
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS
Delivered PC 386 386 / MS DOS
Sold Product
Released
1991
07/1992
PLASYNT
64
Combinational logic synthesis
Multiple-level combinational logic synthesis
PLASYNT starts from a description of a
combinational circuit, specified in Berkeley PLA format. Internally,
the descriptions are stored and manipulated in a directed acyclic
graphs representation known as BDD.
The program includes algorithms for finding optimal variable orderings in
the BDDs, for assigning don't care values, for factoring Boolean functions
to decrease the area of the circuits, and for mapping descriptions to
specific technologies. PLASYNT currently maps descriptions to two
different technologies: (i) networks of NAND-gates and inverters, and (ii)
gates from Plessey's gate library.
Mats Carlsson
Swedish Institute of Computer Science
Sweden
SICStus Prolog 2.1
1045
120
UNIX
In-house
Prototype
11/91
3
24/3/92
Proc. The Practical Application of Prolog Conf., London
1992.
PLEX
455
Software Development.
LEX for Prolog: A lexical analyzer generator for Prolog.
PLEX creates a tokenizer from a lexical
specification very
much like that for the UNIX(TM) LEX program. The major differences are that
the right-hand (action) parts of the lexical rules are Prolog goals, the
source-code output by PLEX is Prolog, and because of the dynamic nature of
the Prolog environment, lexical analyzers can be built ``on-the-fly'' and
used immediately. That is, there is no need for intermediate compilation
steps as when using LEX. Together with MULTI, this program provides a
complete environment for building parsers and generators from a single
very-high-level specification.
Suresh Rajgopal and Peter Reintjes.
DAZIX/Intergraph Corporation.
USA
Quintus Prolog
none.
646
131
Quintus Platforms.
In-house
Released
6/92
3
11/92
PPLC 2.0 - flexible process control by Prolog
represented
higher order Petri-nets .
485
Process Control.
Process control of single units or small chemical
and
biotechnological plants by a structure-based model, integrating the
batch, sequential, feedforward and feedback control actions.
PPLC integrates the pseudo-parallel executing
abilities of the
Petri-like nets with the possibilities provided by the
prototyping and unification characteristics of the PROLOG. The
continuous and/or batch control algorithms are described by a
structural model consisting of active and passive elements. The
passive elements are reserved places for the various kinds of
control information, while the active elements are the
transitions determining the essential skeleton of the information
processing. The architecture of the structural models is similar to
the higher order Petri-nets, however, instead of tokens or
tuples, optional PROLOG terms can be associated with the passive
elements and these terms are manipulated as information. The main executing
rule of the kernel algorithm describes that if all input signs and
auxiliary conditions for a given transition are fulfilled, then the
active element after an optional time delay fires, i.e. the prescribed
output signs are rewritten in the respective places. The structural
model of the control is defined by a dynamic database or by dynamic
partitions of the PROLOG. The software is built up from four
shells of the user-friendly interface, the directly editable
database, the actual includes and the kernel definitions, respectively.
Bela Csukas, Laszlo Jambor, Rozalia Lakner .
University of Veszprem, Supported by the Hungarian
Basic Research Grant N OTKA-2550
Hungary.
TURBOPROLOG 2.0, PDC PROLOG 3.31, CSPROLOG 3.25;
(ALL-
MULTILOGIC Ltd., Budapest).
Can also be implemented in object oriented languages.
1000
150
PC/AT 386; transputer and work station versions in preparation
.
Sold Product
Evaluation
6/1990
10
12/1993
In preparation.
Practitioner Awards KBS
191
Pensions administration
The system calculates retirement benefits for
medical and dental practitioners employed by National Health Service.
Conventionally this is a long and tedious task because the procedures
used for assessment are defined by a large volume of ever changing
legislation.
Sets of practitioners records can be selected and downloaded from a
mainframe to a 'master PC', and then distributed to other PCs over a LAN. A
Prolog program converts incoming records to a frame-based representation
prior to distribution. Each of the slave PCs contains a local copy of the
Knowledge-based system which is used to maintain the content and accuracy
of the mainframe data, generate graphical displays of the member's service
history, calculate benefits and print out the results and appropriate
documentation.
Gerry Piper
Telecomputing PLC, IBiS Ltd.
UK
LPA Prolog, flex
PC
In-house
Released
June 1990
11
KBS system calculates pension awards to GPs. Expert
Systems Applications, Jan 1991. p21-22/
Pre-Printed Blankrupter
395
Legal forms processing and decision making.
Completely processes all the Federal Bankruptcy Forms for
chapter 7, 11, 12 & 13 bankruptcy filings.
Blankrupter processes and fills in Julius
Blumberg's Pre-Printed Bankruptcy sets on dot matrix, daisy-wheel and
laser printers complete documents for chapter 7, 11, 12 & 13 for the
U.S. Bankruptcy Court. Sold nationwide through Julius Blumbergs Inc.
distribution channel, this program is the newest upgrade to the
Blankrupter program introduced in 1988. This latest update includes
the ability to process Chapters' 11, 12 and 13 the creation of
dynamic forms (ie. the amount of entry determines the number of
forms produced) and a new file achieving system designed for law firms.
Price: $ 200.00.
Norths Winds and Julius Blumberg Inc.
Norths Winds and Julius Blumberg Inc.
USA.
PDC Prolog (100%)
none.
15.000
500
MSDOS 2.0, 512K memory, most dot matrix, daisywheel & laser
printers, hard or floppy drive systems.
Sold Product
Released
10/1/88
9/1/92
Catalog.
PRECIS
190
Systems analysis and design
Analysis and CASE tool
Precis offers the ability to record a business
structure using three basic concepts: the business decision, the
consequence and the business rule rlating a decision to its
consequences. This is done using chart and flow diagrams and
incorporates a code generator facility to automatically generate
application code. Precis also provides facilities for documenting the
system.
Under development is a system of formalised English for specifying
computer systems.
John Warren, Basil Barnett
Precision Design
UK
LPA Prolog Professional
IBM PS/2
Sold Product
Released
Preditor
197
Electronics Design
A VLSI design editor
A design editor for VHDL design which works in
association with the AUNT translator.
This replaced a similar editor written in 50,000 lines of C which was very
difficult to maintain.
Peter Reintjes
Microelectronics Center of North Carolina
USA
Quintus
5,000
Unix, VAX workstation
P.B. Reintjes: A VLSI Design Environment in Prolog.
ICLP5, 1988, pp70-81
PRESS
77
Programming Language Interpreters
(PRolog Execution of Standard Semantics)
(1) To check and validate the informal semantics of draft standard
Prolog, and
(2) To investigate techniques of writing high quality maintainable
Prolog programs.
The informal semantics of Prolog in the draft
standard defines the control constructs (i.e. conjunction/2,
disjunction/2, true/0, fail/0, call/1, cut/0, if-then/2, if-then-
else/3, catch/2, throw/1) using a stack model. The details are
complex, and this interpreter has been written in order to check the
description is correct.
The subsidiary aims of the interpreter have been met by providing
(1) checks that internal predicates are called with valid arguments,
and
(2) a set of test cases whose results can be easily compared
with model results. This checks that changes to one part of the interpreter
have not broken other parts.
Roger Scowen
National Physical Laboratory
UK
SICStus 2.1 #3
None
1000 lines, approximately
100 -- history of PRESS,
250 -- internal checks,
200 -- subsidiary predicates,
100 -- test cases,
350 -- interpreter.
38
Sun 3/50, Sun OS Release 4.1
Free/Public Domain
Evaluation
September 1991
1
March 1992
ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG17 N92: Draft for Standard
Prolog, March 1992.
National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex.
Print-A-Form
397
From Processing.
Automates the processing of a unique Deluxe Check Printer's
Inc. Form. For example an invoice or check.
The Print-A-Form product line consists of 55 individual
programs that process Deluxe Check Printer, Inc. standard business forms.
The features include, database system, complete math, ASCII output, Journal
report, macros, and much more. Individual form programs include invoices,
purchase orders, checks, packing slips, statements, etc. Combined programs
include Tax forms, constructions forms and medical forms.
Norths Winds & Deluxe Check Printer Inc.
North Winds.
USA.
PDC Prolog (100%)
none.
9.000
400
MSDOS 2.0 512K memory, most dot matrix, daisywheel & laser
printers, hard or floppy drive systems.
Sold Product
Released
10/1987
9/15/92
Deluxe Catalogues 1988-92.
Pro*CONSUL
242
Communications design
to help the designer and implementer of communications
protocols
A central repository stores all the information necessary
for the design, testing and simulation of the protocols. This is surrounded
by a number of components such as that finding test sequences for a given
protocol.
Peter Ecsedi-Toth
Hungary
MProlog and FAIR
K. Tarnay, S Dibuz-W‡gner, Peter Ecsedi-T—th, P. A.
W‡gner: A Knowledge-based approach to communication protocol endingeering.
Proc Seminar on Future Trends in Information Engineering, Univ. Salzburg,
Sep 1990, pp115-127
Pro-Sylvia
146
Agriculture
Optimization of cutting wood panels with minimum wastage
The aim is to define a cutting diagram for a set of
rectangular panels, each in considerable quantities, in a particular
type of panel (e.g. white fibreboard, 267 by 207cm). The program
makes it possible to calculate a cutting diagram for lists of
approximately 30 different parts in 4 minutes and produces results
for a dozen different types of panels with an average wastage rate of
3-5%
Michel Rueher, Bruno Legeard
France
Prolog III
6/11/91
PROCAPS
227
Electronic scheduling
support and control the planning and scheduling of production
lines of electronic components
The Process Oriented Capacity Production Scheduler
focuses on the optimisation of the use of available resources and on
the reduction of the throughput time of the produced items. The
system incorporates an explicit model of teh factory organization and
includes a planning and scheduling functionality as they were
previously performed manually.
It is intended to integrate the system in the production line, which will
require additional interfaces to corporate databases and control functions
already available.
BIM, Philips of Eindhoven
Belgium, Netherlands
Prolog by BIM
PROCUT
481
Building and woodworking industry.
Optimize layout plan for cutting of rectangular panels.
Menu driven, single user program intended for use
by the
building and woodworking industry as part of quantitative analysis
and works planning. The program provides a graphics display and
printout of the final cutting schedule and materials list.
The database includes facility to store and retrieve all previous
jobs and standard materials lists.
Program has three levels of optimization and allows for grain and no
grain materials.
All layouts can be cut on a standard table or circular saw.
Performance benchmark:
Platform: AT/286 16 Meg CPU no EMS
Number of items: 1000
Best case: 20 seconds
Worst case: 17 minutes.
Tinus Wille.
Tinus Wille and Compuchem cc (sponsor).
South-Africa.
PDC Prolog.
Assembler routines for graphics hard copy
RTLink Plus for the overlay version.
1670 Prolog source.
106 defined predicates.
(ISA) IBM PC/AT and compatible
640 K base RAM minimum
2 Meg EMS optional but recommended
Graphics support: Hercules (Mono) EGA and VGA
Printing Epson 9 pin
DOS 3.2 or later
Licensed
Evaluation
Beta release 2/12/1991.
8/92
ProdAction
345
Finite Capacity Scheduling in Discrete Manufacturing
Industries.
Finite Capacity Scheduling in Discrete Manufacturing
Industries.
The prodAction system allows the user to: a) Define his
factory or discrete manufactoring environment (resources: machines, labour,
tooling). b) Define the Work Order process flows. c) Define the
Prioritizing Policies.
Ignacio, Adrian Kromer, Alejandro Scheuer.
Invap S.E.
Argentina.
PDC Prolog 3.20 for DOS, now upgrading to PDC Prolog 3.30
for Windows.
C (15%), Fox (20%), Quattro(5%).
1.5 MB of Source code.
approx. 800
80386/486 IBM compatible, DOS 5.0 for development and delivery.
Licensed
06/91
07/92
Sociedad Argentina de Investigacion Operativa -
Sept. 1990 ADR: Asignacion Dinamica de Recursos
Ignacio Grossi, Alejandro Scheuer, Marcelo Silvera.
PRODATA
306
RDBMS
Interface to commercial RDBMS
PRODATA is a tightly coupled transparent interface
between PROLOG SYSTEMS and RDBMS, which include ORACLE, INFORMIX
and
SYBASE.
Rob Lucus
Keylink Computers Ltd
England
LPA/QUINTUS/POPLOG
C
20%
1500 per I/F
90 per I/F
Mac/Sun/PC/HP/Sequent/Vax (Unix/vms)
Sold Product
Released
Jan. 1988
60
24/07/92
PROLOG-relational database INTERFACES. R.J. Lucus.
Information and Software Technology. Dec. 1991 Vol. 33 No. 10.
Prof'Expert
373
Computer based training.
The purpose of the system is to provide computer training in
basic skills.
The system is a hypertext which permits the learners to
inform themselves about basic topics like French grammar, mathematics, etc.
It is planned that the links between the information units adapt themselves
auto-matically to the learner level. For some topics exercises of drill and
practice are available. For these the teacher or the learner can select
options like the presentation or the error admittance. They dispose of
several help systems: How to obtain a solution or part of the answer etc.
The learner and the teacher can examine and analyse the way that the
problems were faced and solved. From a psychological point of view, the
purpose of the system is to develop basic skills (automatisms) but with the
possibility for the learner to examine his procedure and to develop
metacognitiv capability. From an informatic point of view, the system is
constitued of three generic expert systems. The first is the domain expert
system (to perform calculus ....) the second is the didactical one. Its
task is to establish the level of difficulty, classify the errors, etc. The
third is the psychologist who should establish the learners profile.
Jean-Pierre Baer, Marie-Louise Carrera, Anne
Marechal,
Luc-Olivier Pochon, Christophe von Siebenthal.
Centre de Formation Professionelle du Littoral
Neuchatelois
(CPLN),
Switzerland.
PDC Prolog.
IBM compatible, DOS, Windows planned.
15000
300 relevants
IBM compatible, DOS, Windows planned.
Licensed
Prototype
Oct. 1990
August 1, 1992.
Pochon, L-O (1991) Le projet Prof'Expert.
Neuchatel, CPLN, feb. 1 1991.
Vallet F. (1992) G_n_rateur de messages pour un syst_me d'EAO. Travail de
diplome. Neuchatel, CPLN July 1, 1992.
PROGART
280
Software applications
To analyse programming style and effectiveness of syntactically
correct PL/I and COBOL programs
The system evaluates the programming style and
effectiveness of syntactically correct PL/I and COBOL programs. Evaluation
is done across the following dimensions: structure, style, effectiveness
and complexity. In case where quality errors are discovered in a program
the system suggests correct alternatives. During the structural analysis
the system reveals and prints (in the form of a hierarchy diagrams) the
logical structure of the program being analysed, and records the structural
corrections that are to be performed.
E. Halmay, P. Gero
SZAMOK
Hungary
MPROLOG
PL/I
1984
E. Halmay, P. Gero (1981)
The PROGART system
SZAMOK report, 1981.
E. Halmay, P. Gero (1981)
PROGART: a computerised assistant for the programming instructor.
proc. of the 3rd Conference on Computer Education, 1981, Lausane.
PROLAB
147
Medical
PROLOG-based assistant for biochemical data interpretation
Submitted to PAC. Paper 33
Peter Hammond et al
UK
MacProlog
Mac
31/10/91
PROLEX
148
Expert system
A Prolog Based Flexible Expert Sytem
Submitted to PAC. Paper 221
Julius Csonto
Czechoslovakia
Arity Prolog
PC
18/10/91
PROLOG VERIFIER
288
Program verification
A system to verify Prolog programs
The system aims at proving partial correctness of PROLOG
programs. A subsystem, consisting of a program for formula transformation
and a program for general theorem proving can be used in itself, for
interactive theorem proving. The interactive formula transformation system
performs natural deduction on the basis of either built-in or interactively
generated transformational (inference) schemes. The general theorem prover
is based on the resolution principle.
K.Balogh
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
K. Balogh (1978)
An interactive verifier for PROLOG programs.
Mathematical logic in Computer Science.
B. Domolki, T. Gergely (Eds)
Coll. Math. Soc. J.Bolyai, Vol. 26. Budapest, 1981, pp.111-142.
K.Balogh (1979)
On a logical method serving the proof of the semantic features of
programs.
PhD thesis, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, 1979.
Prolog-D-Linda
462
Parallel Prolog Programming.
To provide a Parallel Prolog Programming environment.
Prolog-D-Linda (Prolog-Distributed-Linda) is an
embedding of the Linda paradigm into SICStus Prolog. (Linda is a
coordination language that is injected into existing programming
languages to produce new parallel programming languages. Linda
permits cooperation between
parallel processes by controlling access to a shared tuple space.)
Prolog-D-Linda supports a distributed tuple space, unification and
Prolog style deduction in the tuple space, and a control hierarchy
that provides remote I/O facilities for client processes.
The Prolog-D-Linda embedding of Linda in Prolog is very natural : the
pattern matching and database features of Prolog have been used
directly in the embedding; garbage collection and hashing in the
tuple space are provided free by the Prolog implementation; the
implementation of formals in tuples is direct; the way the tuple
space is partitioned is specified by a
Prolog program. The user controlled partitioning of the tuple space
makes it possible to tune the use of the tuple space so that
bottlenecks are avoided. The capability of deduction in the tuple
space provides direct solutions to problems that were previously
difficult or impossible. The remote I/O facility
allows all client processes to be interactive.
Geoff Sutcliffe, James Pinakis.
The University of Western Australia.
Australia.
SICStus Prolog.
C - 40%.
642
60
SUN Sparc/SUN OS / Any/UNIX.
Free/Public Domain
Released
11/91
C - 40%
2/11/92
Sutcliffe G., and Pinakis J. (To appear), Prolog-D-
Linda: An
Embedding of Linda in SICStus Prolog, In Kacsuk P., Wise M. (Ed.),
Proceedings of the Joint Workshop on Distributed and Parallel
Implementation of Logic Programs (Washington, DC, 1992).
PROM
29
Institute of Theoretical Computer Science
flexible "make" tool
PROM is a flexible "make" tool designed for the special
purposes of large; portable software systems. It allows the combination of
powerful default-rulesets with individual treatment of files requiring
this. Rulesets may be developed for any language or tool operating on
files.
T. Kielmann
Technical University Darmstadt
Germany
C-Prolog; V1.5
500
80
HP 9000; S400(and other 32-bit UNIX machines with running C-
Prolog)
In-house
Prototype
5
1991
PROM
277
Systems Programming/ Computer architecture
Mapping of INTEL 3000 Microprograms
PROM performs the task for address assignment for
the INTEL 3000 microprocessor.
The PROM database can be thought of as a matrix of INTEL instructions with
each instruction in the matrix indicating its successor(s). There is only a
limited set of matrix positions for placing a successor (e.g. in the same
column as the predecessor) that depends on the type of instruction. PROM's
input consists of a set of partially loaded store and a microprogram to be
allocated in the given store. The system gives either a possible mapping
plan as output or indicates the impossibility of mapping the given
microprogram.
K. Balogh, Z. Farks, I. Futo, P. Garami, I. Herenyi, E,
Santane-Toth, J. Szeredi, P. Szeredi, J.Visnyovszky
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
K. Balogh, Z. Farks, I. Futo, P. Garami, I.
Herenyi, E, Santane-Toth, J. Szeredi, P. Szeredi, J.Visnyovszky
(1978)
The application of Prolog to the design of software and hardware
objects.
vol. I -IV
NIM IGUSZI and SzKI reports. SOFTTECH D21-D25, D27,SZAMKI, 1978.
Prometheus
409
Expert Systems Toolkit.
To provide a flexible tool for developing KBS.
Prometheus is a general purpose expert system
toolkit.
It provides a rich set of facilities for representing
knowledge, including backward and forward chaining rules,
frames and a procedural control language. It supports
automatic truth maintenance and also provides object
oriented style message passing. These underlying facilities are used to
support the tools that make up the development environment, but its open
architecture allows for the user to call out of or into the toolkit from
Prolog. This means the system can be easily extended or tuned by the user,
or embedded in other Prolog applications.
Steven Hedges, Mick Buckley, Paul Taylor, Tony Dodd.
Expert Systems Ltd.
UK.
Prolog-2 from ESL.
none.
12889
955
PC/DOS and SUN/SunView.
Sold Product
Released
Dec 1988
100 approx
25 March 1992
"Prometheus - an advanced logic based toolkit."
R. Broughton, J. Paine and M. Yazdani.
Intellect 1991. ISBN 1-871516-13-7
PROMOTEX
173
Automobile diagnosis
Breakdown diagnosis for siz-cylinder Mercedes engines equipped
with Bosch ignition
Reinhardt Skuppin
Germany
Prolog III
Propagator
149
TOOL
A Prolog-Based Causal Reasoning System
Submitted to PAC. Paper 211
Ming Xi Tang
UK
Poplog
1/10/91
PROS 800 / PROVISA
469
Industrial uses, mainly in areas of thermo procedure
techniques.
Process visualisation and registration, analysis of process
data.
Peter Mueller Mannhardt.
Hennig Software Engineering GmbH.
Germany.
PDC Prolog.
Stony Book Pascal, Turbo Assembler.
20.000 LOC
500
DOS , IBM compatible.
Released
1989
07/92
PROSPEX
179
process scheduling and planning system for the food, chemcial
and petrochemical industries.
Configuration is a three stage process.
A model of the production is built using the supplied library of
resources including capability, connectivity, routing, manning
requirements and shift patterns; the processes and operations
performed such as distillation, filtration and blending; and the
materials - raw, products, recipes.
Orders are specified by their attributes such as quantity, earliest
start time, due-by date and priority
Scheduling rules and preferences are developed and entered.
Once configured, PROSPEX can generate schedules either manually or
by taking one order at a time, allowing the user to optimise the
system interactively or automatically using the prioritised list ot
orders together with the scheduling rules.
Additionally PROSPEX can simulate and display the execution of
alternative plans and schedules thus providing a powerful "What if?"
facility.
May not be Prolog!
SIRA
UK
Protee
150
Biology research
Protee : A Knowledge based system to assist biology researchers
Submitted to PAC. Paper 382
Le Dizes
France
Prolog II + hyper card.
MacII FX
6/11/91
Protein Structure
245
Genetics research
represent and reason about protein structure topology
A description of the relative position of protein
structural deatures enables declarative representations of super-secondary
structures to be used to search for structural motifs.
Chris Rawlings, John Fox, W. Taylor, J. Nyakairuy, M.
Sternberg
Imperial Cancer Research Fund
UK
Decsystem-10 Prolog
DECsystem 2060
C.J. Rawlings, W.R. Taylor, J. Nyakairuy, J. Fox, M.J.E.
Sternberg: Using Prolog to Represent and Reason about Protein Structures.
ICLP3, 1986 pp536-543
Protein Structure Prediction
101
Molecular biology
Joe Bryngelson and John Hopfield, two CalTech chemist,
developed a 'C' program which analyses proteins and helps predict where the
protein twists into a particular shape called an alpha helix. Sam Southard
and Stephen Taylor, also of CaltTech, used Strand88 to implement a parallel
version of this algorithm. This new program shows linear speed-up with up
to 32 processor nodes.
Caltech
USA
Strand88
ProTest
151
TOOL
A Knowledge Analysis Tool for the Development of Expert Systems
Submitted to PAC. Paper 305
Dr I D Watson & Norman
UK
Asymetrix's Toolbox
PC + Windows
31/10/91
Prototyping in Prolog
434
Computer Aided Design of New Software Tools for Task
Support
Communication aid for the purpose of system design .
The system is used to describe simple tasks for
graphic presentation to end users in a development team. So
far the task set is very simple but we are working on
extending the types of tasks which can be described. The intention is to
investigate whether it is possible to use such systems as design aids in
the design process.
Lars Oestreicher.
Uppsala University, NUTEC
Sweden.
LPA Mac Prolog/Prolog++ 4.0 (Object-Oriented
version
of Prolog with graphics management)
Under development is a graphical front-end which is
supposed to replace graphics management under Prolog.
Currently, however, the system is completely contained
within Prolog.
Macintosh II fx (runs on any Macintosh II) 8 MB, RAM
Early summer 1992.
2-3
7 april 1992.
Oestreicher L. 1990, Logic Descriptions in Rapid
Prototyping of Applications, In: Diaper D., Gilmore D., Cockton G. &
Schackel B., 1990, Human-Computer Interaction, Proceedings of the
conference: INTERACT'90, pp. 1029 - 1030, North-Holland, Amsterdam
]
Oestreicher L., 1991, Executable Formal Descriptions
for Software design - Logic and Logic Programming as a
Design Tool, Ph.L. Thesis 11, Uppsala University, Uppsala.
Oestreicher L., 1992, Relating Task Analysis to System
Development, Paper presented at the 11th
Interdisciplinary Workshop on"Informatics and Psychology", June 1992.
PSI.
465
Information Management.
PSI is an application for data management and retrieval,
intended for the non-commercial user.
PSI is a handy system for the management and
retrieval of
your personal data, be it addresses, CD collections, or bibliog
raphic references. It is intended for the non-commercial user. It may not
be as full-fledged as some data-base systems, but has many features that
you won't find in most commercial systems. Also, you may find it easier to
set up and faster to use. PSI is useful for a broad range of data. Indexing
with descriptors makes searching for the data you need fast, and the
interface to other data-base formats (import and export) is quite powerful.
Markus P.J. Fromherz.
Switzerland, USA.
LPA MacProlog.
5000 ?
500 ?
Apple Macintosh.
Sold Product
Released
10/89
40
7/92
PULSE STREAM CLASSIFIER
299
Radar/ EW
To assist in the classification of streams of radar pulses
Reduces processing time for staggred pulse stream
extraction and classification by an order of magnitude or more. Implements
a neural network of flexible size in 14 PROLOG predicates.
Gregory Bourassa
Lockheed Canada Inc.
Canada
PDC PROLOG V3.21
~200
~14
IBM 386
MS - DOS
In-house
Released
01/91
30
01/92
NATO AGARD CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS 499
"Future ESM Systems and the Potential for Neural Processing", A. G.
Self, G. Bourassa.
For distrubution contact: DEFENCE RESEARCH INFORMATION CENTRE,
KENTIGERN
HOUSE, 65 Brown St. Glasgow G2 8EX.
PX Telephone Attendant
83
Telephony Application
Conversational Answering Machine
Answers a users telephone and takes a message by
repeatedly prompting the caller and recording the responses.
Larry Brunet
Bell-Northern Research Ltd.
Canada
BNR Prolog
Pascal, C
7500
500
Macintosh
In-house
Evaluation
12/90
30
2/92
Brunet, L., PX Telephone Attendant, Proceedings of
the AVIOS '90 Voice Input/Output Applications Conference
Brunet, L., A Telephone Attendant in Prolog Proceedings of the Practical
Application of Prolog Conference April, 1992
PYTHON
473
Problem Solving Methodologies.
Expert system for recognizing and performing squeeze plays, an
advanced strategy in the game of bridge.
PYTHON is an expert system for recognizing and
performing squeeze plays, an advanced strategy in the game of bridge.
It performs, in its limited domain, at a truly expert standard,
comparable to players of national ranking. The development of PYTHON
illustrates how a well-constructed logical solution to a simple case
of a problem can be extended in several different directions,
yielding new results and a powerful program. PYTHON's core recognizes
when a simple squeeze exists according to well-established theory.
The core was extended to handle more complicated squeezes, also
described by theory, making PYTHON's performance truly expert.
The core was also extended to generate a plan for playing squeezes which
has been successfully executed by a separate bridge playing program.
Finally, methods were added for recognizing and executing squeezes not
covered by existing theory by analogy with the other methods.
Yossi Nygate & Prof. Leon Sterling.
Weizmann Institute of Science .
Israel.
Siscstus.
None.
2500
300
VAX
Personal
Evaluation
12 months.
11/92.
Journal of Logic Programming, Vol 8, pp. 21-39, 1990.
QD-Janus
431
programming language implementation.
A translator for a sequential implementation of the
language Janus.
A compiler for a sequential implementation of the
concurrent constraint programming language Janus
[Saraswat, Kahn & Levy, NACLP-90]. Programs are
translated from Janus to Prolog.
S. K. Debray.
The University of Arizona.
USA
Sicstus Prolog v2.1
none
4500
430
Sparcstation-2
Free/Public Domain
Prototype
12/90
6
6/91
S. K. Debray, "QD-Janus: A Prolog Implementation of
Janus", manuscript, Dept. of Computer Science,
The University of Arizona, Tucson, June 1991.
Rapidforms Forms Template - Contractor
401
Form Processing.
To process 9 contractor related forms.
The Rapidforms Business Form Template program gives you a
friendly easy way to fill in and process various pre-printed forms. The
Contractor's system automates these forms: Proposed, Job Invoice, Letter of
Transmittal. Job Estimate and Change Order. Information entered in one form
passes into the others, keeping track of your jobs, while producing your
forms. Features include, Forms seen on the screen, complete math
capability, build job files and reports, macros, batch printing and our
Intelligent Forms Management System.
North Winds.
North Winds & Rapidforms, Inc.
USA.
PDC Prolog
None.
10000
400
MSDOS 2.0 512K memory, most dot matrix, daisywheel & laser
printers, hard or floppy drive systems
Sold Product
Released
March 1991.
9/1/92
Catalogs.
Rapidforms Forms Template - Tax Template
402
Form Processing.
To process W-2 and 1099 Tax Forms.
The Rapidforms Tax Forms Template program processes
various pre-printed tax forms. Features include: automatic calculation of
W-3 and 1096 forms; multiple companies and employee files; company default
information entered only once; forms can be printed one at a time or by
company; company and employee information is saved for future use.
North Winds.
North Winds & Rapidforms, Inc.
USA.
PDC Prolog
None.
10000
400
MSDOS 2.0 512K memory, most dot matrix, daisywheel & laser
printers, hard or floppy drive systems.
Sold Product
Released
September 1991.
9/1/92
Catalogs.
$RD
105
Software Develpment
The Prolog Rapid Development Toolkit
Submitted to PAC. Paper 273
Harry Brown
UK
LPA
30/10/91
Real Time ABLE compiler
50
Multi-agent systems domains
To compile RTA programs
ABLE (Agent Behaviour LanguagE) is a parallel production
rule language for developing multi-agent systems by explicitly representing
the behaviour of the agents and of the world in which they are situated.
Real Time ABLE (RTA) is a high-performance subset of ABLE which executes at
up to 20;000 events per second and is targeted; inter alia; to the Philips
CD-I player. The RTA compiler contains an ABLE interpreter which expands
the RTA source program into a set of variable- free rules which are then
compiled into a representation of an asynchronous digital logic circuit.
This circuit is emulated in the application by a separate C-based module
called the RTA kernel.
Peter Wavish
Philips Research Laboratories
UK
Quintus
none
4000
200
Sun
In-house
Released
Jan 91
5
8-3-92
P.R. Wavish & D.M. Connah; `Representing Multi-
agent Worlds in ABLE'; Philips Research Laboratories Technical Note
No. 2964; October 1990.
P.R. Wavish; `Real Time ABLE'; Philips Research Laboratories Redhill
Review of 1990; 1991.
Michael Graham and Peter Wavish; `Simulating and Implementing Agents and
Multiple Agent Systems'; Proceedings of the 1991 European Simulation
Multi-Conference; Copenhagen; June 1991.
REDO Window Manager
152
TOOL
An Intelligent Software Maintenance Management System
Submitted to PAC. Paper 223
P. Breuer & Papapanagiotakis
UK
"Quintus, Turbo"
REKPERT PLUS (Rectification Knowledge based Expert System.
305
Chemical Engineering.
REKPERT PLUS consists of several distributed cooperating expert
systems to seperate multicomponant mixtures.
For the implementation of an expert system for
multicomponent rectification the technology of cooperating
distributed problem solving is an adequate concept.
From an abstract point of view we differentiate between a manager
expert system, several expert systems for special domains and service
systems. These systems (agents) communicate directly or via
blackboard.
If a multicomponent mixture is to be seperated in pure components
rectification could be an adequate operation. The cooperating expert
systems of REKPERT PLUS can be consulted to give an advice to
separate the mixture economically. The manager expert system of
REKPERT PLUS decides which system is suitable to solve current
subtasks. The following special expert systems can be alternatively
selected.
- REKPERT for usual columns and sidestreams.
_ TEAGPERT for special cases of the rectification like azeotropic or
extractive distillation.
- SOLPERT choses suitable solvents.
- HEATPERT proposes heat integration possibilities.
-service systems with calculation methods and their applicability.
Alternative sequences, proposed by the system are ranked by the
global knowledge of the manager system.
On the other hand in chemical engineering not only complex tasks arise,
there are also isolated problems, e.g. if a company only needs a new
solvent for their liquid withdrawals in a process. So every expert system
has to be able to operate in a process as a stand alone system and to
cooperate with the other ones.
A team of scientists
Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of
Dortmund.
Germany.
IF/PROLOG
ORACLE (SQL), C, FORTRAN
X-Windows
5MB
386(Ix), Mac (aux), Apollo (Domain OS), LAN
1984
several industrial requests
29. 04. 92
Erdmann, H.H.; Engelmann, H.D.; Burgard, W. und
Simmrock, K.H.: The Use of Expert Systems in Chemical Engineering,
Chem. Eng. Process. , 23 (1988 S. 125-133.
Engelmann, H. -D.; Erdmann, H.-H.; Funder, R. ; Simmrock, K. H. :
The Solving of Comples Process Synthesis Problems Using Distributed
Expert Systems, Comp. chem. Engng. 13 (1989) Nr. 4/5, S.459-
465.
Simmrock, D.H. ; Fried, A. ; Funder, R. ; Schuttenhelm, W. :
Cooperating Expert Systems in Process Synthesis, Computer Application
in the Chemical Industry, Erlangen 23.-26. April 1989, Dechema-
Monographie Vol. 116 S. 135-144, VCH-Verlagsgesellschaft 1989.
Engelmann, H.D. , Funder, R. , Simmrock, K. H. : Aspekte bei der
Realisierung kooperierender Expertensysteme zur ProzeBgenerierung,
Chem. -Ing. -Techn. 62 91990) Nr. 5, S.395-397.
Bieker, T. ; Funder, R. Schuttenhelm, W; Simmrock, K.H.
: Tools zur Entwicklung kooperierender Expertensystems fur
computerunterstutzte ProzeBsynthese, Proceedings, IF/PROLOG User Day,
7. 6. 1991.
REPROBATE
323
Validation.
Software valedation, re-streching and metrics for FORTRAN.
REPROBATE (the Redo Esprit Project Reporter of Bugs and
Typical Errors) is an infeltrated analysis, valedation and restreching tool
set based around the concept of a control repository (PROLOG). It passes
FJN 77, 66, and much of Microsoft, vax 8 Sun FURTRANS into an intermediate
representation, then ????
C.P.W. Hornsby, M.J. Metcalfe.
Lloyd's Register, U.K. (Esprit Redo Project).
U. K.
18,000
In-house
Released
06/92
2
18/05/92
Hornsby C.P.W., "Software valedation for Marine Systems".
Proceedings of the 2nd Intl conference on Machine Communications and
Control, 21-23 November, 1990.
RIGEN
79
Financial Modelling
Regenerate user inputs to a Financial Model
Rigen is a simple utility added to the existing
MOSACRI service which the central Association provides to
participating savings banks. MOSACRI contains a complete high-level
Multiplan model of all of a bank's operations.
Each bank models its particular strategy to achieve its acceptable profit
level. ACRI collates and consolidates the results (which arrive as ASCII
files) on a mainframe system and offers comment and criticism to each bank,
seen in the global picture. Rigen will now allow ACRI, centrally and
without changing existing procedures, to regenerate the original Multiplan
input worksheets and thus simulate alternative strategies to support their
written comments. Rigen provides a friendly and secure front-end which
ensures that the Multiplan worksheets it runs will not go wrong and produce
unexpected, unintelligible, and out-of-context messages.
Brian Read
Italy
PDC Prolog 3.2 with Toolbox
Microsoft Multiplan 3.0, approx. 50%
550
40
IBM PS/2 DOS 3.3 development and delivery
Free/Public Domain
Dead
2/1992
3
2/1992
ROADS
51
Communication networks; private exchanges
The term ROADS stands for Rule Oriented Application
Design System. ROADS is a tool for rapid prototyping and simulation
of applications based upon finite state machine principles.
ROADS supports the following main features:
- Implementation of finite state machines by using SDL-like design
principles combined with the advantages of applying a rule-oriented
approach.
- Prototyping of user interfaces by using the available BIM-Prolog
functions to support the XView Windowing System and the possibility
to connect any type of device; such as PCs using MS-Windows or
workstations using X-Windows
or telephonic devices. In the latter case the implementation of the
prototyped user interface can be reused within the final product
without any constraint.
- A window-oriented user interface for interacting with the tool in
order to develop an application.
- Support for generating documentation.
For ROADS the behavior of an application is modelled by a set of
Finite States Machines (FSM) similar to the principles of the well
known Specification and Description Language (SDL).
R.Schloeglhofer; M.Puchhammer
Alcatel Austria AG
Austria
Prolog by BIM; release 3.1
Some interface routines have been written in C
4000
200
SUN4; XView
In-house
Released
Nov 90
Application development engineers within Alcatel Austria
AG
June 90
RoadWeather Pro
346
Decision support system estimating weather-related effects on
highway maintenance operations, as well as on airports, transportation,
recreational activities, agribusiness etc.
User-interactive 24-hour weather prediction system for snow and
ice control on highways.
RoadWeather Pro consists of three parts: 1) a numerical
weather prediction system which forecasts from specified initial
(radiosonde and surface observations) and boundary conditions (detailed
terrain effects), using a system of hydrodynamic and thermodynamic
differential equations. This part of the system is written in Fortran; 2)
A graphical user interface (GUI) written in Prolog under Windows 3.1 which
is fully interactive and displays predicted weather phenomena as symbolic
objects; 3) an Expert Weather Advisor, written in Prolog and Windows 3.1,
which permits mouse point-and-click manipulation of weather "objects",
thereby allowing forecast upgrades based upon recent observational data
received from sensors or human observers.
Elmar R. Reiter and Luiz Teixeira
WELS Research Corporation.
USA
PDC Prolog 3.30 for Windows 3.1.
WATCOM FORTRAN used for "front-end" numerical prediction
model, ca. 25,000 lines of code.
ca. 10,000 lines of Prolog code.
ca. 1000
Minimum: 386/25 MHz with math coprocessor, 6 Mbyte RAM, 10
Mbyte hard disk space available; Recommended: 486/50 MHz DX, 8 Mbyte RAM,
10 Mbyte available hard disk space.
05/92
07/92
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long
***È
E. R. Reiter, 1991: "Hybrid modeling in
meteorological applications. Part 1: Concepts and approaches.
"Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, Vol. 46, pp 77-99.
E.R. Reiter, David K. Doyle and Luiz Teixeira, 1992: Intelligent and
localized weather prediction. WELS Research Corporation, Final Report to
Strategic Highway Research Program, National Research Council, 140 pp.
RPROLOG - Re-evaluable Prolog .
487
Synthesis of Evolutionary Learning Algorithms.
RPROLOG is a metainterpreter for the programming of the
uncertain possibilistic information feedback accompanying
evolutionary synthesis from genetic building blocks.
The Re-evaluable PROLOG (RPROLOG) is a new
approach for the formalization of the possibilistic uncertain
information feedback of the computer-aided synthesis. Using this
metainterpreter, the PROLOG s ability for the determination of
the all possible solutions in principle remains, however instead of
the systematic search, the successive variants tend to satisfy the
previously
declared evaluating points of view. In the RPROLOG there are four
kinds of predicates as follows: evaluated predicates,
evaluating predicates, re-evaluable predicates, and ordinary
predicates.
The evaluated clauses may have multiple solutions that are
evaluated by one or more aspects, described by the
relatedevaluating clauses. The re-evaluable clauses represent
the significant part of the predicates playing role in the proof of
the respective evaluated clause. The re-evaluable clauses are
automatically supplemented by the various characteristics of the
value distribution functions of the solutions, deduced from them.
The connected ensemble of an evaluated predicate with the related
evaluating and re-evaluable predicates is declared by the so-
called cybernetic modules. The evolutionary steps of the run are as
follows:
-tHaving selected a solution for an evaluated clause the
metainterpreter evaluates it with the related evaluating
clauses.
-tNext the value distribution functions of the prescribed
re-evaluable clauses are modified by the new values.
-tFinally the re-valuable clauses are rearranged according to
certain strategies.
Bela Csukas, Rozalia Lakner, Laszlo Horvath.
University of Veszprem, supported by the Hungarian
Basic Research Grant N OTKA-2550.
Hungary.
TURBOPROLOG 2.0, PDC PROLOG 3.31
TURBOPASCAL and FORTRAN versions existed.
2000
250
PC/AT 386
In-house
Evaluation
12/1989
20
12/1993
Csukas B., Lakner R.: Evolutionary Structures and
Multicriteria Learning Languages - the RPROLOG Concept, Annales Univ.
Sci Budapest., Sect. Comp. 12 (1991) pp. 49-57
RTSC - Real Time Supervisory Control by structure-based PROLOG
program.
489
Real Time Supervisory Control and Database Management.
Supervisory control of a flexible multiproduct batch
plant
including supervision of a PLC and a six-channel periphery interface,
as well as receipt interpreter software balance and database
manipulation.
In the structure-based supervisory control and
real-time
database management the continuous and discrete activities are
represented by a unified structural model. In this structure
there are 9 types of passive elements including reserved places for
the various kinds of Prolog terms referring to keyboard inputs,
periphery inputs, periphery outputs, internal hidden dynamic
information, internal monitored dynamic information, problems
activating various tasks, database inputs, database outputs,
printer outputs and screen outputs. There are 2 types of the active
elements describing the rules and the dynamically
called program modules of the individual problem solving tasks.
This architecture of the control model supports the in-parallel
execution that can be realized either by a concurrent operational
system (e.g. CDOS) or by the processes of a CSPROLOG program
running in a multiputer machine.
As an example in a flexible multiproduct plant powder
mixtures for welding electrodes are produced according to cca. 100
receipts from 1-20 components stored in 28 silos. There are three
feeding lines (weigh hoppers and rope crabs), four automatic
weighers, two manual balances, conveyor, mixer and a drum filling
station. The local control is performed by a FESTO PLC (FPC-405),
and the communication is supported by a six-channel
periphery interface, both of them connected to the
SICOMP PC via the serial ports. The PROLOG supervisory program
decomposes the actual tasks, coordinates and controls the feeding,
weighing, mixing and filling processes, updates the software balance,
accomplishes logging and performs the database handling functions
(including task generation, interactive database manipulations,
statistical data processing and archivation).
Bela Csukas, Karoly Varga, Laszlo Jambor, Lajos Nagy,
Tibor Chovan, Gabor Wittinger.
University of Veszprem, supported by the Hungarian
basic Research Grant N OTKA-2550.
Hungary.
TURBOPROLOG 2.0; PDC PROLOG 3.31
Certain tasks of low level periphery communication and
database management can be advantageously implemented in C.
5000
600
PC/AT 286 and 386 optionally under CDOS .
Sold Product
9/1991
1
12/1993
In preparation.
SALI
153
Power distribution
a Substation ALarms Interpreter
Submitted to PAC. Paper 364
Vlado Milosevic
Switzerland
AAIS Prolog
Macintosh II
6/11/91
SAME
187
Systems design
Structured Analysis Modelleling Environment
SAME provides a set of tools implementing Structured
Analysis methodology, based primarily on data flow diagrams.This includes
the ability to 'run' dataflow diagrams.
Tom Docker
New Zealand
LPA MACProlog
Macintosh
T.W.G. Docker: SAME - A structured analysis tool and its
implementation in Prolog. ICLP5, 1988, pp82-95
SAMPLE: The Simplest AI Language Interpreter
80
Knowledge Representation
Development and implementation of a new technology for
creation of
expert systems in any field of symbol-numeric data processing by
problem
analysem
analysts rather than professional programmers.
The technology main feature: the user composes a program from fielded
data examples (generalizing and building up some structure on them).
The system contains menu service, editor, means for
control over SAMPLE Interpreter options, tutorial and 20 demo
programs. The SAMPLE language short description. Syntax is
intentionally made trivial (only 4 key words). The only semantic
concept: matching text abstractions (which may contain variables
instead of abstracted fragments). Clauses and program performance are
analogous to the Prolog ones. Link with Prolog is used for machine-
oriented objects and effects. The main feature of the language is the
most possible similarity of constructions for writing algorithms to
the data being processed. SAMPLE may be considered as simplification
of Prolog with special conventions and additional powerful
possibilities for list matching, which are related to Refal, Snobol
or Planner languages.
Uses: Linguistics: Check spelling (inflected languages as Finnish);
Research Music: Generation and analysis of specific dodecaphonic series and
tunes Mathematics: symbolic differentiation; logic formulas transformation;
Education: demonstration of Logic Programming and other AI concepts in
their simplest form. Aprobated with more than 50 program examples (with 2-
300 clauses SAMPLE source code sizes)
A.H. Gleibman, A.G. Sokolsky
Institute of Theoretical Astronomy of the Russian Academy
of Sciences
Russia
Arity Prolog
No
2500
90
IBM PC/XT/AT and compatible
Released
Universities, Colleges (education process);
CS and AI labs (expert systems development);
Enterprises (creation of expert systems for technologies)
Conservatory (musicologic analysis)
February 1982
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long
***È
1. Gleibman A.H. SAMPLE: New Programming Technology
And AI
Language (subtitle: Data processing examples abstraction immediately
becomes a useful program if text matching is in focus). To be
appeared.
2. Gleibman A.H. and Kirsanov N.O. Using SAMPLE for Algebra and
Linguistics. To be appeared. (Both papers are available in TeX
format.
Contact the Authors)
3. Gleibman A.H. Synthesis of Text Processing Programs by Examples:
the SAMPLE Language. Preprint of the Institute of Theoretical
Astronomy of the USSR Academy of Sciences No. 15, St. Petersburg,
1991
(in Russian). English translation is available in the ITA.
4. SAMPLE. The Simplest AI Language Interpreter. User's manual. ITA
of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1992
SANOCOR
73
Preventive Medicine
Evaluate personal risk of coronary disease
Expert system. User enters personal data - program
evaluates risk of coronary heart disease. Features a meta-system that can
explain its advices and reasonings. Context sensitive help.
Audun Toennesen
STATOIL - The Norwegian National Oil Company
Norway
PDC ESTA
void
void
void
IBM PC/ DOS
In-house
Evaluation
May 1987
50
March 1992
Internal company publications, seminars on
Artificial
Intelligence.
SAR
388
Electrical dispatching.
Restoration of an electrical power network after a general
black-out.
Expert system for restoration electrical distribution
networks after a general black-out. Under development for the Spanish
electrical companies ENHER, FECSA, HEC and REE.
Antoni Trias and programmers team.
AIA
Spain.
PDC Prolog 3.3 for Windows, Delphia Prolog on RISC
station.
Oracle, STORIA, XMOTIF, C.
unknown.
unknown.
Developed PC 386 / MS DOS and RISC station
Delivery RISC station (SUN and IBM)
Sold Product
Prototype
07/1992
SAX
439
Natural Language Processing.
A parser generator for DCGs.
A parser generator for a Definite Clause Grammar
which
implements a concurrent bottom-up Chart parser. The system provides other
facilities such as a simple English morphologica analyzer, a tree printer,
and an interface from a Japanese morphological analyzer.
Yuji Matsumoto.
Deptartment of Electrical Engineering, Kyoto University.
Japan.
SICStus Prolog
No
1500
150
SUN SPARCstation.
In-house
Evaluation
October 1991
5
22 April 1992
Yuji Matsumoto and Ryoichi Sugimura, A Parsing System
based on Logic Programming, IJCAI-87, Aug. 1987.
SCE
154
TOOL
A Tool for defining Routing Information for the freephone
Service in AXE.
Submitted to PAC. Paper 121
Hans Nilsson
Sweden
Prolog 2
IBM PC family
30/10/91
Scheduling and Planning
97
Car Manfacturing
Scheduling and Planning - Manufacturing Sector A
production line at a car manufacturing plant can accept a very large number
of different model configurations. This flexibility means that the process
of 'line balancing'. optimising the 'build' process of each car and
supplying the line with skilled workers and materials is extremely complex.
The basic rules of line balancing are already well known to skilled
industrial engineers at the plant and had already been expressed by the
customer's staff using Quintec-Prolog on a PC. Quintec Systems Ltd. was
commissioned to provide and intuitive graphical system that allowed
engineers to specify and manipulate a 'build precedence' network. A layered
technique was employed so that the system could handle very detailed
information without obscuring the network layout. The system was contructed
using Quintec-Objects on a PC under Microsoft Windows and is currently
undergoing trials at the plant. The manufacturer hopes to employ the system
at their other plants in future.
Quintec Systems Ltd
UK
Quintec
PC with Windows
In-house
Evaluation
Schikorre
155
Power distribution
Schikorre: A Knowledge Based System for the Correlation of
Stratigraphic Sequences in Prolog
Submitted to PAC. Paper 249
Dr Lutz Plumer & Baumbach
Germany
LPA Prolog
PC
31/10/91
SCORE
22
Airline Fleet Management
Decision support system for traffic planning and coordination
in large airports.
SCORE is an airport management system which provides
planning for arrival and departures. In major airports with a large number
of carrier movements; the task of efficient traffic coordination becomes a
very complex when historical precedence; IATA regulations and local
procedures have to be observed. SLOT automates this task.
Dan Ole Johansen
Prolog Development Center
Denmark
PDC Prolog
none
>10.000
<100.000
DOS; OS/2
Sold Product
Released
1/12 1988
15
01/92
Scrivenerª - A Document Assembly Legal Expert System
89
Legal drafting
an expert system based document assembly program
To create a document for a user which is compatible
with Word Perfect¨, Scrivener asks for necessary information to
select and combine standardized sentences, paragraphs or other blocks
of text, inserting the relevent names and other variable information
into the selected text to create a customized document. It therefore
reduces the time needed to prepare common forms of document and the
possibility of errors in choosing among numerous standardized
provisions.
Scrivener offers the following features: ¥ The user is only asked necessary
and relevant questions when assembling a document and can change any or all
answers at any time and then see the document reassembled with the revised
answers. ¥ Scrivener can display the model in outline form, with the
conditions for including (or excluding) each clause, and provides pull-down
menus and other development tools for quick and easy model editing.. ¥
Scrivener uses natural language names for variables and clauses with no
artificial numbering or labelling and supports a variety of data types,
including text, numbers, dates and multiple choice and a variety of data
functions including arithmetic, string manipulation, date arithmetic and
financial functions. Dianoetic also offers a library of legal documents in
model form, such as incorporation documents, leases, contracts, wills and
trusts, for attorneys who wish to purchase and modify prewritten models.
Dianoetic Development Company, Pennsylvania, U.S
USA
Arity Prolog
30 lines of C
7,500 lines of Prolog
IBM PC
Sold Product
Released
SD-Scicon Analyst System
91
Computer Aided Software Engineering
provides a complete and automated support system for specifying
project requirements
Analyst provides the software developer with a powerful
tool for capturing a thorough specification of the project at different
levels of abstraction the CORE methodology. It takes full advantage of the
well-known user interface on the Apple Macintosh on which the system runs,
and provides comprehensive graphics facilities using the full functionality
of the Macintosh Toolbox. The high-level graphics programming features and
window-style bit-mapped graphics combine to give Analyst the complete 'look
and feel' of a standard Macintosh application. Other activities also
related to the production of a requirements specification, such as
documentation and diagrams, can be performed on the same Macintosh system.
It is generally recognized that Prolog's strength is in the expression of
logical relations and rules. SD therefore used Prolog for Analyst's rule
checking subsystem. It is used to express the methodology rules and to
store and retrieve application information. Pascal is used for handling
user-interaction and interactive graphics in line with SD's normal policy.
Development started in 1983.
SD-Scicon
UK
LPA MacProlog
Pascal and Assembler
Macintosh
Sold Product
Released
1983
1991
SEAP (Systeme expert d'alerte precoce).
74
Famine Prediction
Help the team in charge of the Malian "Early Warning
System"
(SAP:Systeme d'Alerte Precoce), to predict and assess the
nutritional status of the Malian population.
Early Warning Systems aims at preventing the
occurence of famines in sahelian coutries, such as experienced in
1973-1974 and 1984. With the technical support of AEDES, the malian
EWS collect all through the year agricultural and economical
indicators about harvest, prices and availability of crops on
markets; cattle and so on, and also more behavioral indicators
related to migrations, changing of food habits...about some 200
administratives areas of the North Mali.
SEAP is an information system acting first as a database manager for the
stockage and restitution of all these indicators and secondly as a kind of
expert system for their interpretation. By the confrontation of these
conjonctural indicators with structural data about each of the
administrative sectors, and with production rules, it produces early in the
year a prognostic about the future nutritional status of the population and
at the end of the year an end-state diagnostic. The outputs of the system
help the technical team in formulating recommendations about food
distribution and in orienting the collect of data.
Programming: Paul-Marie BOULANGER from ADRASS and
Jean-Michel
GUILLAUME from AEDES.
Analysis:Francoise ANDRE et Jean-Michel GUILLAUME (AEDES),Paul-
Marie BOULANGER (ADRASS) + all the technical staff of the
"SAP-MALI" (Systeme d'Alerte Precoce).
A.E.D.E.S.: Association Europeenne pour le
Developpement et la
Sante (European Association for Health and Development).
Belgium and Mali (Africa).
3580
330
80286 with 1MB of RAM and 42 MB of HD.
MS-DOS 3.3
In-house
Released
02-1990
1
02/18/1992
F.ANDRE,P-M BOULANGER & J-M GUILLAUME:"Le systeme
d'alerte precoce au Mali:l'approche expert", AEDES, Bruxelles, 1991.
SECReTS
189
Financial advice
supporting senior decision makers within bankers organisations
An expert system which provides statistical and
analytic information for credit extension or rationing, and the
control of risks. It uses information supplied to the Italian central
Risk Centre about loans and loads on clients.
Installed at The Banco Populare di Sondrio and all its branch offices.
Formula plu
Italy
LPA MacProlog
Macintosh
Released
See Mail, Version 1.3
411
Communications and Networking, group work support tools.
Comprehensive e-mail system for DOS based LAN, with MCI Mail
for external e-mail.
This is a comprehensive e-mail system including a
powerful range of tools & utilities to manage a complete e-mail
system, not just basic message passing. The internal mail system
supports groups, password security & mail attachments. The MCI mail
access includes both on-line
access & full unattended background mail transfers. Extended support
is provided for mail storage, including filing cabinet with drawers &
folders, mail compression, & archiving. The system also has a
configurable built-in PIM database system for addressing & other
uses. Mail management tools including key word searching across
folders, bulk move, delete, & archive tools. A multi-font/page
formatting print tool rounds out the package. Supports mouse, 43/50
line modes,& setting of
UI defaults. Recognises MCI, Compuserve, GE mail, configurable to read old
mail from other systems for seamless upgrade.
David RR Webber.
Gnosis Inc.
USA.
PDC 3.21.
Assembler.
30,000
6,000
PC compatibles, PS/2.
Sold Product
Released
March 1991
100+
March 1992
None.
SEED
156
Software Development
Using Prolog to Develop Tools Supporting Formal Methods in
Software Development
Submitted to PAC. Paper 276
Betty Cheng & Gannod
USA
6/11/91
SEILBAHN
347
Technical and financial calculation of airial tramways.
void.
The first part of the system calculates a complete
ropeway system with all the technical data and parameters based on the
specific country and construction laws (15 countries, 22 types and so far).
The second part calculates all prices and weights for a complete system
with all the details. Using the companies catalogue the system leads the
user through all possible options. The output is a correct offer, based on
the selected technical data. The user can pick a language and can ask for
different output language.
H. Geschwindner.
Sisyphos/Doppelmayer.
Germany/Austria.
Turbo Prolog/PDC Prolog 2.0/ PDC Prolog 3.30.
None.
in Prolog: With comments 13000 lines.
void.
PC's 80286/386/486
MS-DOS 640 KB RAM
Diskspace 20 MB
EGA/VGA
Sold Product
Released
10/89
void.
05/08/92
SEL Compiler
157
PAR
Compiler For Subset Equational Language & Abstract Analyzers
Submitted to PAC. Paper 347
Giancarlo Succi
Italy
RISC Sun 4 architecture
6/11/91
SERPES
11
Water Engineering Expert Systems
Perform Sewerage Rehabilitation Planning
SERPES performs three of the major phases from the
standard SewerageRehabilitation Planning Procedures. This includes
interfacing to andinterpreting the output of a large commercial Fortran
simulation program;WASSP.
Charles Hornsby; Mike Metcalfe
University of Surrey
England
Quintus Prolog; Quintec Prolog
Quintus ProWindows; Fortran
40000
1500
Sun 4 / SunOS4
Licensed
Released
1987
n/a
Oct 1991
Ahmad; Holmes-Higgin; Hornsby & Langdon; 1988; "Expert
Systems for Planning andControlling Complex Physical Networks"; Knowledge
Based Systems Journal 1 (3)pp 153-165.
Sesam-Chimio Hypertext system
207
Medical information
Browsing of patient medical records
Sesam-Chimio is itself a prototype knowledge-based system
to monitor the progress of patients undergoing chemotherapy. The hypertext
system uses a library of hypertext functions BIM-ProbeText, which is
integrated within BIM_Probe, an obect-oriented system implemented in
Prolog.
I. de Zegher, Philippe Jassem
BIM
Belgium
Prolog by BIM, with BIM_Probe
SUN
In-house
Evaluation
3
I. de Zeger, P. Jassem. Coupling hypertext to an object-
oriented environment. Artificial Intelligence in Medecine 2, (1990) pp205-
216.
SEXSY (Studiefinancierings EXpert Systeem // Scholarship
Expert System)
371
Expert system, legislation on scholarships.
SEXSY is a tool to compute the composition and amount of
governmental scholarships.
SEXSY is a data driven rule-based expert system
with hypertext facilities. It's an event driven system with a text-
mode windowing user inter-face. It supplies the decentralised
"Steunpunten" (information burea) of the
Ministry of Education and Science with a tool to answer complex
questions of students about the amount and composition (gift, loan)
of their governmental
scholarship they may expect, given their personal situation. SEXSY
consists of about 100 rules which apply on about 1500 facts. The user
interfaces consists of multiple "forms" in resizeable and moveable
windows. In these
forms the user may specify the situation of the student. SEXSY
applies the scholarship legislation to these facts and computes the
scholarship the student may expect. The system will be extended with
a hyperbase containing the
legislation, further regulations, and jurisprudence on scholarships.
Dick Schrauwen, Miguel Carrasquer.
Joint-venture of Niceware and Hogeschool Rotterdam en
Omstreken.
The Netherlands.
PDC Prolog 3.30.
Borland C++ 3.0, PharLap DOS-Extender, PDC
Hypertext
Toolbox and regular PDC Prolog Toolbox.
5000 (+/- 30% excluding toolboxes)
478 (excluding toolboxes and libraries)
MS-DOS, 286-extended DOS, OS/2 (textmode).
Licensed
Released
August 1992
12th of August 1992
12th of August 1992.
Simapro
391
Environmental analysis of products.
Calculating environmental impact of production/use/waste
handling of products.
Description Experimental program that reflects Life
Cycle
Analysis method for products. The program delivers an overview of
environmental impacts (emisions and use resources) caused by
production, use and waste handling of products. Program has four
parts: A database module, a product definition module, a calculation
module and a presentation module. In the database module process
information (use resources, use intermediate products,
emissions to air/water/soil and product of process) in stored and
maintained. The calculation module takes as input a product design,
retrieves additional information from the database, and delivers raw
information with in the
presentation module is displayed (tables, graphs).
R. Heule/L. van Oers/J. Guinae/P. Mulder.
Centre for environmental Science of the Leiden
University.
Holland.
PDC Prolog 3.2
None.
Approx. 3000
Approx. 250
MS-DOS 5.0
Sold Product
April 1991.
April 1991.
Simapro manual (1991).
SIMPOS
254
Operating systems
operating system for the personal sequential inference machine
SIMPOS has been developed under the following
principles:
To provide a good programming environment for logic programming
To provide a good man-machine interface through a multi-window
system
to provide the necessary computer network facilities
to provide a unique language system based on a logic programming
language, ESP
to develop an object-oriented paradigm which would realize a
simple, consistent and flexible system.
It consists of a programming system (PS) and operating system (OS). It
includes a Kernel, Supervisor, I/O Media system, programming system and
Manipulator.
ICOT
Japan
ESP
145,000
15,000
PSI
In-house
Evaluation
1985?
1986
K. Fuchi, K. Furukawa: The Role of Logic Programming in
the Fifth Generation Computer Project. ICLP3, 1986. pp1-24.
SimSched
413
Design and control of Flexible Manufacturing Systems.
Creating manufacturing schedule and analyzing the work of
Flexible Manufacturing Systems using simulation.
This CS-PROLOG based simulation system creates
manufacturing schedule for given manufacturing tasks.
Each resource of the manufacturing cell and each
workpiece is represented by individual, parallel,
communicating processes. Animation Package is connected to system.
CIM Research Laboratory.
Computer and Automation Institute, Hungarian
Academy
of Sciences.
Hungary.
CS-PROLOG (Communicating Sequential PROLOG, developed by
Multilogic Ltd., Hungary).
Microsoft C and Graphic Software Systems* Computer
Graphic Interface (GSS*CGI) for the connected Animation Package.
800
200
IBM PC AT, OS/2; MicroVAX, VMS
Personal
Prototype
July 1991
Marc 1992
Publication: George Kovacs, Istvan Mezgar and Sandor
Kopacsi: Concurrent design of automated manufacturing systems using
knowledge processing technology; IMS'91-Learning in IMS, Computer in
Industry 17 (1991) pp.257-267, Elsevier.
SINTESIS
158
Software Development
Towards an Automated Software Production Environment
Submitted to PAC. Paper 290
I Ramos et al
Spain
BIM Prolog
Sun 3/XX Workstations
31/10/91
SIPS
159
CIM, QA, Education, Artificial Intelligence.
Inductive Analysis: A machine learning algorithm as an
alternative statistical technique.
The theoretical bases of this program are Quinlan's
ID3-Induction Algorithn and Cendrowska's PRISM-algorithm. ID3
produces decision trees, PRISM produces modular rules. Own research
involved several aspects, such as dealing with real-typed variables,
missing data, noisy data, contradictory data, finding a way to merge
ID3 and PRISM, making the program output understandable for technical
oriented persons and so on.
Development started as an exercise to learn how to write a program in
Prolog. Its further growth was driven by the R&D division of a steel
cord multi-national , who collected huge amounts of data on the work
floor as a first step towards CIM and -what is now called: QA- and
by R&D work at the depertment of Building Sciences at a University
where one of the questions was how to distinguish experts from
novices, and to find out what does expertise really mean, and how
efficient the transfer of knowledge is in this domain.
In both domains mentioned above, the program yielded results of great
practical importance. Some relations found in the data set collected on
the woek floor had such potential that when other statistical techniques
could not confirm those relations, the company resorted to laboratory
experiments that did indeed confirm the findings by SIPS.
Guido Cosemans
V.I.T.O. (The Flemish Institute for Technology and
Research)
Belgium
Turbo Prolog (now PDC Prolog).
Assembler (100 lines).
18,000
1500
development: 386-PC, MS-DOS 3, PDC Prolog
delivery: PC-AT, 640 KB RAM and hard disk
SUN (in PC-DOS envirinment)
06/92
Void.
09/07/92
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long
***È
1) Cosemans g., Dijkstra J., Hajek J., Post W.
Schaefer W, Vavra F. and Melichar J., Methoden voor klasse-
identificatie empirisch vergeleken, Internal Report, University of
Eindhoven, Dept. of Building Sciences, 1991.
2) Cosemans g. and Samyn J. Inductive Analysis of Data Sets, Proceedings
of the SEAS Annual Meeting, Amsterdam, September 25-28.
SIRIUS
379
Train dispatching and control.
Decrease the operator resolution time of failures on trains on
the track lines by means of dialoging expert system.
Expert system for train failures treatment for the series
UT 111 cars. Project developed for the Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de
Catalunya.
Xavier Fustero and programmers team.
AIA
Spain.
PDC Prolog 3.31
void
4790
354
Developed PC 386/ MS DOS
Delivery PC / MS DOS
Sold Product
Released
1992
07/1992
SKIL
160
CASE
Synthesizing Knowledge in Intuitionistic Logic
Submitted to PAC. Paper 387
D Galmiche, Conraud, & Herman
France
Quintus
6/11/91
Skilaki
62
Expert systems
Logic based expert system shell
An expert system shell similar to `apes'. It
provides
a query the user facilty, conditional answers a form of
constructive negation, and an execution trace. It uses a
compilation aproach rather than a meta interpreter.
Marek Sergot and Yannis Cosmadopoulos
The developers
UK
LPA MacProlog
1200
150
Apple Mac
Free/Public Domain
Evaluation
Month/year of inital practical use of program
10
27/3/92
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long
***È
Peter Hammond, APES: A User Manual",
Report 82/9, Department of Computing, Imperial College", 1982
Yannis Cosmadopoulos and Richard W. Southwick, Using Meta-Level
Information for Expert System Control: A Blending Transformer
Approach,
In Nigel Shadbolt (Ed) "Research and Development in Expert Systems
VI, Cambridge University Press, pp54-65,1989
Yannis Cosmadopoulos and Marek Sergot and Richard W. Southwick. Data-
driven Transformation of Meta-interpreters: A Sketch. In Michael M.
Richter, Harold Boley (Eds) Proceedings of the International Workshop
on Processing Declarative Knowledge. Springer Verlag, 1991
SKOL EXPERT
410
Education.
Introduce pupils to expert systems / logic / automated
reasoning.
SKOL ("school") EXPERT is a C&M-derived inference
engine with elements of cumulative uncertainty evaluation, running in
a semi-graphic shell featuring decision-tree display, rule-base
verification/consistency
check/editing, file mgr, etc. Two different rule-syntaces are available
for compatibility with an existing Swedish Prolog, and the inference engine
will optionally forward-chain.
Per Gregers Bilse, Goeran Nydahl.
Prolog Development Center, Swedish Ministry of
Education,
respectively.
Denmark, Sweden.
PDC Prolog.
5% C, by volume.
4500
400
DOS
Autumn 1988
Not reported.
25th 1992
"SKOL EXPERT User's Guide" by Goeran Nydahl,
Swedish
Ministry of Education.
SMES
314
Monitoring.
Monitoring a tunnel-drill-machine.
The system monitors the drilling process in
realtime. In case of malfunction (pipe-clogs, influxes, .....)
diagnosis is started.
The system has two parts:
Part 1. measures up to 96 analog and 128 digital sensor-readings and
visualises them on a PC screen.
Part 2. analyses abnormal values, finds relations between
malfunction and offers a fix-procedure.
The usefulness of this system was proven at building sites with difficult
geological environments and with high water pressures. In these cases a
very precise and sensitive control of the drilling process is necessary.
Dr. Oskar Bartenstein.
Interface Computer Japan Ltd.
Japan.
IF/PROLOG
GKS
HP 9300
Sold Product
Released
08/87
1.
14/02/92
SMI
161
OODB
A Meta-Integration System for a Heterogeneous Object-Oriented
Database Environment - Implementation in Prolog
Submitted to PAC. Paper 361
Qutaishat, Fiddian, & Gray
UK
POPLOG
Sun
6/11/91
SMS
271
Mathematics
To simplify mathematical structures
The objective the system is to simplify expressions of a
very broad class of mathematical structures (including groups, rings,
fields, Boolean lattices, etc). Expressions are traversed bottom up and
represented by binary trees. In case of an associative chain of operators
the program performs sorting according to the appropriate ordering aspects.
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
V. Kofalusi (1979)
On Simplification in mathematical structures.
SOFTECH D42, SZAMKI, 1979, pp.12-86.
Socrate
498
Computer based training.
Is a CAI system for developing lessons by teachers
don*t know anything about computers.
The program works for two purposes: Building
lessons by the teacher and learn this lessons by a student.
Teacher: - Can write question in multiple choice, programming
instruction, true/false type.
- Have to insert the right answer to questions.
- Have to insert a number positive & negative for the
wrong / right answers.
- Have many utilities like a electronic register.
Student: - Have to answer to question inserts by
teachers.
- The system give an evaluation (positive/negative) to each
question & to the entire exercise
- Furthermore give statistic & graphical supports
(= histogramme) to describe the students behaviour.
Dr. Luciano Pes .
Italy.
PDC Prolog (Turbo Prolog 2.0 From Borland, under DOS with
8086 platform using BGI & Microsoft mouse.)
1.600
103
Sold Product
Released
September *92
10/12/92
Software development information system
284
Software development
An information system for the "Answer" software development
system
The system is used as a submodule of the ANSWER
software development environment for CDL programs. The main function
of the system include:
- checking for the correct connections between CDL program modules
- tracing the effects of a modification of a CDL object
- searching a CDL module for a given task.
P. Ban, J. Kohegyi, Gy. Suhai, A. Veszepremi, L. Zsako
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
P. Ban, J. Kohegyi, Gy. Suhai, A. Veszepremi, L.
Zsako (1979)
An information system for Answer
ELTE report.
SOFTTECH D20, SZAMKI, 1979.
SOLITAIRE FOUNDATION PLANNING
291
To automate the planning of Solitaire Foundation
The problem solved by the system is the selection of
bodies, usable under columns, from a given set of system components. An
arbitrary system is loaded (the load list) and a distance list can be given
in the goal statement and a result consists of the identifiers of the
foundation bodies to be used at the loading forces.
D. Holnapy
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
D. Holnapy (1979)
Mathematical foundations of the automatised technical planning.
ETI report, 1979.
Sonar performance
174
Sonar design
Optimization of sonar performance
This enables the designer to forecast the performance of
a device and dimension it according to the specification. These operations
are governed by a certain number of equations that take into account the
propagation conditions of the relevant evironment, the state of the sea,
the range, emission frequencies, etc.
Thomson SIntra ASM, Toulon
France
Prolog III
SP-Motif
428
Graphical User Interface.
Prolog Interface to OSF/Motif.
It provides an Object Oriented Interface to the
OSF/Motif
Toolkit and so, eases the task of implementing Graphical
User Interface based on OSF/Motif. Each Motif pseudo class is mapped
onto a true SP-Prolog class where Motif functions are seen as
methods sent to instances of these classes, some Xt functions are
seen as predicates. A SP-Motif programm can be interpreted so the
development
time is reduced. The final programm can be compiled.
Ph. Coq ,J. Dalle Rive.
Bull S.A.
France.
SP-Prolog Compiler (Bull S.A)
(SP-Prolog Compiler has been extended to incorporate
smalltalk-like object oriented mechanisms)
C
6000
600
DPX5000,DPX2000,DPX/2 100,200,300 MIPS, AIX RS/6000
Sold Product
Released
02/91
15
03/92
SPADE
492
High integrity software.
To provide formal validation and verification of high-
integrity
software.
The SPADE interactive Proof Checker was developed
to provide formal validation and verification of high-integrity
software. It can be applied to software written in a variety of
programming languages: Pascal, 68000 assembler, a provable Ada subset
("SPARK"). The Proof Checker polices proof
attempts, preventing the user from making incorrect deductions or
manipulations, and it assists the user in searching for a proof by
applying a large library of replacement and inference rules using
pattern matching
techniques. Systematic validation by SPADE during a program
implementation also significantly reduces the burden of subsequent
testing and maintenance.
POPLOG was selected for development of the Proof Checker because of its
conformity to Prolog standards, its rigour in handling integers of
arbitrary length, and its availability on a number of platforms.
Ian O'Neill
Program Validation Limited.
U.K.
POPLOG Prolog.
No.
17,000
700
VAX VMS SUN MicroVAX
Licensed
Released
10/87 (practical use)
20
19.1.93
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long
***È
Logic Programming Tools and Techniques for
Imperative Program Verification
Ian O"Neill Ph.D. Thesis, University of Southampton Department of
Electronics and Computer Science, April 1987
A Proof Tool for Program Proving
Ian M. O'Neill
Prodeedings of BCS FACS Term Rewriting Workshop, Bristol, September
1988.
The Formal Verification of Safety-Critical Assembly Code
I.M. O'Neill, D.L. Clutterbuck, P.F. Farrow, P.G. Summers and W.G.
Dolman
Proceedings of SAFECOMP'88 Fulda, F.R.G., Pergamon Press Nov 1988.
SPADE - un outil pour la preuve de la correction des programmes
Ian M. O'Neill
in La Lettre de la Surete de Fonctionnement, no. 4 Nov 1988.
Tool Support for Software Proof
Ian O'Neill and Denton L. Clutterbuck
Proceedings of IEE Colloquium on the Application of Computer Aided
Software Engineering Tools, Feb 1989.
Machine-Assisted Program Proof
Ian M. O'Neill
Proceedings of SafetyNet '89: Industrial Experience of Formal
Methods, November 1989.
Validation and Verification of Low-Level Language Code
Ian M. O'Neill
Proceedings of Colloquium on High Integrity Systems, organised by BCS
Specialist Group on Safety-Related Systems, Warwick, April 1990.
Speech synthesis
235
Speech synthesis
high quality speech synthesis system
This uses a non-procedural declarative approach to
knowledge representation in speech synthesis. The Unification Grammar
formalism is adopted using directed acyclic graphs as the data structure
for the representation of phonological words and phrases. The accoustic
interpretation of such structures is determined by simple constraint-
satisfaction techniques rather than a laboured set of destructive
transformation rules. This approach avoids many of the practical problems
encountered in conventional text-to-speech systems, yielding high quality
speech.
York University
UK
Poplog
MicroVax 3400
Spiral Menu
513
Sprial menu is a graphics user interface, hence a general
purpose routine. Most efficient use will be in applications where
items to select may be arranged in alphabetical or numerical order,
or some other logical order like menus, directories, customer decks,
geographic indexes, lexical
collections, catalogues, etc.
Thanks to mouse selection, Sprial Menu allows random access to
up to 53 items, in graphics mode.
Spiral Menu becomes of use in applications
requiring fast
selection from a large number of items.
Up to 53 items may be displayed on one single screen.
Random, rather than sequential access is provided for, thanks to
mouse point and click.
Discrimination and progress analysis between items is enhanced by a
spiral background, and each box around one name receives a
distinctive musical identifier.
When mouse arrow enters one box, said box starts blinking and own
tune goes on, for easy visual and auditive tracking.
Potential enhancements include:
-- multiple selection, color changes, etc.
-- crunching an even larger number of entries, maybe a few hundreds,
on one single screen.
-- organizing sequences on other compact patterns, maybe dynamic ones.
Pierre Chirouze.
None.
France.
PDC Prolog 3.31a
None.
1000
18
386, VGA monitor, DOS 4.01 and above.
Personal
Evaluation
4/92
10
9 feb 1993
SRI Business Analysis
199
Systems analysis
Prolog was used to build an interface to an
existing C program which provided an analytic hierarchy model. An
optimization program was then developed in Prolog to allow the user
to modify information in the ranking algorithm.
The analysis begins with a reasoning process which deduces a
recommended positioning for the new product. From that information a
market function is build. The optimization program then runs with
control of the rule-based deductive reasoning system. If at any time
the systems analysis does not seem to fit with the reality of the
scenario, changes can be made in the program definition.
The system reduces typical project time from 6 months to two weeks.
SRI International
USA
Quintus
C
Unix
SSPA
163
PLAN
A KBS for Writing Safe Sequences of Operations on a High
Voltage Electricity Network
Submitted to PAC. Paper 201
Brint et al
UK
Quintec Prolog
"Sun 3, to PCs running windows"
31/10/91
SSTREN
356
Computer Aided Training for mentally impaired pupils.
Software/Hardware training package for severely mentally
inpaired.
Activation of the switchpad on the supplied special
keyboard gives the pupil auditive and visual feedback on different
subjects. Several modules are planned.
Sigve B_
SigveSaker
Norway.
PDC Prolog 3.3 + PDC Toolbox.
None.
600
20
MS-DOS.
Sold Product
Evaluation
08/92
12/08/92
Staff
20
Staff Scheduling
Creation and maintenance of work schedules for large companies
and institutions.
Staff is a system for decentralized creation and
maintenance of work schedules for larger companies and institutions. The
system works on a PC with optional communication with a central computer
system for transfer of payroll data. Staff automatically generates and
optimizes staff schedules based on skill requirements within departments;
holiday plans and shift preferences. The Staff planning procedure uses a
rule based expert system which specifies the rules for work schedule
generation; based on governing laws; local agreements and planning
heuristics.
Jens Kjaerum; Lars Malmgren-Hansen
Prolog Development Center
Denmark
PDC Prolog
>10.000
<100.000
IBM PC with DOS version 3.30 or OS/2 version 1.1 or later, with
640K RAM (OS/2 version 4M RAM)
Sold Product
Released
02/89
200
01/92
STEUFF
480
Nuclear technique still in use ! in preliminary use at a
nuclear station.
Producing in-data for a computer that surveys and controls the
stearing mechanism in a KWU hot-water reactor.
XPS with a nice graphical user interface, mouse,
OOP, print
options of end forms.
Siemens KWU0143, Joachim Lorek.
Siemens KWU internally.
Germany.
PDC Prolog 3.0 (formerly Turbo Prolog 2.0)
C for a printer routine.
approx. 16.000
approx. 1500
DOS 5, PC 286...486
Prototype
10/91
10/92
Expert Systems and Computer Simulation in Energy
Engineering, March 92, 8520 Erlangen
STRAND88 Programming System
26
practical (symbolic) parallel processing
a portable programmng system for parallel computers
The STRAND88 system is extended to permit multiple users
to share a running Strand system. The very fine granularity of a CLP
system; coupled with the stream based nature of user interactions through
an X window interface; makes practical very flexible information systems
which offer users considerable scope for sharing data. A demonstration of
concurrent user updates to a shared spreadsheet and a shared PERT chart
editor with inter-operability between the tools proves the point.
RGT Barnes MA Gittins WB Pickles et al
The STRAND Group
UK
STRAND88
interface to X-windows
10000
~800
networks of workstations
In-house
Prototype
September 1991
n/a
October 1991
Studygram
164
NL
Prolog for Natural Language Morphology
Submitted to PAC. Paper 208
Peter Greenfield et al
UK
31/10/91
SUMO_SAMA
477
Process Engineering for manufacture of circuit packs using
Surface Mount technology.
SUrface MOunt Slot And Machine Allocator.
For a family of circuit boards specified by the
user,
SUMO_SAMA allocates all board components to feeder slots
on either FUJI CP3 or FUJI IP2 SMT component placement
machines using either a time-balance heuristic or a 1st choice
component preference heuristic selected by the user
For components allocated to the FUJI IP2 machine,
SUMO_SAMA also attempts to allocate feeder slots based
on component quantities to efficiently use the 4 placement
nozzles available. Feeder slot dedications to components
can also be specified by the user to further constrain a solution.
Russell G. Bulsis.
AT&T - Denver Works, Denver, Colorado.
U.S.A.
Quintus Prolog Release 3.1.1
Quintus ProWindows 1.2 - SunView Version.
5000
500
Sun SPARCstation 1+ running SunOS 4.1.1
In-house
Released
9/91
6
11/25/92
SXL
165
Software Development
Modeling and Prototyping with Structured Logic
Submitted to PAC. Paper 138
Stanley Lee
USA
"C Prolog, Quintus Prolog and Arity Prolog."
SXL 2.0 + 3.0 Unix systems and IBM compatible personal
6/11/91
Syclops II
443
Software development.
Developer's workbench for database applications.
SyclopsII is a developer's workbench to build GUI
interface and DB access methods.
ISAC, Inc.
ISAC, Inc.
Japan.
K-Prolog.
C (90%).
4000 lines.
600 predicates.
Sparc,HP-9000,SONY NEWS.
Licensed
Released
June 1, 1991.
unknown persons (at 60 sites).
April 17, 1992
N/A
SYLAE
231
expert systems interface
natural language generation interface for expert systems etc.
IBM uses a standard semantic representation in its expert
systems interface. SYLAE translates this into a set of natural language
sentences, using pronouns, varied word order, etc. This considerably
increases the portability of other modules across language and domain
barriers and is considerably more flexible than the normal 'frozen
sentence' construction.
IBM Paris Scientific Center
France
IBM Prolog
SYLLOG
48
Deductive database; expert system; natural language query
Strongly declarative deductive database system; with end-user
level knowledge authoring and use. Direct execution of near-English
specifications.
Strongly declarative use of end-user specifications via
an inference method called backchain iteration. Includes automatic
generation of SQL database queries.
Adrian Walker; Daphne Tzoar; Peter Sheridan. Gustaf
Neumann. Andrew Taylor.
IBM Research Division
USA
IBM Prolog Program Product
SQL; REXX
10,000 lines of Prolog
4,000
VM; on an IBM 3090 computer
In-house
Evaluation
Jan 1987
20
March 1992
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long
***È
Theory basis is "Towards a Theory of Declarative
Knowledge" by Apt; Blair and Walker; in: Foundations of Deductive
Databases and Logic Programming; J. Minker (Ed.); Morgan Kaufman
1988.
A. Walker; M. McCord; J. Sowa and W. Wilson. "Knowledge Systems and
Prolog: Developing Expert; Database; and Natural Language Systems"; second
edition; Addison-Wesley; 1990. SYLLOG user notes; available from Adrian
Walker.
Symbolic Differentiatio and Integrator (DS)
499
Instruction and practical use of Calculus.
This program symbolically differentiates all common
mathematical functions and solves most simple integrals ( including
integration by parts, but not substitution ).
This program symbolically differentiates and
integrates
mathematical expressions. It is complete and comes with an easy-to-
use Borland-style user interface with pull-down menus and help
facility. Expressions are entered in normal mathematical notation
(e.g. 5x ^ 3 + tanh (x ^ 2)), are parsed and then the result is
displayedin normal notation. The program performs integration and
differentiation at first-year college level. It automatically uses
logarithimic differentiation
and integration by parts, but cannot do variable substitution. It
has a powerful algebraic simplifier and also numerically evaluates
expressions. User-defined functions and their derivatives and
integrals can be defined, loaded and saved. Program sessions can be
loaded and saved. The program
comes with an on-line user manual in English and Swedish. A 45-page thesis
describing the inner-workings and algorithms inside the program is
available only in Swedish.
Martin Szummer.
Hj. Lundbohmsskolan, Kiruna (school).
Sweden.
PDC Prolog v. 3.20
Turbo Prolog Toolbox v. 1
None.
3000
300
DOS v. 3.3
Free/Public Domain
Released
May 1990
January 1993
"Symbolisk derivering och integrering i Prolog -
ett specialarbete
" Martin Szummer.
(Unpublished thesis, in Swedish.)
System 9
166
Hospital information
System 9: An Application Environment for Hospital Information
Systems
Submitted to PAC. Paper 119
Dr. Bart Van den Bosch
Belgium
Prolog by BIM.
"Macworkstation, Apple terminal Services"
6/11/91
SysView
427
System Administration.
Distributed System Administration.
- SysView is a set of applications which allows
centralized
administration of a cluster of UNIX machines on a local
network. The architecture of Sysview is based on the ISO model for
distributed systems management: An Agent runs on each machine, and
implements the low level system dependent functionnalities,
applications implements the user interface (using OSF/Motif) and the
high level functionnalities. These applications allows the management
of system resources like printers, devices, file systems,
users and so on.
- SysView works with a Router (OEX) which manage the
information flow between applications and several agents
(commands, responses, events). Applications and Agents
communicate with CMIP protocol. OEX is an SP-Prolog application
- Managed resources are seen like objects, each object is
an instance of a class. Classes are described by ASN.1
templates. Templates are compiled in a schema. Applications
can access template information via OEX. The schema compiler is also a SP-
Prolog application.
Ph. Donz's team.
Bull S.A.
France.
SP-Prolog Compiler (Bull S.A)
(SP-Prolog Compiler has been extended to incorporate
smalltalk-like object oriented mechanisms)
C
30000 lines
3000
DPX/2, AIX RS/6000
In-house
Prototype
01/92
03/92
Tangram
176
Teaching programming
Teaching system for programming
in PrologIA Applications notes (French)
A. Lucci
France
Prolog II, v.2.2 to 2.4
Macintosh Plus, SE or II
A. Lucci. Le systéme Tangram; un environment de
production de logiciels d'enseignement de l'algorithmique et de la
programmation. Conference dans le cadre des options E.A.O. des D.E.S.S.,
Grenoble, 7 Juin 1988.
TAPPS
442
Production management system.
Parts selection for another type of modular house.
For each customer's housing plan,
1) enter the plan using GUI operation,
2) solve the constraints between the parts,
3) select the adequate parts to satisfy the plan.
ISAC, Inc.
Sekisui Chemical Corporation.
Japan.
K-Prolog
As of HAPPS.
50,000 lines (including parts database).
1,500 methods.
SONY NEWS; 4.2/4.3BSD (development / delivery).
Licensed
Released
February 21,1992.
6 persons (at 2 sites, including 1 plants).
April 15, 1992.
N/A.
TARIFICA DATABASE
56
Telecommunications Research
An Intelligent Costing system for International Leased-line
circuits
An Intelligent Costing system for International Leased-
line circuits running under Microsoft windows on an IBM PC-compatible.
David Whitgift (of Logica plc) and David Wightman
Intelidata Ltd
UK
Prolog-2 for Windows 3
NONE
80386 IBM-PC Compatible with 4Mb of RAM. Also Windows 3.0 and
3.1
Licensed
Released
2/91
15
30/1/92
TEMA
357
Installation program.
Installation of auxilaries to an existing program package.
Utility to install some modules I sell to an already
installed program on the customers machine. It checks to see if it can
find the new modules, and the old program, and asks the customer where they
are if it can't. It transfers the modules, and shows the README files.
Sigve B_
SigveSaker
Norway.
PDC Prolog 3.21
None.
220
8
MS-DOS
Sold Product
Released
03/91
12/08/92
Term Refiner/Browser
13
Relational Databases
Generic Relational Database Frontend
The Term Refiner and Term Browser provide a high-level
interface to theORACLE relational database system. Built as part of the
ESPRIT TranslatorsWorkbench (TWB) project; they are fully customisable to
other databaseapplications. Both hypertext-like navigation and intelligent
datamodification are provided in a window and dialog based environment.
Paul Holmes-Higgin
University of Surrey
England
Quintus Prolog
Quintus ProWindows; Quintus ProDB
4000
550
Sun 4 / SunOS4
Licensed
Released
1991
n/a
Oct 1991
Ahmad; Fulford; Griffin & Holmes-Higgin; 1990; "The
Translator's Workbench";In (Ed.) C.Picken; 'Translating and the Computer
II'; pp. 394-403. ASLIB; London.
Termbase.
400
Natural Language Processing, Computer Aided Translation.
To provide a multilingual terminology management system for
translators.
Termbase/DOS (and Termbase/Windows) is a
networkable
multilingual terminology management system for translators. It is intended
to be used in conjunction with any word processor. Currently supporting
German, English, French, Italian and Spanish, it incorporates morpho-
syntactic featuers of all these languages to provide a terminology database
that is ideally suited for translators' needs. Used by itself, it is
dictionary making tool.
Mr. V. Srinivasan.
None.
Germany.
Initially Turbo Prolog then PDC Prolog 2...finally PDC
Prolog 3.3
A little LISP (approx. 3%)
Approx. 2000
312 (DOS) add a percentage for Windows.
IBM PC/AT or compatibles, DOS 2.11 or greater, Windows 3.0 &
3.1
Licensed
Released
1.7.87
28.9.92
ASLIB Proceedings London 1989, Univ of Saabr_cken Report
on CAT systems 1990 (?), Forthcoming PH.D. dissertation, Univ. of Mainz,
Faculty of Applied Linguistics in 6728 Germersheim.
TES (TErm rewriting System)
368
Term rewriting, completion.
Programming environment for term rewriting systems (term
rewriting laboratory).
TES is an experimental environment for computing
with
term rewriting systems. It offers
- term reduction
- critical pair computation
- checking of local confluence
- proving termination of term rewriting systems
- checking of sort decreasingness of term rewriting systems (order-
sorted version)
- completion of term rewriting systems.
Roland Dietrich (original version),
Wolfgang Wagner (KA-Prolog version), Christoph Brzoska
(reduction ordering extensions) and Andreas Werner (order-sorted version).
University of Karlsruhe, partly supported by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 314, project S2).
Germany.
C-Prolog (original version of the program), KA-
Prolog,
LOPSTER (LOgic Programming with SubTypes and Extended
Resolution, order-sorted version of the program).
KA-Prolog version: circa 5500
LOPSTER version: circa 6500
KA-Prolog version: circa 360
LOPSTER version: circa 440
UNIX, SUN workstations.
Licensed
Evaluation
1985 (original version),
1989
(KA-Prolog version),
1991
(order-sorted version).
3
August 12th, 1992.
R. Dietrich: Eine Programmierumgebung fuer
Termersetzungssysteme, Arbeitspapiere der GMD, Nr. 130,
1985.
Test and modelling of self reproducing biochemical processes
283
Biochemistry
To test and model self reproducing biochemical processes
The system permits the analysis and modelling of any
biochemical self-reproducing cycle. With the replacement of the build-in
database any cycle can be examined. The input of the system are the formal
reaction equations; in the course of processing the nutriments, end
products and attractors are selected.
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
Test Tool
422
Natural language processing.
A tool for testing Prolog programs.
This test tool allows execution of a module, a
combination of modules, or an entire program using predefined test
batches. It is used to test and verify the (intermediate)
results of a natural language processing program. The test tool also
stores intermediate and final results/structures and produces reports
comparing test results with old results/structures, indicating where they
differ.
NLP Department, IBM Nordic Laboratories.
IBM.
Sweden.
IBM Prolog
None.
Around 2000 (comments not counted).
Not counted.
VM/XA for IBM Mainframe.
In-house
February 1992
10
March 1992
TESTING COMPUTER ARCHITECTURES
292
Computer architecture design
To generate programs for testing computer architectures
The system is an experimental tool for the purpose
of generating programs. In designing and evaluating a computer
architecture supporting high level programming, good use can be made
of small-sized runnable programs written in the language, that
exhibit certain statistical features absorbed from the analysis of
users' programming style. Example of such statistical features are
the rate of occurrence of instruction data types. The system's
input consists of the syntax rules of the high-level language and the
statistical features that we want the generated program to have.
V. Kiss, G. Simor
SzKI
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
V. Kiss, G. Simor(1978).
A preliminary specification of an architecture design environment and
the analysis of the programming tools applicable in the environment.
SzKI report, 1978.
TEX4
348
CASE/Document Research.
Specification Research Tool.
Tex4 is a Cross-reference/search engine that
provides its user with a selected topical document search. Results
may be stored and reviewed as a hypertext chain. Searches return a
high semantic correlation without direct lexical (keyword) linkage.
Searches focused to return >90% of desired references in a document
set will contain under 60% undesireable references. Recursive
application of proximity/weighting waveform analysis provides
algorythm and focus/zoom is the interface paradym.
Used primarily in house for specification analysis, this tool is
equally applicable to symbolic languages other than english.
Technology tracking and historical analysis are seen as areas of high
potential applicability.
M Cavanagh, D. Campbell.
NeoText SophtWear.
Canada.
PDC Prolog.
C
2500
750
UNIX, MSDOS.
In-house
Released
04/91
08/92
The Configurer Graphics Service, CGS
415
Automatic Diagram Generation.
To produce professional quality diagrams of ICL hardware
configurations for use by salesforce in proposals.
The Configurer Graphics service is a value added
service provided to the users of the ICL Configurer service -
effectively the entire ICL international sales
force and a number of third party traders. Configurer allows users
to create complete and technically correct configurations of the
entire range of ICL hardware. CGS uses the output from Configurer to
produce a diagram of this
configuration which can then be printed at source and sent through
the post to the requesting user, or sent as a POSTSCRIPT file to be
printed locally.
The application is written in PROLOG (and a shell built on top) with
calls being made to UNIX scripts. The diagram is built up using a
declarative language called Maker Interchange Format, which is
processed through Frame
Technology's FrameMaker package to produce POSTSCRIPT.
Steve Sharman, Dick Higgs.
ICL Computers Limited.
United Kingdom.
DECISIONPOWER PROLOG
awk, C shell, Maker Interchange Format (Framemaker)
unknown, but not much below 8000.
unknown, in the hundreds.
Sun 4, running SunOS 4.1.1
In-house
Released
11/90
14,000 !!
25/03/92
none.
THE INSPECTION NETWORK
339
Remote access expert system, pay-per-use network.
Inspection Analysis.
General purpose inspection analysis/processing
system. User selects modules (summary reports, inspection
categories) to create inspection format, system produces tailored
checklist, user enters results, system links over phone with expert
system, user prints finished report or sends over electronic delivery
system to distant customer.
User charged for each access to expert system (except for resends).
System manages access accounts - warns when balance getting low,
denies access when balance
<=0. Host expert system is distributed
parallel processing system with loosly linked multiple line
processors and supervisor. Each line processor supports multiple
closely linked parallel processors for concurrent or sequential
processing. Each processor is a separate computer linked by serial
or modem. System can act as pay/per/use gateway to 3rd party
software executed on demand on parallel processors with results
passed through or merged with output of expert system. Est. over
90,000 inspections processed since 1987.
Kort E. Patterson.
Overall Technology.
USA.
PDC Prolog 3.30
C/10%, ASM/10%, Turbo Pascal/10% (aux programs).
unknown
System composed of several programs with 1000+ preds
each.
MS-DOS/DR-DOS
Licensed
Released
11/87
08/03/92
The Interpreter and Explainer, (TIE), version 3.5
514
Language transliteration. Education. Bulletin Board
communication.
TIE is both a transliterator and instantdictionary tool.
It can be used to convert words from one language into another or used as a
transcriber of terms, especially for research work.
The Interpreter and Explainer enables users to use
specialized dictionaries of languages or subject matter ot obtain
explanations of terms. This can be either single terms or two term
combinations. Textual information can be read
into TIE or actually typed on the spot.
By placing the cursor at the beginning of a term then pressing the
return button, a term match will be bought from the appropriate
dictionary. Successive tapping of the return key or holding it down
will result in a quick scan of each word or term in a sentence or
phrase.
Information that is found will be displayed in one of two windows,
depending upon the length of the explanation. Users can quickly
define their own terms if they so wish. This enables existing
dictionaries to be appened to or
entirely now ones to be created. Language based dictionaries are
being made that compise some 10,000 common words each, e.g. Italian,
Spanish and German.
Although the languae conversions are quasi-literal, the context and
format of conversions makes "reinterpretation" suprisingly good. All
conversions can be recorded to a log file name.
The program has application for specialized fields of knowledge where
new terms are constantly being created or is very useful for
concentrating on (say) biology, medical, law terminology etc. Even
school children would find it useful in reading sessions.
An advanced version of the program is being planned.
There are many good dictionary programs around but virtually no
transliteratios of practical worth.
Mr. Craig Walter
.
Software Writers Independent Marketing or SWIMware.
Australia.
PDC Prolog (formerly Turbo Prolog version 2.0)
No other languages for this version.
Including the "include" files, approximately 1,500.
55 in main module, plus 40 or so in "include"
files.
Over 20 database declarations.
IBM and MSDOS compatibles, CGA
< EGA, VGA. Hercules displays
suitable. Not mouse dependt for this version.
Licensed
22/5/92
Australian PC World magazine, September issue n the
shareware section.
The Logic Programming Tutor.
407
Prolog Teaching.
Front-end for teaching Prolog to novices.
Provides a simple front-end for introducing Prolog to
novices, allowing it to be entered in an English-like infix notation called
"Logic". System includes a Basic-like clause editor, switches for
translating clauses and queries between Logic and Prolog, and commands for
showing how variables are quantified and for tracing and explaining answers
to queries. The Tutor comes with a set of scripts divided into screen-sized
sections: these set exercises and suggest experiments, and are displayed as
the student proceeds.
Jocelyn Paine.
Oxford University.
England.
Poplog.
Pop-11.
10000.
1000.
VAX/VMS.
Free/Public Domain
Released
2/1985 - to date.
1 (organisation).
3/1992.
"The Logic Programming Tutor", Jocelyn Paine, Intellect
Books, 1992.
THE MANAGER'S EDGE
341
Leadership; Participatory Management; Group Dynamics.
Portrays trade-off between efficiency and participation for
autocratic and group leadership styles known to be effective in a
situation.
Does your organization have difficulty making
decisions? This expert system will help. The explanation portion of
the expert system displays a decision tree to asist the user in
determining why a question is being asked or a solution has been
identified. It is based on over 35 years worth of literature and
investigation regarding the situational approach to decision making
and participatory management. The knowledge acquisition portion
allows answers with a degree of certainty. The report portion
includes the ability to manage filed reports. One result of a dialog
with the expert system is a bar chart displaying effective leadership
styles for the situation.
Hypertext database and context sensitive help convey the theory behind the
system and detailed explanations regarding the dialog and menus. The
software is useful in determining when meetings are inefficient or
ineffective. It is also useful in determining when autocratic leadership
is risky and conversely when group decision making is inappropriate.
Mighetto and Associates.
Tribase.
USA.
PDC Prolog 3.20
None.
5000 not including standard modules.
1622 total; 222 local;43 global;1347 public.
IBM PC, DOS 3.0 and above, 512K, CGA, VGA, EGA, Hercules Mono.
Sold Product
Released
04/91 as prototype.
07/92
National Science Foundation Proposed Project June 17
1992, Title "Individual/Group Decision Analysis Software Acceptance".
THE MAX AUDIOMETRIC TESTING SYSTEM
307
Medical diagnosis.
Expert System for Audiometric screening testing for industrial,
medical and school markets.
LOGIC PROGRAMMING, SQL and machine learning (via
Abductive Polynomical nets) have been combined to produce an expert system
for automatic hearing testing and classification. The system is in daily
use by major corporations such as GM, FORD, GULFOIL. Distribution to
medical clinics is through STARKEY HEARING AIDS. The program is fully
compiled and requires the MAX AUDIOMETRIC hardware connected to the serial
port. There is a charge test of $5.00.
David Lypka, Errol Davis.
Sound Linked Data Inc. and Future Logic Inc.
Canada
95% ARITY PROLOG (DOS)
1% Assembler (8086), ARITY SQL
1% MSC 5.1
1% GSS Graphics Library
1% AIM Machine Learning (by ABTECH)
100,000+
1000+
MS DOS, 286/386, companion Audiometer
4 megs RAM, 30 meg disk, VGA
Licensed
Released
07/89
100
13/08/92
Intelligent Systems Review (I think), 1991 (Don't
remember exact name or date).
The T-Prolog Interpreter
276
Programming languages
An interpreter for the language T-Prolog
T-Prolog is a Prolog based simulation language with a
capability for explicit and implicit time handling. The interpreter of the
language is capable of running an arbitrary number of PROLOG goals in
parallel. The process executing the goals can communicate through logical
variables, through the database and by means of "demon mechanism". In the
case of deadlock further paths are explored through backtracking.
I. Futo, J.Szeredi, K. Szenes
Hungary
MPROLOG
1984
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long
***È
I. Futo, J.Szeredi, K. Szenes (1980)
A modelling tool based on mathematical logic - T-Prolog.
Acta Cybernetica, Tom. 5., Fasc. 3., 1981. pp. 68-74.
I. Futo, J. Szeredi (1982)
A discrete simulation system based on artificial intelligence
methods.
In Discrete Simulation and Related Fields
A. Javor (Ed)
North Holland, Amsterdam, 1982. pp. 135-150.
I. Futo, J. Szeredi (1982)
T-Prolog: a very high level simulation system.
User's manual, SzKI Report, 1982.
Theorist-S
251
Theory
a theory formation system
definite clauses are augmented with the power to express
potentially inconsistent scientific theories, by partitioning them into two
categories: ordinary assertions and integrity constraints. This provides an
interesting reformulation of rule-based diagnosis systems such as MYCIN.
Randy Goebel, David Poole, Koichu Furukawa
University of Waterloo, ICOT
Canada, Japan
Waterloo ?
IBM VM/CMS ?
In-house
Prototype
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long
***È
Randy Goebel, David Poole, Koichu Furukawa: Using
definite clauses and integrity constraints as the basis for a stheory
formation approach to diagnostic reasoning. ICLP3, 1986. pp211-222.
D.L.Poole, R.G. Goebel, R. Aleliunas: Theorist: a logical reasoning system
for defaults and diagnosis. in N.J.Cercone, G. McCalla (eds) Knowledge
Representation. Springer-Verlag, 1986.
THREAD
495
Any large project where there is a lot of documentation (such as letters,
safety reports etc.) where there are many common issues traversing the
documents.
Intelligent document tracking database.
The program was written specifically for Safety
Case
documentation, where authorities need to track live issues and problems via
letters. Sometimes a letter may contain references to several issues, and
several parties may have responses to one issue. THREAD allows the section
of the letters and documents pertaining to an issue to be isolated, and the
user may go forwards or backwards along the thread to check the history of
that issue. The user may also jump from one issue "thread" to another
within the currently open document, and also to search the whole database
for keywords.
Steve Lympany.
Electrowatt Engineering.
England.
PDC Prolog.
None.
1000
100
MS-DOS on IBM PC.
Personal
Prototype
Not released.
Timetable Scheduler.
493
Planning, Scheduling.
Producing timetables for a Polytechnic.
A Prolog-based assignment algorithm was written to
plan for the teaching timetables of the Electronic & Computer
Engineering Department in Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore. The
timetables were for 1744 students in the first two years of study,
taught by 137 lecturers in 63 teaching
locations. The students were separated into 15 classes which are sub-
divided into 94 groups, each of about 20 or less persons. Each of the
94 groups of students will have a timetable with about 30 hours of
lessons per week. Each lecturer has about 20 hours of teaching
assignments besides
certain other administrative duties.
The program has to satisfy numerous constraints and the most
difficult is due to the heavy utilizations of all the physical facilities.
The large number of students' curriculum hours per week also complicates
the task especially towards the end of the scheduling process.
Ngee Ann Polytechnic.
Ngee Ann Polytechnic.
Singapore.
Poplog Prolog.
Nil.
1500
88
Sun SPARCStation.
In-house
Evaluation
May 1992.
1
Dec 1992
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long
***È
Integrating Genetic Algorithms with a Prolog
Assignment Program as a Hybrid Solution for a Polytechnic Timetable
Problem - Ling Si Eng 1991.
Logic Programming for solving the timetable problem, Journal of
Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Ling Si Eng, Oct. 1992.
TMDS Comm (Tandem Maintenance and Diagnostic System,
Communications).
358
Computers System Maintenance and Diagnostics for communications
controllers.
Diagnosis of communications-related equipment problems.
The TMDS software product is designed to help Customer
Engineers service hardware problems both at the customer site and remotely
from a National Service Centre. TMDS Comm. is the communications-related
portion of this system. For support of a new communcations controller a
new architecture was developed in which an embedded prolog system is the
heart of the diagnostic. The prolog portion of the product stores
information about devices and their characteristics. Upon a command from
the user, the prolog program generates a sequence of low-level commands to
hardware-specific servers and other software components which have the
intended effect. Any number of devices may be the target of a command.
Use of prolog is transparent to the user.
Prolog: Rahdall McRee/Heather McKelvey
TAL (Tandem Application Language): Ian Earnest/ Paul Komosinski.
Tandem Computers Inc.
U.S.A.
TL, Test Language interpreter, by Randall McRee.
TAL (60%) (TAL is comparable to "C").
7250 (including comments), ~2000 just prolog.
568 (including builtins).
Tandem Computers Guardian 90 systems.
Sold Product
Released
10/91
50
03/92
TMDS Reference Manual, Tandem part number 061249.
TML Genealogy System
374
Genealogy.
A genealogy expert system.
Data format conversion in and out of GEDCOM format,
context sensitive date conversions, and projections of "educated
guesses" for missing information in genealogical research. Also does
some text and graphical report
generation for formats not presently support by COTS products.
T. Michael Louden.
U.S.A.
3.3 PDC Prolog WINDOWS.
Borland C++
3,935 lines prolog source and 1.084 lines of C++ source
409 (12 linked to C++)
In-house
Evaluation
First version 1978, First prolog based version = June
1988.
5
17 Aug 1992.
none.
TOERNOOI ASSISTENT
349
Sports (tennis). Administration, ranking. planning and
scheduling. Tournament optimalisation.
To automate everything around tennis tournaments. Optimal
planning and scheduling of matches. Easy and fast replanning in case of
rain (!).
Stand-alone menu- and table-driven program to handle
tennis tournaments. Administering the players. Seeding and drawing of
lots for the arrangement of the players. Fast planning and scheduling of
the matches according to proprietary optimalisation algorithms. Easy
replanning in case of rain. Processing of the match results, generation of
press-releases. Financial support. Lots more.
J.G. de Lint, private.
RAET automatisering as the distribuution and support
channel.
Netherlands.
PDC Prolog 3.3.
Some Turbo C (
<5%). Use of PDC Prolog Toolbox.
15000
730
PC with 640k and hard disk, PCDOS-MSDOS-0S/2. Developed under
OS/2 and ported (cross-compiled) to DOS.
Sold Product
Released
03/91
09/07/91
Some press releases. Program has 'official' status with
Royal Dutch Tennis Union (KNLTB).
TopNet
223
Network design
an environment to support network design tasks
Network design can be seen as the definition of
topologies with particular link capacities and the assignment of
flows on the basis of information about node locations, traffic
generated and received, and the cost of data communications (leased
line, modems, X.25 PSDN tariffs, etc.) The design matches reliability
and delay/throughput constraints with the aim of minimizing the
global cost.
The product provides a user-friendly environment (windowing, graphics,
mouse interaction etc.) which integrates the various tools needed for
hierarchical network design.
BIM
Belgium
Prolog by BIM
In-house
Released
Total Network Management - Event Correlation Package.
472
Telecommunications - network monitoring and
troubleshooting.
User defined correlation of anomolous events in
telecommunication networks.
Large telecommunication networks require constant
monitoring of their switches and facilites to detect and correct any
problems due to hardware and software failures.
Often a small number of contemporaneous events result in a
larger problem which consequently generate an additonal number of
alarms messages. The user has to sort through this dynamically
changing log to separate the consequences (to try and reduce their
impact on the customers) and the causes (which need to be fixed).
TNM (Total Network Management), and it's international version -
MFOS, are an AT&T developed product sold throughout the U.S and the
world to track and resolve these problems.
Our feature package is a user defined module with a "natural
language" interface that allows the correlation of multiple events into
logical groups reflecting a particular problem.
Yossi Nygate, Warren Britt.
AT&T.
U.S.A
American Interface Computer Inc.
C++ and C.
2500 of Prolog code.
300.
Tandem (an FT platform running UNIX V.3).
Sold Product
1/18/93.
Initially deployed at 5 sites in NYNEX and New
England
Telephone Regional Bell Operating Companies. It will then be
included in all future releases of TNM - at least an additional 20
sites -
in the U.S. and Europe.
Current.
Towa Mold Press Diagnostic & Maintenance Expert System (TMES)
466
electronic, mechanical, pneumatic & hydraulic diagnostics.
To diagnose failures and prescribe repairs for a 60-ton mold
press used in molding plastic semiconductor packages.
A diagnostic and maintenance expert system for an
automated semiconductor mold press which provides consistent
diagnostic expertise, auditability and maintenance of the
domain expertese by the experts, and significant cost reductions throughout
the diagnostic and maintenance process. The system receives 90% of its
input directly from the mold press interface (10% from the operator) and
reduces mean time of diagnosis from over 90 minutes to under 2 minutes.
M. Alan Newman (Lester Ticey & Jim Hodges, domain
experts)
Motorola.
U.S.A.
Arity V.5 compiler.
Interfaced to existing network interface in C.
2800 (plus about 400 domain rules).
350.
Desqview 2.0/DOS 3.1, developed on a 386, delivered on a
286.
In-house
No longer supported
March, 1990.
60
November 3, 1992.
"Custom Shells and Automated Factories", M. Alan
Newman, AI Expert, Sept. 1990.
TransLexis dictionary conversion programs
36
Natural Language Processing
Conversion of dictionary entries from and into the
TransLexis lexical
database
TransLexis conversion programs translate from LMT and
Collins dictionaries into DB format and from DB format to LMT format
R. Wirth
IKBS
Germany
VM/Prolog
REXX
6000
1000
VM
In-house
No longer supported
12/84
1/92
TSM - Twin Structure Model of controlled objects .
486
Analysis and Synthesis of Controlled Objects.
Dynamic simulation of controlled process units or technological
systems by the optionally in parallel executable coupled structural
models of conservation and information processes.
The Twin Structure Model (TSM) is a coupled pair of
structural models representing the conservation and information
processes, respectively. In the conservational structure the active
elements correspond to the elementary physical and chemical changes,
while the state of the system is modeled by the extensive
quantities stored in the passive elements. In the information
structure the active elements describe the various information
processing rules, whilst the passive elements are places for the
signs. The
connection between the conservation and information structures can
be interpreted as transformations determining the information sources
and the intervention of the control.
The Twin Structure Models can adequately be described as
communicating sequential processes. In the PROLOG implementation, the
structural elements are described by dynamic facts or clauses,
while the various tasks can be executed by the
generalmetainterpreting clauses of the kernel. The communication
between the conservation and information models can be organized
via special messages.
From the analysis of the Twin Structure Models the so-called
cybernetic characteristics of the semiring-like structure can be
studied. The design of the control algorithms can be interpreted as
synthesizing feedforward routes and feedback loops for the achievement
of the prescribed, stable functioning of the conservation system in
question.
Bela Csukas, Karoly Varga, Laszlo Jambor .
University of Veszprem, supported by the Hungarian
Basic Research Grant N OTKA-2550.
Hungary.
TURBOPROLOG 2.0, PDC PROLOG 3.31, CSPROLOG 3.25; (ALL-
MULTILOGIC Ltd., Budapest).
Can also be implemented in object oriented languages.
3500
400
PC/AT 386; transputer and work station versions in preparation
.
In-house
Prototype
1/1992
5
12/1993
In preparation.
TWAICE
4
knowledgebased system
Open development environment for knowledge based applications.
TWAICE is an open expert system shell for the
development and integration of knowledge based applications. As a
shell; TWAICE allows the application the comfortable use of
predefined and broadly applicable standard forms for the inference
process; exlanation; user interface and integration into the DP
environment. Further TWAICE is OPEN: through defined interfaces
TWAICE may be adapted to special needs. E.g. one can implement
special problem solution strategies.
TWAICE is a hybrid tool because it integrates different forms of
knowledge representation: rules; objects; frames and logic (Prolog).
TWAICE has an expandable user interface; efficient knowledge engineering
tools and a high degree of connectivity to other software systems.
AI Centre; AP333
Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG
Germany
Prolog from Siemens Nixdorf and
IF/Prolog from InterFace Computer GmbH
C; 15 %
70000 (without comments); 93000 (with comments)
(Prolog)
4.750 (14000 clauses)
SINIX Systems; UNIX Systems;
MS/DOS System (with DOS extender)
Sold Product
Released
1985
200
October 1991
UBL
260
A problem solver with learning capabilities
UBL learns solving methods by analyzing solutions.
Trying to understand these solutions then allows generalizations to
be drawn. A problem is presented as a set of n-ary relations between
objects, consdered as hypotheses, and by a specific relation
representing the goal to prove. UBL uses knowledge given by the user
or learned previously expressed in the form if "conjunction of
relations" then "conjunction of relations".
It uses sophisticated unification using an equational theory, a
compromise between forward checking and backward chaining, an
analysis of rules and a learning method.
Its main testing area has been in Euclidean geometry.
IBM France?
IBM Prolog
UNZ & Co. Export Software
399
Process the required documents for completing U.S. and Canada
export forms.
Unz & Co Export Software allows you to automate
preparation of export documents - a process that is usually
repetitive and time consuming. It is a friendly, easy way to fill in
and process export forms using your micro computer. Information is
typed into an electronic image of any of the eight export forms. Its
ability to remember information you enter and to automatically enter
the information as appropriate in each other form in the
series is its major advantage. Features include, context sensitive, Help,
data-base management, journal reports, math and conversation calculation,
macros, ASCII conversion, batch printing and much more.
North Winds and UNZ & Co.
North Winds.
USA.
PDC Prolog.
None.
10000
400
MSDOS 2.0 512K memory, most dot matrix, daisywheel & laser
printers, hard or floppy drive systems.
Sold Product
Released
Summer 1989.
September 14, 1992.
Product Literature.
US Export Control Expert System
180
Shipping regulations
To determine US license requirements for shipments
This system was developed for Reuters to handle the
increasingly onerous controls on the export and re-export of US
technical items. It interfaces with two databases previously
developed by the Corporate Export Control department containing lists
of more than 10,000 items commonly used by Reuters and information
about the export control status of countries in which Reuters
operates.
The system requests information about proposed shipments and recommends the
appropriate licensing, keeping a log of decisions for auditing purposes.
Quintec Systems
UK
Dbase III+
In-house
Released
Ushell
46
Programming environments
To provide an environment for an introductory logic programming
course for developing simple logic programs
Ushell is a simple environment for developing and testing
simple logic programs. The application is based on a Prolog meta-level
interpreter with iterative deepening. This method overcomes some of the
completeness problems of the Prolog interpreter by displaying solutions up
to a preset limit in the search tree. The shell also provides user
explanation of the deductions.
L. Umit Yalcinalp
Case Western Reserve University
USA
XPRO; Sicstus Prolog; Quintus Prolog
550
60
Atari; Sun/Unix
Prototype
1988
130
1992
L. Umit Yalcinalp; Ushell: An Environment for
Introduction to Logic Programming Technical Report; Center of Automation
and Intelligent Systems Research; Case Western Reserve University; 1992.
UTI
238
medical treatment
expert system for treatment of Urinary Tract Infections
UTI advises on antibiotic treatments of urinary
tract infections. The advice is based on the evaluation of the
patient's characeristics and microbiological data. The system suggest
the most effective antibiotics with the minimal risk of toxicity and
a relatively low price, according to bacteriological considerations
and the patient's clinical status.
The system covers 21 pathogens, 43 antibiotics, 11 drugs and 13
concomitant illnesses.
Clinical validation has been performed in in Péterfy S‡ndor Hospital and
beta testing in Korvin Ott— Hospital and Szent-Gyšrgyi Albert Medical
University .
IQSOFT and Medical division of Pétefy S‡ndor Hospital,
Semmelweis Medical University
Hungary
MProlog 2.3 and MProlog Dialog
1250 clauses in 25 modules
450
PC 286 and 386 with MS-DOS
In-house
Evaluation
Ch.13 Planning of antibiotic therapy. in T. Deutsh, E.R.
Carlson, E. Ludwig: Computer assisted Clinical decision making (A control
systems perspective), Plenum Press 1991 (2?)
VALERE
350
Environment, Chemical analysis.
Quality Assurance in an Environment Laboratory: Water Quality.
Implementation of the procedures described in
ISO/DP 8466 including extensions towards non-linear calibration
functions. The kernel of the Draft International Standard ISO/DIS
8466-1 (1988-05-5) and Draft Proposal ISO/DP 8466-4 (1989-04-01) are
statistical techniques to be used for: Calibration, Evaluation of
Analytical Procedures, Estimation of Performance Characteristics, The
Limit of Detection and the Limit of Determination of an Analytical
Basis Method.
The program supports the daily work in the laboratory.
Guideo Cosemans.
V.I.T.O. (The Flemish Insitute for Technology and
Research)
Belgium.
PDC Prolog version 2.
Assembler (100 lines).
5000
370
Development: 386-PC + co-processor, MS-DOS 5, PDC Prolog
delivery: PC-XT with co-processor, 640 KB RAM and hard disk.
In-house
04/90
09/07/92
Vascular Surgery decision support
259
Medical decision support
providing advice for clinical management decisions
The system provides a simple and flexible way of
reasoning about time in the context of illnesses. A detailed domain model
for arterial disease is provided. This provides not only access to
historical patient information but recommendations as to what actions
should be carried out next at any time.
Paul Soper, Geetha Abeysinghe, Charles Ranaboldo
University of Southampton, Royal South Hampshire Hospital
In-house
Prototype
Paul Soper, Geetha Abeysinghe, Charles Ranaboldo:
Knowledge based decision support for Vascular Surgery. Abstracts of poster
sessions, Int. Conference on Practical Application of Prolog, London 1992.
Vegetation Management Tools
5
Forest management
To provide a framework within which forest managers can
select
the best herbicide treatment for a particular set of weeds and crop
situation.
The system is configured as a domain-specific shell and
consists of two programs; one for information input; and one for use of
information. The input program allows experts to enter relevant
information about weeds; herbicides; surfactants; application methods; and
their interactions. Input is both in structured form (stored in frames);
and unstructured (stored as text in a database). The other program asks
managers to define their sites; and then allows them to explore options for
management. The program selects the most cost- effective treatments (given
criteria nominated by the user); and provides warnings of environmental
hazards. Unstructured information can be accessed when relevant.
Euan Mason; Don Geddes; Brian Richardson; Noel Davenhill
Forest plantation establishment
New Zealand
PDC Prolog 3.2
None
7000 approx
300 approx
MS-DOS
In-house
Released
10/90
20
24 October 1991
Mason; E.G.; D.J. Geddes; B. Richardson; & N.A.
Davenhill;
1991; Application of Knowledge-based programming techniques to
cost-effective selection of herbicides in forestry
VEX/ATL
67
Planning in distributed networks
Production of routing tables for a distributed telecom network
The task performed by VEX/ATL is to produce control
data for the switches in a distributed telecom net. The control data
produced is in the form of tables. The data tables control the
priority path for routing a call through the network. The information
used for constructing the tables is the network's topology and the
selection algorithm used by the switches to chose an outgoing line
from its table. Complexity arises due to the use of different switch
types in the network which use different algorithms. Heuristics have
been built up by a small group of experts working over many years.
VEX/ATL has incorporated these heuristics into a system and has
automated this previously manual task. A significant amount of code
is used in implimenting a user-friendly interface for entering
network information and presentation of produced data.
Mark Plotnick, Infologics AB
FMV Sweden, (Swedish Defense Materials Authority)
Sweden
Prolog-2 (8086 version) from Expert Systems Int'l
C used minimally for external device access (plotter) &
access to Operating System functions ( 200 lines)
9000
1483
MS-DOS (Both development and delivery)
Sold Product
Released
January 1991
3
November 1991
Expert Systems Support in Telecommunication, Proceedings
of the IFIP TC 6 International Conference on Information Network and Data
Dommunication, ed. D.Khahkar V. Iversen, Elseveir science publishers, 1988
ISBN: 0 444 70503 1
View Creation System
209
Database design
Design of datbases used by large complex organizations
The user interacts with the expert system by entering
into a question answer dialog. Generally more than one user will be using
the database and will enter their parameters. Once all needs are entered,
the system sorts overlapping requirements and designs the database covering
every requirement. Once completed the design is ready for individual
assembly and use.
Dr. Glen Cooper, Dr. Goldstein
Canada
Arity Prolog
IBM PC
VLSI Test pattern generator
247
Electronic design
A hierarchical approach to fault injection as a means of
diagnosing VLSI circuits
The program allows the designer to specify, simulate and
test circuits in a uniform manner without resorting to a different tool for
each activity.
Rajiv Gupta
SUNY at Stony Brook, Dept of Computer Science
USA
Rajiv Gupta: Test-pattern generation for VLSI circuits in
a Prolog environment. ICLP3, 1986. pp528-535.
VOR (VHF omniderectional Range) Simulator
351
Real Time simulation.
Simulation of multi-channel air navigation aid (ATC beacon).
Program(s) provide four-channel simulation of VOR
equipment interface to remote monitoring system. Interface behaviour
modeled and validated (formal closure shown). Facilities for logging and
analysis of all interface transactions provided. Interactive control
provided. Simultaneous windowed display provides visual feedback on any of
the simulated channels.
Jai Hakim, Duncan Campbell.
Canadian Marconi Corporation.
Canada.
PDC Prolog.
C, Assembler.
3000
700
DesqView 386
Released
04/90
08/92
VORAN/ABS
241
Banking advice
advisory system for small investors in bank
Zentralsparkasse und Kommerzialbank, IQSOFT
Hungary
MProlog
IBM MVS/TSo
Prototype
Imre Kili‡n: An approach to integrate the spreadsheet
paradigm and logic programming. Proc 2nd Conf. on AI, Budapest, Jan 1991.
VSTA
167
Digital design
Using Prolog as a Tool for Systolic Array Designs
Submitted to PAC. Paper 419
Fuyau Lin, Shih, Ling & Davis
USA
SICSTUS
Sun 4
6/11/91
WADNES
10
Water Distribution
Assist Engineers in Water Distribution Emergencies
WADNES provides support for a range of emergencies that
can occur in awater distribution system. It uses a model of the
distribution networkto suggest various methods of resupplying water;
informing appropriatebodies and managing remedial resources. WADNES creates
input datafilesfor a large commercial Fortran simulation program; WATNET;
runs it andinterprets its output files as part of its intelligent
processing. Developed using WIESSE.
Paul Holmes-Higgin; Andrew Langdon
University of Surrey
England
Quintus Prolog; Quintec Prolog
Quintus ProWindows; Fortran
30000
1200
Sun 4 / SunOS4
Licensed
Released
1987
n/a
Oct 1991
Ahmad; Holmes-Higgin; Hornsby & Langdon; 1988; "Expert
Systems for Planning andControlling Complex Physical Networks"; Knowledge
Based Systems Journal 1 (3)pp 153-165.
WALLS
168
Engineering design
A program to aid in the building of poured concrete structures
Submitted to PAC. Paper 196
Sharon Sickel Beach & Brian Beach
USA
Turbo
PC 286
17/10/91
Weeds In Sugar Cane
169
Agriculture
An Example of Maintainable Program Design in Prolog : Weeds In
Sugar Cane
Submitted to PAC. Paper 198
Coulston, Smith and Tilley
Australia
LPA Prolog.
Any IBM compatible computer with graphics card.
6/11/91
WFProlog (well-founded Prolog).
506
Default reasoning systems needing an underlying inference
system (Prolog style interpreter) based on well-founded semantics.
A Prolog meta-interpreter that computes well-founded semantics
for normal logic programs using negation as failure.
The interpreter is based upon a formal, top-down, tree
specification for well-founded semantics (see reference). The interpreter
is, in fact, an executable specification of the top-down tree semantics in
the form of a Prolog program (written in Quintus Prolog). The resulting
procedure -- which we call SLD3NF -- computes 3-valued well-founded answers
to queries. The interpreter is quite general, programs and goals can have
variables, any built-in goals can be called, and programs can be
conveniently loaded from source files in usual ways.
John R. Fisher.
California State Polytechnic University.
USA
Quintus Prolog.
None (at present).
75
14
Easily modifiable for any Prolog.
Free/Public Domain
Evaluation
February 1992.
6
9 February 1993.
Fisher, J.R., Tree semantics for logic programs
with
negation as failure, Proceedings of the Third California
State University A.I. Symposium, June, 1992, pp. 158-66,
Computer Science Department TR#1993-03.
WHALE
320
Logistic.
Analyse warehouse placement.
The Warehouse Assignment and Location Environment is a
tool for analysing warehouse placement according to a specified customer
base. The objective of the tool is to minimize the overall costs, taking
into accout the fixed and variable cost incurred in establishing and
maintaining the warehouses.
COSYTEC
CPL Software and Services.
France.
CHIP
C X11
1100
SUN/HP/IBM/DIGITAL workstations
PC 386/486 UNIX DOS
In-house
Evaluation
02/92
2
03/92
M. Dincbas, P. Van Hentenryck, H. Simonis, A.
Aggoun, T. Graf, F. Berthier, The Constraint Logic Programming
Language CHIP.
In Proc. of The Int. Conf. on Fifth Generation Computer Systems, p693-702.
Tokyo, Japan, November 1988.
WIESSE
9
Water Engineering Expert Systems
Development of Expert Systems for the Water Industry
WIESSE provides an expert systems development
environment customised to thespecial needs of the Water Industry.
Developed as part of the WIESC AlveyProject; it has been used to
develop two major expert systems: WADNES andSERPES. WIESSE compiles
its Knowledge Representation Language to Prolog.
Paul Holmes-Higgin; Charles Hornsby
University of Surrey
England
Quintus Prolog; Quintec Prolog
Quintus ProWindows
7542
1170
Sun 4 / SunOS4
Licensed
Released
1987
n/a
Oct 1991
Hornsby; Holmes-Higgin & Ahmad; 1987; "The Water
Industry Expert SystemSupport Environment". In (Ed) D.S.Moralee;
'Research and Developments inExpert Systems IV'; Cambridge University
Press.
WSUFP
364
Language development, parallelism, and functional programming.
To develop an FP interpreter in Prolog.
An FP(Language developed by Backus, FP stands for
functional programming) interpreter developed in relation to a reduced
message passing scheme. Also for the study of functional programming
lnaguages.
Chris Fickert.
WRight State University.
U.S.A.
Quintos
700
55
Ultrix(unix-based).
Fall 1988
unknown
July 1992
Sigplan Notices November 1992.
XLSIOR
170
Insurance
An Intelligent System for Reinsurance Recoveries Calculation
Submitted to PAC. Paper 207
Martin Wood, Corlett, & Hopson
UK
SD-Prolog
6/11/91
XPL (eXplanation for ProLog)
45
Expert System Shells
Explaining behaviour of an expert system written in Prolog
XPL is an explanation shell built in Prolog by using
meta-programming techniques. The heart of the shell is an integrated meta-
interpreter which handles both successes and failures in layers. The
layered design allows handling of negation and failure; including cuts; and
successes in a single interpreter. The shell provides why; how; whynot and
bywhom type of explanations in one shell and allows dynamic user input to
the knowledge base by query-the-user facilities . It also illustrates the
interactions of cuts with the execution.
L. Umit Yalcinalp
Case Western Reserve University
USA
Sictus Prolog; Quintus Prolog
C
2000
240
Sun/UNIX
Free/Public Domain
Prototype
Feb 88
2;3
Feb 92
ÇIF*** The text replacing this argument is too long
***È
L. Sterling and L. U. Yalcinalp; Explaining Prolog-
Based Expert Systems Using a Layered Meta-Interpreter; in Proceedings
of 11th International Joint Conference in Artificial Intelligence;
Morgan--Kaufmann; pp 66-71;1989
L. U. Yalcinalp and L. Sterling; An Integrated Interpreter for Explaining
Prolog's Successes and Failures; in Meta Programming in Logic Programming;
eds. Abramson and Rogers; pp. 191-203; 1989.
XTEL
313
Techn. configuration.
Configuration of Telephone Systems.
Customers of the German Post System can state their
wishes, concerning their own inhouse telephone system. The system
generates possible layouts and tests them against legal guidlines.
Mr. Thuy, Mr. Schnupp.
Interface Computer GmbH.
Germany.
IF/PROLOG
Siemens Collage.
Siemans MX300
Sold Product
Released
10/89
150
14/02/92
Der Postexperte
KI, 1-89
Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich.
XTRACT
451
Text analysis for information extraction.
Extract and analyse costing information from capture files
generated from communication dialogues with on-line databases.
The application consists of two parts:
1. Information extraction from text files
2. Database reports on accumulated information .
Information extraction:
----------------------
Through the use of user definable text templates, the system will
search a text file for matches. The templates consists of fixed text
expressions and variable names. A template matches a block of text
when all the fixed text components
can be matched in that block, the variables are then assigned to the
text at their position eg. Template:
Total cost at HR; MIN is COST dollars
Will match:
Total cost at 3:15 is 20.32 dollars
With variables bound as follows:
HR=3. MIN=15, COST=20.32
The user may also supply equations and look up tables to be used in
calculating other variable values. Variables with reserved names may
then be asserted into a database.
Database reports:
-----------------
The database may be inspected and reports generated in either text or
comma deliminated file formats. These may be used for reporting,
invoicing etc. The system currently supports six international
information hosts, another ten
or so are to be added before product release.
John Jones, Jim Smith, Jill Cousins.
Trade Ware Systems, First Contact.
Australia, UK.
PDC Prolog version 3.3. Extensive use of the PDC Prolog
Toolbox in the following areas: Parser generator, User interface tools,
Screen definition / data entry tools.
None.
2500 Does not include the large amount of toolbox code used.
180 Does not include the large amount of toolbox code
used.
IBM PC compatible, DOS version 3.3 or later.
Licensed
Evaluation
October 1992
XWIN
316
Graphical interface.
UIMS tool for building graphical user interfaces.
The XWIN editor is a graphical tool provided with the
CHIP development system to build graphical user interfaces for CHIP
applications using the XGIP graphical environment. Unlike other graphical
dialog generators, it not only allows users to define dialog fields with
buttons, sliders etc, but also allows for a simple generation and set up of
drawing areas used for diagrams, charts and more advanced graphical
interfaces.
COSYTEC.
CLP Software and Services.
France.
CHIP
C X11
1500
SUN/HP/IBM/DIGITAL workstations.
PC 386/486 UNIX DOS
Sold Product
Released
01/92
25
03/92
M. Dincbas, P. Van Hentenryck, H. Simonis, A.
Aggoun, T. Graf, F. Berthier, The Constraint Logic Programming
Language CHIP.
In Proc. of The Int. Conf. on Fifth Generation Computer Systems, p693-702.
Tokyo, Japan, November 1988.
Ytoolkit
255
Graphics
portable graphics package forProlog applications
The system is composed of a lower level interface to a
windowing system, a graphical interface toolkit and development tools to
build and enhance user interfaces.
José Paulo Leal, Luis Damas
Universidade de Porto, Centro da Inform‡tica
Portugal
Many
José Paulo Leal, Luis Damas: Ytoolkit: a portable
graphics package forProlog applications. Abstracts of poster sessions, Int.
Conference on Practical Application of Prolog, London 1992.
ZEXPERT
171
Finance
a Prolog-based expert system shell
Submitted to PAC. Paper 332
Zsuzsa Farkas et al
Austria
MProlog
6/11/91